当人工智能越来越"聪明"，越来越像人类甚至超越人类，它会带来哪些潜在风险？当人工智 能的治理变得至关重要，国际合作又存在哪些共识和挑战？当人工智能与人类的牵绊越来越 深，未来，人类和人工智能会是怎样的相处模式？面对一定会到来的智能时代，人类将不得 不思考这些问题，人工智能的治理也由此显得迫在眉睫。 在本期《两说》节目中，第一财经主持人张媛深度对话中国科学院自动化研究所研究员、国 家新一代人工智能治理委员会委员曾毅。作为我国人工智能伦理治理领域的代表人物之一， 曾毅深度参与中国国家层面 AI 伦理规范与治理框架的制定，还作为中国代表在国际人工智 能伦理治理中贡献中国智慧与中国方案。在节目中，曾毅阐述了他对现阶段人工智能水平的 判断，人工智能真正的风险所在。他提出治理和发展并不矛盾的观点，并详细回忆了在联合 国磋商人工智能全球共识的细节。此外，曾毅还用中国哲学的智慧畅想了人类与人工智能和 谐相处的美好愿景。 有人认为良好的治理框架能促进AI应用和普及，是创新的"催化剂"。也有人担心过度或不当的 治理会阻碍创新，成为创新的"刹车片"。人工智能治理和发展究竟是什么关系？曾毅表示他不 否认治理是"刹车"这一观点，他补充 ...

网信办副主任王京涛与德国联邦数字化和国家现代化部国务秘书霍尔舍尔举行会谈 金十数据7月17日讯，当地时间7月16日，中国国家互联网信息办公室副主任王京涛在柏林与德国联邦数 字化和国家现代化部国务秘书霍尔舍尔举行会谈。双方围绕数据跨境流动、人工智能治理等议题广泛深 入交换意见，一致同意深化中德数据跨境流动合作，拓展人工智能治理领域交流，并就继续开展相关机 制性对话达成共识。 （网信中国） ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent AI Governance Dialogue held in Geneva emphasized the need for a sustainable and inclusive governance framework for artificial intelligence, with a focus on health and mental health applications [1][3][5]. Group 1: AI Governance Framework - The dialogue attracted over 10,000 stakeholders from more than 170 countries, including government officials, industry leaders, and academics, to discuss building a trustworthy AI governance system [1]. - The conference highlighted the importance of moving beyond slogans to implement actionable and sustainable policies for AI governance [5]. - A flexible and inclusive governance framework is necessary, along with adaptive regulatory mechanisms and technical standards to ensure AI development aligns with social, economic, and environmental responsibilities [5]. Group 2: Health Sector Focus - The health sector is identified as having significant potential for AI applications, particularly in addressing global mental health challenges [3]. - AI can provide powerful tools for early intervention, improved diagnostics, and expanded access to healthcare services, especially in mental health [3][5]. - There is a notable gap in mental health treatment availability, with many individuals suffering from mental health issues lacking sufficient access to professionals [3]. Group 3: Multi-Stakeholder Participation - Effective AI governance requires participation from multiple stakeholders, including governments, industry, academia, civil society, and international organizations [5]. - There is a call to support capacity building in developing countries to ensure equitable participation in AI governance [5]. - Transparency is deemed essential for building trust, and governance frameworks should reflect diversity and address the digital divide [5]. Group 4: Sustainability and Environmental Impact - The dialogue acknowledged the increasing energy consumption associated with AI and its environmental impact, necessitating the integration of energy and environmental policies into governance frameworks [5]. - The need for green data centers and the use of renewable energy in AI projects was emphasized to ensure sustainable development without overwhelming local infrastructure [5][6]. Group 5: Future Directions - The consensus from the dialogue is that future AI governance should be driven by innovation, guided by inclusivity, and aimed at sustainable development, ensuring that AI benefits everyone globally [6].

Group 1: Key Points from the BRICS Summit - The BRICS summit emphasizes the need for reform in global governance to adapt to 21st-century challenges, with a focus on multilateralism and cooperation among developing countries [1][3][5] - Brazilian President Lula criticized the rising military expenditures and the NATO decision to increase defense budgets, highlighting the need for investment in peace rather than war [3][4] - The summit resulted in the adoption of the "Rio de Janeiro Declaration," which reaffirms the commitment to multilateralism and addresses concerns over unilateral trade measures that could undermine global trade [5][6] Group 2: Initiatives and Proposals - China announced the establishment of a new productivity research center and a scholarship program aimed at fostering talent in industrial and communication sectors among BRICS nations [3][4] - Russian President Putin called for increased mutual investment among BRICS members and emphasized the importance of using local currencies for trade settlements [4][7] - The summit addressed various global issues, including artificial intelligence governance, climate change, and energy transition, showcasing a unified stance among BRICS countries [6][8] Group 3: Responses to External Pressures - The summit took place against a backdrop of U.S. tariffs and threats against countries aligning with BRICS, with officials asserting that BRICS is not an anti-U.S. coalition but a platform for cooperation [7][8] - The BRICS nations are exploring ways to reduce dependency on the U.S. dollar, with Brazil proposing a common currency for trade and investment among member states [7][8]

