当前全球贸易身处保护主义的漩涡，如何捍卫多边主义、与不确定性共存，成为论坛的一大讨论方向。 第73届联合国大会主席、厄瓜多尔前外长玛丽亚.费尔南达.埃斯皮诺萨(María Fernanda Espinosa Garcés) 在接受21世纪经济报道记者采访时，强调了开展国际贸易的重要性，"一些国家声称国家利益至上，但 现实表明，国家之间的相互依存程度日益加深。每个国家都需要其他国家来满足自身的需求。这需要合 作，需要互动。" 而在贸易保护主义抬头的背景下，埃斯皮诺萨仍坚信世界贸易组织、世界银行等多边机构对世界经济运 行的必要性，"但是我们需要对国际金融体系进行深刻改革，让发展中国家在全球经济格局的塑造中拥 有更大的发言权和影响力。" 埃斯皮诺萨于2018年至2019年间担任联合国大会主席，是历史上第四位女性联大主席，也是第一位来自 拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的联大主席。埃斯皮诺萨曾两度担任厄瓜多尔外交部长，并出任国防部长。2008 年，她成为首位担任厄瓜多尔常驻联合国纽约总部代表的女性。 南方财经21世纪经济报道记者赖镇桃广州报道 12月1日至3日，由澳中友好交流协会、中国人民对外友好协会、广东省人民政府和世界领袖联 ...

就本次峰会，南非提出四大优先事项：加强灾害应对能力、保障低收入国家债务可持续、推动公正的能 源转型和利用关键矿产资源促进实现包容性增长及可持续发展。 作为首次在非洲举行的G20领导人峰会，本次会议承载着这片大陆乃至全球的期待。拉马福萨表示，峰 会必须体现非洲和世界人民的愿景，"我们不能允许任何因素削弱首个非洲G20(轮值)主席国的意义与影 响"。他强调，本次峰会肩负着维护G20公信力和完整性的重大责任。(完) 他指出，G20议题已从最初聚焦宏观经济，逐渐拓展至贸易、可持续发展、健康、教育、科技、农业、 能源与气候变化等多个领域。各领域进展都是实现强劲、可持续、平衡和包容增长的必要条件。 为贯彻G20成立初衷，南非将主题设定为"团结、平等、可持续"。拉马福萨强调，通过团结，我们能够 创造一个包容的未来；通过推动平等，确保所有国家与个人都能获得公平对待与平等机遇；可持续发展 则要求在满足当代需求的同时，不损害下一代的未来。 作为G20创始成员之一，南非一直推动非洲及全球南方的关切在G20议程中得到牢固而长久地的体现。 拉马福萨指出，这不仅对非洲与全球南方至关重要，也对全球稳定与安全、资源压力缓解、人口迁移管 理和 ...

Core Viewpoint - The African Union (AU) emphasizes the need for global South countries to not only be present but also to voice their interests in the evolving international order, advocating for fair representation and equal development rights [1][2]. Group 1: International Order and Representation - The current international order is undergoing significant changes, with a shift in economic activity towards the global South, making Africa's voice crucial in these transformations [1][2]. - The AU's recent invitation to join the G20 symbolizes a broader representation for Africa in multilateral systems, enhancing the continent's influence and voice on the global stage [2]. Group 2: Role of Media and Think Tanks - Media plays a vital role in fostering mutual understanding and cooperation between Africa and China, enabling better storytelling and showcasing collaborative efforts [1][2]. - Think tanks are essential in policy discussions, and their collaboration with media can create a powerful force to unify various stakeholders towards common development goals [2]. Group 3: Multilateral Institutions and Development - There is a need to reassess the intentions and benefit structures of international institutions to ensure that the voices of the global South are genuinely heard [3]. - The current international financial system often limits the development space for developing countries, as many rules were not designed with their needs in mind [2][3]. Group 4: Cooperation between Africa and China - The partnership between Africa and China is based on unity and mutual respect, leading to extensive cooperation in trade, infrastructure, technology, public health, education, and cultural exchanges [3].

