央广网北京8月6日消息（记者王泽华 孙永）据中央广播电视总台中国之声《新闻和报纸摘要》报 道，国务院办公厅印发《关于逐步推行免费学前教育的意见》（以下简称《意见》），昨天（5日）对 外公布。《意见》明确，从今年秋季学期起，免除公办幼儿园学前一年在园儿童保育教育费。 《意见》指出，对因免保育教育费导致幼儿园收入减少的部分，由财政部门综合考虑免保育教育费 在园儿童人数、所在地保育教育费生均实际收费水平等情况补助幼儿园。 根据《意见》，民办幼儿园参照当地同类型公办幼儿园免除水平，相应减免保育教育费；高出免除 水平的部分，民办幼儿园可以按规定继续向在园儿童家庭收取。 中国教育科学研究院基础教育研究所副研究员高丙成："学前一年"就是指大班的在园适龄儿童，免 费的标准是按当地公办幼儿园保育教育费收费标准，进行免除。大家知道，幼儿园的收费，主要包括保 育教育费、伙食费、住宿费等，此次《意见》提出的免费，免除的是保育教育费。 中国财政科学研究院教科文研究中心主任韩凤芹：我们认为免费学前教育政策就是"投资于人"的一 个重要体现。它不仅是教育公平的深化，也是人口高质量发展的必然要求。 ...

Group 1: Achievements of the 14th Five-Year Plan - China's economic strength has significantly increased, with GDP expected to reach approximately 140 trillion yuan by 2025, representing a growth equivalent to recreating the economies of Guangdong, Jiangsu, and Shandong combined [2] - Research and development (R&D) investment has grown nearly 50% compared to the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan, reaching 1.2 trillion yuan, with R&D intensity approaching OECD averages [3] - The renewable energy capacity has more than doubled, reaching 2.09 billion kilowatts by May 2025, with one-third of electricity generated from green sources [4] - Employment has increased with over 12 million new urban jobs created annually, and the coverage of basic medical and pension insurance remains above 95% [5] - Significant progress in state-owned enterprise reform and the establishment of a unified national market, with the number of negative lists for market access reduced from 151 to 106 [7] Group 2: Expectations for the 15th Five-Year Plan - The focus will be on advancing technology in areas such as artificial intelligence and quantum information, with a collaborative mechanism for transforming research into economic benefits [9] - A shift towards a green industrial revolution is anticipated, with non-fossil energy expected to account for about 25% of primary energy consumption [10] - Digital transformation will progress from consumer internet to industrial internet, with comprehensive coverage of industrial categories [11] - Policies will be implemented to address aging population challenges, including enhanced support for families and the development of a silver economy [12] - Reforms aimed at achieving common prosperity will be introduced, including adjustments to tax systems and minimum wage standards [13] - Efforts to enhance openness and connectivity in the dual circulation economy will be prioritized, with a reduction in foreign investment negative lists [14]

Core Viewpoint - The development of the silver economy is a strategic response to China's aging population, aimed at enhancing the welfare of the elderly and fostering economic growth [2][10]. Group 1: Importance of Silver Economy - The silver economy is crucial for addressing the challenges posed by an aging population and is seen as a means to improve the quality of life for millions of elderly citizens [1][2]. - The Chinese government emphasizes the need for a national strategy to actively respond to population aging, which includes the development of a comprehensive elderly care service system and the promotion of the silver economy [1][2]. Group 2: Economic Development and Aging Population - The aging population presents both challenges and opportunities for economic development, necessitating a shift towards high-quality development that aligns with demographic changes [3][4]. - The silver economy can stimulate new economic growth by meeting the diverse needs of the elderly population, thereby enhancing overall economic quality and efficiency [5][12]. Group 3: Policy and Structural Changes - The government is urged to strengthen the elderly care infrastructure and services, integrating positive aging concepts into all aspects of economic and social development [6][8]. - There is a call for innovation in policies and financial support to enhance the elderly care industry, ensuring it evolves to meet the changing demands of the aging population [8][9]. Group 4: Market Potential and Consumer Demand - By 2024, it is projected that 22% of China's population will be aged 60 and above, indicating a significant market potential for the silver economy [5][10]. - The increasing income levels of the elderly population are shifting their consumption patterns towards higher quality and more diverse products and services, creating a vibrant market for the silver economy [11][12]. Group 5: Technological Integration - The integration of new technologies into the silver economy is essential for developing innovative products and services tailored to the elderly, such as smart health monitoring devices and personalized financial services [9][10]. - Emphasizing technological advancements can lead to the creation of new industries and business models within the silver economy, enhancing its growth potential [9][12].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of high-quality population development as a strong support for Chinese-style modernization, which is crucial for the happiness and well-being of millions of families and the sustainability of the Chinese nation [1][2] - The Chinese government is focusing on building a fertility-friendly society by improving the fertility support policy system and incentive mechanisms to achieve an appropriate fertility level and promote high-quality population development [1][2] - The current demographic trends in China include declining birth rates, aging population, and regional population disparities, necessitating comprehensive fertility-friendly services to enhance the willingness of the eligible population to have children [1][2][3] Group 2 - The new reproductive policies in China have shifted towards structural optimization strategies, focusing on economic support, parental benefits, public services, and social security to establish a comprehensive population development support and service system [2][3] - A key aspect of fertility-friendly services is the principle of comprehensiveness, which includes a wide range of services for women of childbearing age, children, and flexible employment individuals, ensuring support throughout the entire reproductive process [2][3][4] - Improving the quality of population development is linked to enhancing health services, educational resources, housing stability, and employment policies, which are essential for creating a supportive environment for families [4][5] Group 3 - The construction of a fertility-friendly culture is a long-term process that requires cultural guidance and cohesion, emphasizing the need to cultivate new marriage and fertility cultures among the youth [5][6] - The promotion of a new marriage and fertility culture involves discarding outdated customs and advocating for appropriate marriage and childbirth practices, as well as fostering family values that emphasize gender equality and shared parenting responsibilities [5][6] - Educational institutions play a crucial role in disseminating knowledge about population and fertility policies, integrating these topics into the national education system to foster a supportive social environment for high-quality population development [6]