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry or Company Involved - The discussion revolves around the implications of the One, Big, Beautiful Bill (OBBB) on macroeconomic factors and the energy transition in the United States. Core Points and Arguments Macro Implications 1. **Tax Regime Changes**: OBBB permanently extends lower individual tax rates from the 2017 Tax Cuts & Jobs Act (TCJA) and introduces significant business tax cuts, including immediate expensing of domestic R&D, which could benefit sectors like biotech, healthcare, and energy [2][3] 2. **Federal Debt Projections**: The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) projects federal debt to rise from 100% of GDP today to 118% by 2035, with annual deficits averaging 5.8% of GDP. The bill is estimated to add over $3 trillion to the deficit [3][4] 3. **Fiscal Cost Assessment**: The "current policy" baseline used by Senate Republicans may mask the true fiscal cost of OBBB, potentially leading to a smaller apparent deficit impact [4] 4. **Removal of Section 899**: The removal of Section 899, which proposed a retaliatory tax on passive income from US assets, is seen as a positive for US firms, potentially stabilizing investor sentiment [5] Social and Political Dynamics 5. **Populist Appeal vs. Social Spending Cuts**: While OBBB is marketed as a populist bill, critics argue that cuts to Medicaid and SNAP could harm working families, creating a tension that may benefit Democrats in future elections [10] 6. **Elon Musk's Political Influence**: Elon Musk is emerging as a disruptive political force, potentially challenging GOP senators who support OBBB and advocating for a new political party [11] Medicaid and State Budget Implications 7. **Medicaid Cuts**: OBBB includes $930 billion in cuts to Medicaid, Medicare, and the Affordable Care Act, which could restrict states' budget flexibility and force them to cut services or raise taxes [12] Energy Transition Implications 8. **Differentiation in Energy Tax Credits**: The bill treats different energy generation sources differently regarding tax credits, with nuclear and geothermal projects receiving favorable treatment compared to wind and solar [15] 9. **Foreign Entity of Concern (FEOC) Rules**: New clean generation projects must comply with FEOC rules to qualify for tax credits, aiming to reduce reliance on Chinese goods in the clean energy supply chain [17] 10. **Support for Carbon Management**: The 45Q tax credit for carbon capture remains intact, which is seen as a positive for carbon capture and removal projects [18] 11. **Permitting Challenges**: The removal of permitting changes from OBBB highlights ongoing bottlenecks in the energy transition process, with expectations for a standalone bill to address these issues [19] 12. **Consumer Spending on Clean Energy**: The withdrawal of consumer-facing credits may challenge retail spending in clean energy investments, particularly in the electric vehicle market [20] Corporate Tax Changes 13. **Lower Corporate Alternative Minimum Tax**: The final version of OBBB includes exceptions for domestic oil and gas companies regarding the 15% tax floor introduced by Biden's IRA [21] Other Important but Overlooked Content - The bill's provisions for student loan repayment and immigration changes could reshape labor dynamics and educational enrollment, potentially impacting the workforce in the long term [14] This summary encapsulates the key points discussed in the conference call regarding the implications of the OBBB on various sectors and the broader economic landscape.

Core Insights - Artificial intelligence (AI) is a strategic technology driving the current technological revolution and industrial transformation, showcasing significant potential to alter production and lifestyle, as well as reshape the global economic landscape [2] - The AI industry in China is rapidly developing, with the core industry scale approaching 600 billion yuan by 2024, indicating a robust ecosystem encompassing foundational hardware and software, key technology research, and industry applications [2] - AI presents a dual-edged sword effect, driving economic growth while also introducing complex, unpredictable risks due to its unique characteristics, including systemic integration, cross-domain diffusion, value sensitivity, and dynamic adaptability [2][3] Industry Characteristics - The systemic nature of AI means it is deeply embedded in complex socio-economic networks, leading to widespread impacts [2] - AI technologies can quickly spread defects or ethical issues across different domains, potentially causing chain reactions [2] - The reliance on data and algorithms in AI decision-making can lead to hidden biases and ethical violations in critical areas [2] - Continuous learning and evolution of AI models can result in unpredictable risk developments beyond initial expectations [2] Governance Challenges - Traditional governance approaches may fail in managing AI due to its dynamic decision-making capabilities, necessitating a balance between risk control and innovation facilitation [4] - The complexity of AI governance involves reconciling multiple, often conflicting objectives, such as ensuring safety while promoting technological advancement [4] - The World Economic Forum's 2024 Global Risks Report identifies AI-generated misinformation as a top global risk, highlighting concerns over its potential to exacerbate global tensions [4] Global Governance Approaches - The governance of AI has become a strategic battleground among major powers, with the U.S., EU, and China adopting distinct governance models [5][6] - The U.S. favors a "light regulation" approach, emphasizing innovation and market-driven solutions while maintaining a focus on high-risk scenarios [5] - The EU adopts a "strong regulation" model centered on protecting individual rights and establishing clear compliance obligations, aiming to set a global benchmark for AI governance [6] - China is developing a comprehensive governance framework that includes ethical guidelines and regulatory measures across the AI lifecycle, emphasizing a balance between safety and development [7] Future Considerations - The effectiveness of different governance models will depend on various factors, including technological breakthroughs, application efficacy, and the evolving industrial ecosystem [8] - The ultimate goal of AI governance should be to serve humanity's long-term interests, ensuring dignity, fairness, safety, and control over one's destiny while leveraging AI's potential for societal progress [8][9]

