Core Insights - The fourth Meteorological Economic Forum was held on September 11 in Beijing, focusing on "climate change and green energy development" to explore collaborative paths for climate change and green energy [1][7] - The forum highlighted the need for international cooperation in enhancing energy systems' climate resilience and promoting global green low-carbon development [1][2] Group 1: Climate Change and Energy Transition - The global installed capacity of wind and solar energy has reached 31%, with extreme weather becoming a key factor affecting the stability of power systems [1] - The energy sector accounts for three-quarters of global greenhouse gas emissions, necessitating prioritization of climate action through increased renewable energy investment [2] - China aims to achieve significant reductions in carbon emission intensity through optimizing industrial structure and developing renewable energy [2][3] Group 2: Technological Innovation and Collaboration - The Global Energy Internet Development Cooperation Organization and the China Meteorological Administration have jointly released a long-term forecast for global renewable energy generation, addressing a technical gap in the field [1] - The forum emphasized the importance of integrating meteorological data with power systems to enhance renewable energy absorption and grid resilience [2][5] - The event featured discussions on innovative practices in renewable energy supply stability under extreme weather conditions [6] Group 3: Achievements and Future Goals - By the end of 2024, China's cumulative installed capacity of renewable energy is expected to reach 1.41 billion kilowatts, accounting for 42% of the national total [3] - The forum initiated a case collection activity to showcase local government and enterprise achievements in promoting green transformation and the "Two Mountains" concept [3][5] - Experts at the forum called for interdisciplinary research to support global climate governance and the achievement of carbon neutrality [4][5]

Group 1 - The fourth Meteorological Economic Forum was held on September 11 in Beijing, focusing on the theme of "Climate Change and Green Energy Development" to explore paths for the synergistic development of climate change and green energy [1][24] - The forum gathered representatives from domestic and international organizations, experts, and corporate representatives to discuss topics such as climate change response, energy transition, and the construction of a beautiful China [1][24] Group 2 - The global installed capacity of wind and solar energy has reached 31%, with extreme weather becoming a key factor affecting the stability of power systems [3][10] - Research indicates that for every 1°C increase in maximum temperature, the peak electricity load increases by 4.5% [3] - The Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization is actively conducting collaborative research on energy meteorology and has partnered with the China Meteorological Administration to release the "Global New Energy Generation Annual Forecast 2025" [3][10] Group 3 - The energy sector accounts for three-quarters of global greenhouse gas emissions, necessitating prioritization of climate action through increased investment in renewable energy and enhanced climate services [5][10] - China has significantly reduced carbon emission intensity through industrial restructuring and the development of renewable energy, maintaining a leading position in global wind and solar installed capacity [8][14] Group 4 - The forum featured keynote speeches from prominent figures, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary research on climate systems and the importance of technological innovation in achieving carbon neutrality [15][16] - The forum initiated the "Exploring Beautiful China Climate Ecology Chapter" case collection activity to showcase local government and enterprise achievements in promoting green transformation [11][20] Group 5 - The forum included a roundtable discussion on "Climate Change and Green Development," inviting representatives from leading institutions to explore collaborative paths for climate change and green energy [24][26] - The fifth Global Meteorological Services and Equipment Exhibition showcased advanced meteorological data applications and technologies that support low-carbon transitions in various sectors [27]

Core Insights - The report highlights the severe global drought challenges exacerbated by climate change, with a call for enhanced drought prevention capabilities and international cooperation [4][5][6] Group 1: Global Drought Impact - The 2023-2025 Global Drought Hotspots Report indicates that over 90 million people in Eastern and Southern Africa face severe hunger due to drought [5] - The Panama Canal's daily shipping volume is expected to drop significantly from October 2023 to January 2024 due to low water levels, impacting global trade [5] - Economic losses from drought are estimated at $307 billion annually, with projections indicating that by 2050, three out of four people globally will be affected by drought [5][6] Group 2: Environmental and Social Consequences - Since 1980, 37% of the global land area has seen a significant decrease in soil moisture, contributing to land degradation and biodiversity loss [6] - Drought is linked to 34% of deaths caused by natural disasters, particularly affecting poverty and inequality in sub-Saharan Africa [6] Group 3: Policy and International Cooperation - The report emphasizes the need for comprehensive strategies to address drought, including improved water usage, drought-resistant crops, and sustainable land management [8] - The International Drought Alliance, formed in 2022, aims to enhance drought risk management and response capabilities among over 70 countries [8] Group 4: Regional Focus and Initiatives - The Middle East and North Africa are among the most affected regions, with 14 out of the 17 most water-scarce countries located there [9] - Arab countries are integrating climate change and water resource management into national strategies and are actively participating in international cooperation [9][10] - China is collaborating with international organizations to share drought management experiences and technologies, positioning itself as a leader in global drought governance [10]