"倡导积极婚育观念，强化生育服务支持，事关千家万户，事关经济社会可持续发展。" 从2025年1月1日起，对符合法律法规规定生育的3周岁以下婴幼儿发放补贴，至其年满3周岁；加快新生 儿护理、"亲情陪产"等价格项目立项，促进儿科产科优化服务；坚持保基本保普惠原则，逐步推行免费 学前教育……近期，一系列政策措施的上新，传递出强烈信号：国家持续发力，降低育儿成本，建设生 育友好型社会。 中国式现代化是人口规模巨大的现代化。人口发展是关系中华民族伟大复兴的大事，必须着力提高人口 整体素质，以人口高质量发展支撑中国式现代化。党的十八大以来，针对人口增长和人口结构出现的新 变化，党中央科学研判，及时调整优化生育政策，总体效果是好的。随着经济社会发展和人口年龄结构 变化，我国总体上已由人口增量发展转向减量发展阶段，人口发展呈现少子化、老龄化、区域人口增减 分化等明显的趋势性特征。 保持适度生育水平是人口高质量发展的重要基础。第七次全国人口普查数据显示，我国育龄妇女总和生 育率为1.3，已经处于较低水平。这一数据背后，是诸多家庭面对生育问题时的踌躇与无奈。导致生育 意愿低迷的重要原因之一，便是居高不下的育儿成本。从孩子呱呱坠地 ...

国家卫健委：确保育儿补贴制度平稳有序实施，促进人口高质量发展 金十数据7月30日讯，7月29日，国家卫生健康委联合财政部召开育儿补贴制度实施工作部署视频会。会 议强调，切实增强做好育儿补贴制度实施工作的责任感和使命感，把惠及千家万户的民生政策落实落地 办好。要强化组织领导，扛起责任担当，规范制定省级实施方案，加强资金保障管理，扎实推进政策衔 接、政策协同，保障线上信息系统和线下服务稳定运行，做好宣传引导和政策解读，强化实施效果评 估，确保育儿补贴制度平稳有序实施，促进人口高质量发展。 ...