Group 1 - The 17th BRICS summit opened in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, focusing on six key topics: global health, trade investment and development financing, climate change response, artificial intelligence governance, global security architecture reform, and BRICS mechanism construction [1] - The U.S. President Trump signed the "Big and Beautiful" tax and spending bill, which was passed by the House of Representatives with a vote of 218 to 214 [1] - India plans to impose retaliatory tariffs on the U.S. in response to increased tariffs on automobiles and parts, which have affected its exports [1] Group 2 - South Korean President Lee Jae-myung approved the first supplementary budget of the new government, which will provide up to 550,000 KRW in consumer vouchers to citizens [2] - Germany's factory orders decreased by 1.4% month-on-month in May, marking the first decline in four months, attributed to increased trade and geopolitical uncertainties [2] Group 3 - U.S. stock markets were closed for a holiday on Friday [3] Group 4 - COMEX gold futures rose by 0.11% to $3,346.5 per ounce, while COMEX silver futures increased by 0.14% to $37.135 per ounce [4] Group 5 - U.S. oil main contract fell by 0.75% to $66.5 per barrel, and Brent oil main contract decreased by 0.42% to $68.51 per barrel [5] - The U.S. dollar index declined by 0.13% to 96.99, with the euro rising by 0.17% against the dollar to 1.1777 [5]

Group 1 - The 17th BRICS Summit officially opened in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on July 6, focusing on "strengthening cooperation among the Global South to promote more inclusive and sustainable global governance" [1] - The summit will address six key topics, including global health, trade investment and development financing, climate change response, artificial intelligence governance, reform of the global security architecture, and the development of the BRICS mechanism itself [1]

Group 1 - The upcoming BRICS summit in Rio de Janeiro will focus on strengthening cooperation among Global South countries and promoting inclusive and sustainable governance [1][2] - The BRICS group has expanded to include Indonesia and ten partner countries, enhancing its representation and influence on the international stage [2][3] - BRICS countries account for over half of the world's population and nearly 30% of the global economy, with a projected GDP growth rate of 4% in 2024, surpassing the global average of 3.3% [2][3] Group 2 - Brazil, as the rotating chair, has identified six priority areas for BRICS cooperation, including global health, trade and investment, climate change, AI governance, multilateralism, and security architecture reform [3][6] - The BRICS mechanism provides a platform for Southern countries to voice their concerns and collaborate on issues like climate change and sustainable development [3][6] - The BRICS cooperation is seen as a response to rising unilateralism and protectionism, aiming to promote multilateralism and equitable global governance [6][7] Group 3 - China plays a crucial role in the BRICS mechanism, advocating for open and inclusive cooperation and driving the expansion of the group [7][8] - Initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative and the establishment of the New Development Bank in Shanghai are pivotal in enhancing cooperation among BRICS and other developing countries [7][8] - The concept of a community with a shared future for mankind proposed by China is viewed as a guiding principle for BRICS nations, fostering a collaborative global governance approach [8]

Group 1 - The third World SME Conference and the second Scientific Entrepreneur Forum were launched in Beijing, focusing on the theme "Green Resilience and Digital Symbiosis: The Power of SMEs in Restructuring Global Supply Chains" [1] - SMEs account for over two-thirds of global enterprises but face challenges such as financing difficulties and limited access to technology [1] - The former Vice Minister of Finance, Zhu Guangyao, highlighted the complex international situation by 2025, including potential high tariffs, intensified geopolitical conflicts, and disruptions in the international financial order [1] Group 2 - The National People's Congress Standing Committee member, Weng Jieming, emphasized five measures to support SMEs in integrating into the global supply chain restructuring, including detailed fiscal and tax policies, expanding structural loan scales, and enhancing government guarantee systems [2] - The conference discussed the importance of digitalization and green technology, with the UN's Director of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs stating that China's SMEs demonstrate that green and digital development are complementary [2] - The conference aims to promote deep cooperation among global SMEs in supply chain restructuring, digital transformation, and green innovation, helping SMEs break regional boundaries and integrate into the global value chain [3]