Core Insights - A recent study published in the journal Nature Microbiology indicates that global warming poses a significant threat to Prochlorococcus, a crucial oxygen-producing marine microorganism, with potential population reductions of up to 51% by 2100 under moderate to high warming scenarios [1][5]. Group 1: Impact of Climate Change - Prochlorococcus, a vital cyanobacterium found in 75% of the sunlit surface oceans, contributes approximately 20% of the world's oxygen through photosynthesis [3]. - Predictions suggest that sea surface temperatures in many tropical and subtropical regions may frequently exceed 30°C by 2100, endangering marine ecosystems [3][5]. - Previous assumptions indicated that Prochlorococcus would expand its distribution with rising ocean temperatures, but these estimates were primarily based on laboratory data [3]. Group 2: Research Findings - The study analyzed a decade of data collected from ships traversing the tropical and subtropical Pacific Ocean from 2010 to 2023, revealing that the growth and division rates of Prochlorococcus are temperature-dependent [5]. - Contrary to earlier predictions, the study found that the division rate of Prochlorococcus sharply declines when sea surface temperatures exceed 28°C [5]. - Simulations indicate that under representative concentration pathways 4.5 and 8.5, Prochlorococcus productivity could decrease by 17% to 51% compared to current levels in future moderate and high warming scenarios [5][7]. Group 3: Research Limitations - The authors acknowledge that their field sampling may have missed rare heat-tolerant Prochlorococcus strains, and the ship-based data may not adequately represent some hotter tropical regions [7].

近期，多个太平洋岛国暴发10年来最大规模和最严重的登革热疫情。世界卫生组织表示，截至目前，太 平洋地区共报告2.35万例疑似登革热病例，经实验室确诊的病例超过1.6万例，该地区感染率已达到2016 年以来的最高水平，其中斐济、萨摩亚和汤加受影响情况最为严重。一些国家宣布进入紧急状态，并采 取措施加强应对登革热疫情。 斐济是今年太平洋地区疫情最严重的国家，累计确诊病例超过1.4万例，疑似病例超过1.1万例。萨摩亚 已有近8000人被诊断出患有登革热，其中儿童病例占到70%以上，并报告有6人死亡。汤加自2月宣布疫 情发生以来，已报告800多例感染病例和3例死亡病例。"今年是登革热疫情的又一个高峰，情况十分严 重。"世界卫生组织太平洋技术支持主任马克·雅各布斯说。 登革热是一种由伊蚊传播的病毒性疾病，会导致高烧、剧烈头痛、关节和肌肉疼痛、皮疹，严重情况下 甚至可能致命。全球气候变化导致的气温升高、降雨增加和湿度升高等，为伊蚊创造了理想的繁殖条 件。太平洋共同体副总干事保拉·维维利表示，登革热疫情具有季节性，"然而，由于气候变化，传播季 节正在延长，一些地区全年都面临登革热风险。"新西兰国家水资源与大气研究所分析，近 ...