国家卫生健康委人口家庭司司长王海东应询指出，随着经济社会发展，我国总体上已由人口增量发展转 向减量发展阶段，少子化、老龄化、区域人口增减分化特征明显。为了适应人口发展新形势，我国加快 完善生育支持政策体系，不断减轻家庭生育养育教育负担，推动建设生育友好型社会，努力保持适度生 育水平和人口规模，以人口高质量发展支撑中国式现代化。 王海东表示，人口是一个慢变量，受到很多因素影响。包括育儿补贴在内的生育支持政策措施的作用需 要长期观察，将在实施过程中持续跟踪、全面评估。国际经验表明，生育支持需要多维度政策同向发 力，形成系统性支持。 下一步，国家卫健委将会同相关部门，进一步深化人口发展重大问题研究，完善人口监测体系，加强政 策成效评估，同时也加强政策储备，不断完善生育支持政策体系，推动人口高质量发展。 责任编辑：何俊熹 7月30日，国新办举行新闻发布会，介绍育儿补贴制度及生育支持措施有关情况。发布会上，有记者提 问：中国如何评估政府在提高生育率方面的努力是否成功？如果有必要，是否有可能在未来增加对家庭 的补贴和其他援助？ ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of a people-centered development approach in China's economic policies, highlighting the need for economic growth to support and improve people's livelihoods, thereby creating a virtuous cycle between economic development and social welfare [1][2][4]. Economic Growth and Livelihood Improvement - Economic growth and livelihood improvement are interdependent, with the ultimate goal being the well-being of the people. The focus has shifted from merely measuring economic growth to evaluating the quality of life improvements [2][3]. - Since the 18th National Congress, significant progress has been made in areas such as education, social security, and healthcare, enhancing people's sense of gain, happiness, and security [2][4]. Investment in Livelihood Improvement - Livelihood improvement serves as a crucial driver for economic growth, with investments in housing, education, healthcare, and infrastructure directly contributing to economic activity. For instance, in 2024, China plans to construct and renovate 130,000 kilometers of rural roads and achieve a rural drinking water coverage rate of 94% [3][4]. - The enhancement of living conditions and education levels leads to an increase in human capital, which in turn boosts productivity and economic growth. In 2024, the labor productivity in China is projected to reach 174,000 yuan per person, with a real growth rate of 4.9% [3][4]. Policy Focus on Livelihood Improvement - The Chinese government has shifted its economic policy focus towards improving people's livelihoods, aiming to eliminate poverty and achieve common prosperity. Since the 18th National Congress, nearly 99.9 million rural poor have been lifted out of poverty [4][5]. - The current economic environment necessitates a more pronounced focus on the quality of human resources, addressing demographic changes such as aging and declining birth rates, and fostering high-quality development through innovation and talent [5][6]. Consumer Behavior and Economic Growth - As per international experience, once a country's GDP per capita exceeds $10,000, consumer spending becomes a significant driver of economic growth. In contrast, China's current consumer contribution to economic growth is relatively low, indicating a need for policies that enhance consumer confidence and spending [6][7]. - Improving living standards is essential for sustaining economic growth, with a focus on high-quality employment, education, healthcare, and social security systems to enhance overall consumer capacity [7][9]. Addressing Livelihood Shortcomings - There is a need to invest more resources in addressing livelihood shortcomings, particularly in employment, education, healthcare, and social security, to create a positive feedback loop between livelihood improvement and economic growth [8][9]. - Specific measures include enhancing employment support, improving educational quality, expanding healthcare access, and increasing social security benefits to foster a more equitable and prosperous society [9][10].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of high-quality population development as a strong support for Chinese-style modernization, which is crucial for the happiness and well-being of millions of families and the sustainability of the Chinese nation [1] - The Chinese government is focusing on building a fertility-friendly society by improving the fertility support policy system and incentive mechanisms to achieve an appropriate fertility level and promote high-quality population development [1][2] - The current demographic trends in China include declining birth rates, aging population, and regional population disparities, necessitating comprehensive fertility-friendly services to enhance the willingness of the eligible population to have children [1][2] Group 2 - The new reproductive policies in China have shifted towards structural optimization strategies, focusing on economic support, parental benefits, public services, and social security to establish a comprehensive population development support and service system [2] - Key aspects of fertility-friendly services include providing subsidies, maternity leave, reproductive health services for women of childbearing age, childcare services, and reproductive health education for children and adolescents [2][3] - A holistic approach is required to address the interconnections between population issues and socio-economic factors, aiming to enhance the quality of life and meet the needs of the people [3] Group 3 - High-quality population development is fundamentally about promoting comprehensive human development, with health being a basic support for achieving a better life and realizing personal value [4] - Improving maternity insurance, healthcare services for childbirth, and children's medical services is essential for building a fertility-friendly society and ensuring a healthy foundation for population development [4] - Stable housing and employment are critical factors for promoting high-quality population development, with measures to support multi-child families in housing and employment policies [4] Group 4 - Cultivating a fertility-friendly culture is a long-term process that requires cultural guidance and cohesion, with an emphasis on promoting new marriage and fertility values among young people [5][6] - The new marriage and fertility culture should reflect the core socialist values while continuing the excellent traditions of Chinese marriage culture, advocating for appropriate marriage and childbirth practices [5] - Strengthening public awareness and education on population and fertility policies is vital, integrating these topics into the national education system to foster a supportive environment for high-quality population development [6]

Group 1 - The meeting focused on improving population development strategies in response to aging and declining birth rates, emphasizing the importance of high-quality development [1][2] - The provincial government has made significant progress in implementing population development policies, creating new experiences that position the province at the forefront nationally [1][2] - Recommendations include fostering a modern marriage and childbirth culture, enhancing support for childbirth, and developing a high-quality elderly care service system [1][2] Group 2 - The provincial leadership highlighted the need to align with national policies and deepen understanding of population development's significance [2] - Future efforts will focus on addressing challenges in population development, ensuring resource allocation, and improving service quality for both the elderly and children [2] - The meeting included participation from various provincial departments, indicating a collaborative approach to addressing population issues [2]