Core Viewpoint - The compilation of the Ecological Environment Code is a significant legislative effort aimed at modernizing China's ecological environment legal system, integrating over 30 existing laws and numerous regulations into a cohesive legal framework [2][3]. Group 1: Legislative Framework - The Ecological Environment Code is positioned as a key legislative measure to fulfill constitutional tasks related to ecological civilization and national responsibilities [2]. - The code aims to systematically integrate over 30 existing ecological environment laws, more than 100 administrative regulations, and over 1,000 local regulations into a unified legal text [2][3]. - The compilation process is based on the achievements of ecological civilization legal practices since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China [2]. Group 2: Content and Structure - The code will address various ecological elements such as air, water, and soil, promoting integrated protection and systematic governance [3]. - It will include general institutional norms for ecological environment, optimize pollution prevention regulations, and establish principles for green low-carbon development and climate change response [3]. - The code will maintain openness and compatibility by incorporating essential elements from existing laws related to natural resources and biodiversity [3]. Group 3: Impact on Legislation and Enforcement - The enactment of the Ecological Environment Code is expected to reduce the number of existing ecological environment laws, leading to the revision or repeal of certain administrative regulations [6]. - A unified legal basis will enhance the authority of ecological environment enforcement, reducing disputes arising from unclear or conflicting regulations [7]. - The code will promote systematic protection of the ecological environment, emphasizing the integrity and interconnectivity of ecosystems [7].

Core Viewpoint - The draft of the Ecological Environment Code, which consists of 1188 articles across five sections, aims to enhance public ecological rights and address various pollution issues, reflecting a commitment to sustainable development and environmental protection [1]. Group 1: Public Ecological Rights - The draft emphasizes the protection of public health and ecological rights as a legislative goal, marking a significant advancement from existing environmental laws [2][3]. - Specific regulations are introduced to address common public complaints related to air pollution from local businesses, integrating previous policies into a cohesive legal framework [2][3]. Group 2: New Pollution Issues - The pollution prevention section includes provisions for emerging pollutants such as chemical substances and electromagnetic radiation, highlighting the need for updated regulations in response to new environmental challenges [4]. - The draft establishes a risk management system for hazardous chemicals and a supervisory framework for electromagnetic radiation, reflecting a proactive legislative approach [4]. Group 3: Ecosystem Protection - The ecological protection section introduces comprehensive regulations for various ecosystems, including rivers, lakes, and deserts, moving away from a singular focus on individual ecological elements [5][6]. - The draft aims to enhance the protection of water ecosystems by integrating existing laws and emphasizing the importance of water ecological health [6]. Group 4: Development and Protection Balance - The draft underscores the importance of balancing natural resource protection with sustainable utilization, promoting a harmonious relationship between development and ecological preservation [7]. - Specific provisions are included for the protection of arable land and other natural resources, ensuring that environmental constraints are integrated into resource management practices [7][8]. Group 5: Green and Low-Carbon Development - A separate section on green and low-carbon development is introduced, establishing a legal framework to support sustainable economic practices and address climate change [9]. - The draft emphasizes the need for stronger regulations in the green economy sector, reflecting China's commitment to international climate agreements and environmental governance [9].