Summary of Palm Oil Market Conference Call Industry Overview - The palm oil market has recently experienced a correction, but there is significant potential for mid-term price increases. The current market sentiment is weak due to a lack of news, leading to profit-taking and price volatility [1][3] - The U.S. and Brazil's biofuel policies are increasing the use of soybean oil, which is reducing soybean oil exports and raising the international price differential between soybean and palm oil, benefiting palm oil exports [1][4] - Indonesia's B40 policy and potential B50 policy are expected to support long-term demand for palm oil [1] Supply and Demand Dynamics - Supply and demand in Malaysia and Indonesia are tightening. Malaysia's production is expected to continue declining, while Indonesia's crackdown on illegal plantations poses risks to production increases. Overall inventory in both countries is decreasing, providing price support [1][5] - India's vegetable oil inventory is low, indicating a need for replenishment. Indonesia's increased export taxes are reducing its competitiveness, while Malaysia's export data remains strong, suggesting ongoing support for India's replenishment needs [1][6] - The Indonesian government's crackdown on illegal plantations has significantly impacted production, involving millions of hectares and potentially leading to a decrease in output [1][7][29] Climate Impact - Global climate change may cause delayed impacts on palm oil production in Q1 2026, further tightening supply-demand relationships and supporting prices [1][9] Production Trends - Global palm oil production growth is expected to slow significantly by 2026, with Indonesia's production increase projected to be limited to around 1 million tons [2][11] - The concentration of palm oil production is high, primarily in Indonesia and Malaysia, with both countries facing challenges such as aging plantations and limited expansion potential [1][10] Biofuel Demand - The demand for biodiesel has increased significantly, particularly in Indonesia, where policies are expected to drive domestic palm oil demand. The potential implementation of B50 could add approximately 3 million tons of demand [1][12][18] - U.S. and Brazilian biodiesel policies are also expected to increase the demand for soybean oil and indirectly support palm oil exports [1][13][14] Market Outlook - The palm oil price has fluctuated significantly since July 2025, with expectations of further increases despite recent corrections. The price is projected to remain between 9,200 and 10,000, with potential for exceeding 10,000 in the long term [1][19][22] - India's low palm oil inventory is attributed to rising domestic consumption and reduced imports, indicating a need for replenishment in the coming months [1][23] Risks and Considerations - The transition of illegal plantation management to state-owned enterprises could significantly impact supply, with potential losses in production if not managed properly [1][25][29] - If palm oil prices remain high, it may affect the willingness of the government to increase biodiesel blending rates due to economic concerns [1][21] Conclusion - The palm oil market is facing a complex interplay of supply constraints, policy impacts, and climate considerations, with a generally optimistic long-term outlook despite short-term volatility. The focus should remain on monitoring production trends, policy developments, and global market dynamics to identify potential investment opportunities and risks.

Core Viewpoint - The expansion of mining activities in northern Sweden is threatening the traditional reindeer herding practices of the Sámi people, which have existed for thousands of years, and could lead to the extinction of their cultural identity [2][3][4]. Group 1: Impact of Mining on Sámi Culture - The proposed mining at the Peergajee site is expected to disrupt the migration routes of reindeer, which are essential for the livelihood and cultural practices of the Sámi herders [2][4]. - Reindeer herding is central to Sámi culture, influencing their food, language, and traditional knowledge [2][3]. - The Sámi community is concerned that continued mining will lead to the end of their traditional way of life, as they rely on reindeer for their economic and cultural survival [2][5]. Group 2: Climate Change Effects - Climate change is exacerbating the challenges faced by Sámi reindeer herders, with warmer winters leading to rain instead of snow, creating ice layers that prevent reindeer from accessing food [6]. - Summer temperatures reaching 30 degrees Celsius (86 degrees Fahrenheit) hinder reindeer from accumulating enough fat reserves for winter survival [6]. - Proposed solutions, such as transporting reindeer by truck, are deemed impractical as they disrupt the animals' natural foraging behavior during migration [6][5]. Group 3: Economic Considerations - The Swedish government and LKAB (Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara AB) aim to reduce Europe's dependence on Chinese rare earth minerals through the mining project, which is crucial for various technologies and the transition to renewable energy [4][6]. - The Sámi community plans to legally oppose the mining project, but they face significant challenges due to the resources and influence of mining companies [5][4].

本文来自微信公众号：新周刊 （ID：new-weekly），作者：里里，编辑：陆一鸣，题图来自：AI生成 这个夏天，江浙沪包邮区成了"包热区"。 人类感到最舒适的温度在18℃～25℃之间，面对热浪，我们尚可以躲进空调房，切一盘冰镇西瓜消暑。或者尽量避开日头最毒的时候出行，在路旁的浓荫 下暂得喘息。植物也有各自适宜生存的温度，但它们无处可逃，只能待在原地直面烈日。 整个8月，上海超过35℃的高温天足足有27个，刷新了1873年以来的8月纪录，杭州更是连续29天高温不断。8月24日，处暑刚过，本该是"暑热终止，秋意 悄至"的天气，上海却迎来了今年最热的一天，据徐家汇国家一般气象站观测，当日最高温定格在38.9℃，体感温度突破40℃。 香樟耐热，能忍受35℃~38℃的高温，但长时间的炙烤下，叶片也会被灼伤，边缘焦枯。另一些更为娇嫩的景观树，只能在高温和干旱的夹击中沉默"哭 泣"——当植物极度缺水，空气会进入导管，形成气泡，然后破裂。那微弱的声响，就像是迈向死亡的哭声。 8月的尾声，上海辰山植物园樱花大道旁的樱花树已开始褪去绿意。叶片最先从树冠顶端开始变黄、枯萎、脱落，紧接着一层层向下蔓延。情况严重的， 短短几天时间 ...

Core Insights - The summer rainy season in North China has set records for both duration and rainfall, marking the strongest rainy season since 1961 [1][2] - The rainy season began on July 5, 2023, which is 13 days earlier than the average, and ended on September 2, 2023, 16 days later than usual, resulting in a total duration of 29 days longer than the average [1][2] - Cumulative rainfall reached 356.6 mm, exceeding the average by 161.1%, establishing a historical high since 1961 [1] Climate Factors - The early onset of the rainy season is attributed to the abnormal northward movement of the subtropical high-pressure system, which has been influenced by climate change and ocean temperature anomalies [2] - The subtropical high-pressure system has been stronger and positioned further north than in previous years, contributing to increased moisture transport to North China [2] Long-term Trends - There is a linear increasing trend in rainfall during the rainy season in North China since the 21st century, although no significant increase is observed over a longer time frame from 1961 to 2024 [3] - Historical data indicates that years with rainfall exceeding 300 mm occurred primarily in the 1980s and 1990s [3] Weather Patterns - The combination of global warming and the early rainy season has led to increased humidity and prolonged high temperatures, resulting in a shift from dry heat to humid heat in North China's summers [4] - The frequency of humid heat events has increased significantly compared to dry heat events since 1981, with a growth rate of 2 to 3 times [4] Climate Change Implications - The record-breaking rainy season is seen as a localized manifestation of climate change, with rising atmospheric moisture and urban heat island effects contributing to more frequent and intense extreme rainfall events [4]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the increasing internal divisions within Europe regarding environmental policies, particularly in light of recent extreme weather events and the economic challenges faced by the region. The debate over air conditioning in France exemplifies the broader conflict between economic survival and environmental ideals [1][2][9]. Group 1: Environmental Policy Divisions - The "air conditioning war" in France reflects a growing divide in environmental policy, with right-wing parties advocating for more practical solutions to heat waves, while left-wing factions warn against exacerbating environmental crises [2][3]. - The "Duplon Law" has intensified conflicts among French political factions, with significant protests from farmers against EU environmental policies that threaten their livelihoods [3][4]. - The rise of far-right parties in the EU, such as the "European Patriots," indicates a shift away from traditional support for green agendas, focusing instead on economic concerns [4][5]. Group 2: Economic Pressures and Environmental Goals - Economic downturns and high inflation have led to a reevaluation of the EU's green agenda, with many parties now prioritizing economic stability over environmental initiatives [1][10]. - The EU's commitment to ambitious climate goals, such as reducing carbon emissions by 55% by 2030, faces increasing political resistance, particularly from right-wing factions [4][6]. - The shift in public priorities towards economic security and international conflicts has diminished the emphasis on climate issues, reflecting a broader trend of environmental policy regression in the EU [10][11]. Group 3: Climate Change Impact - Extreme weather events, including wildfires and floods, have significantly affected Europe, with millions impacted and substantial carbon emissions released [11][12]. - The EU's preparedness for climate change adaptation has been criticized, indicating a lack of effective strategies to address the challenges posed by climate change [12].