Core Points - The article discusses President Trump's announcement that no U.S. officials will attend the upcoming G20 summit in South Africa, reversing his earlier statement that Vice President Pence would represent the U.S. [2][3] - Trump criticized South Africa, claiming human rights violations against white farmers, without providing evidence, and stated that U.S. representation would not occur as long as these issues persist [3][4] - South African officials expressed disappointment over Trump's decision and reiterated their stance against claims of oppression of white farmers, emphasizing their experience in addressing global divisions [7][8] Group 1 - Trump announced that no U.S. officials will attend the G20 summit in South Africa, which is scheduled for November 22-23 [2][3] - The South African government expressed regret over Trump's decision and aims for the summit to achieve consensus on reforming the international financial system [7][8] - South African President Cyril Ramaphosa highlighted the summit's focus on unity, equality, and sustainability, aiming to strengthen multilateral financial institutions [7][8] Group 2 - Trump's previous comments included accusations against South Africa regarding land and Israel policies, leading to strained relations between the two countries [5][6] - The U.S. has cut aid to South Africa, citing human rights concerns related to land expropriation laws, and has offered refugee status to South African whites [5][6] - South Africa's government is confident in the preparations for the G20 summit, believing it will boost economic demand and create jobs [8]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the rise of the Global South and the need for developing countries to participate equally in global governance decisions [1][2] - The reform of the international financial system is lagging and does not reflect the significant changes in the global economic landscape, with support for adjustments in IMF quotas and World Bank equity reviews [1] - The UN Security Council has failed to effectively respond to major crises, and there is a call for reforms to increase the representation and voice of developing countries, particularly addressing African demands [1] Group 2 - The Global South is seen as a key player in the transformation of global governance, with upcoming major events hosted by South Africa, Brazil, and Qatar [2] - China expresses full support for Southern countries in hosting these events, contributing to global governance from a Southern perspective [2] - The initiative aligns with global needs and reflects the direction of public sentiment towards more inclusive governance [3]

Group 1 - The core message emphasizes the need for international cooperation to achieve sustainable development goals, as highlighted by Secretary-General Guterres during the Global Development Initiative High-Level Meeting [1] - The global development landscape is facing severe challenges, including fiscal constraints, geopolitical tensions, unilateral trade measures, and climate risks, leading to a fragile economic outlook [2] - The COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact economic recovery, with many economies experiencing weak growth and insufficient investment, exacerbating inequality and poverty [2] Group 2 - The "Seville Commitment" established at the Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development provides a comprehensive framework to bridge the $4 trillion financing gap for sustainable development [3] - There is a critical need to implement the agreement into actionable steps, such as expanding concessional financing and reforming the international financial system to better reflect the needs of developing countries [3] - Guterres calls for increased participation of developing countries in capital and decision-making processes to achieve a fair global financial architecture [3] Group 3 - The Global Development Initiative aligns closely with sustainable development goals, particularly in poverty eradication, food security, climate change response, and promoting inclusive growth [4] - Guterres praises China's proposed mechanisms to enhance the initiative's effectiveness and urges countries to revitalize cooperation to advance the 2030 sustainable development agenda [4] - A call for reaffirming multilateralism based on unity and results, leveraging the UN Charter and the Global Development Initiative to build an inclusive, resilient, and sustainable future for all [4]

Group 1: Key Points from the Forum - The 19th Lujiazui Forum highlighted the importance of global financial governance, high-level financial openness, and the integration of capital markets with technological and industrial innovation [1] - The People's Bank of China announced eight policy measures to be implemented in Shanghai, aimed at enhancing the international status of the RMB and leveraging technology for financial innovation [1] - The financial regulatory authorities expressed a commitment to adapting to changes in the global economic and financial order, promoting a more inclusive international monetary and financial system [1] Group 2: Financial Regulatory Insights - The head of the Financial Regulatory Bureau emphasized the inevitability of economic globalization and the necessity of expanding financial openness, particularly in sectors like consumer finance, technology finance, and green finance [2] - A joint action plan to support the construction of Shanghai as an international financial center was released, which is expected to elevate the city's financial status [2] Group 3: Capital Market Developments - The Chairman of the Securities Regulatory Commission proposed enhancing the capital market's role in addressing the shortcomings of the current financial service system in supporting technological innovation and industrial transformation [3] - Key reforms include the introduction of the "1+6" reform measures for the Sci-Tech Innovation Board and the activation of a third set of standards for the Growth Enterprise Market, aimed at supporting high-quality, unprofitable innovative companies [3] Group 4: Foreign Exchange Management Initiatives - The head of the Foreign Exchange Administration indicated a commitment to deepening reforms in the foreign exchange sector, aiming to create a more convenient, open, secure, and intelligent foreign exchange management system [4] - Proposed measures include facilitating cross-border investment and financing, as well as implementing a package of foreign exchange innovation policies in pilot free trade zones [4]

Market Performance - US stock markets experienced a significant rally, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average rising over 1000 points, an increase of 2.79%, and the Nasdaq Composite gaining over 4% [2][3] - Chinese concept stocks also performed strongly, with the Nasdaq China Golden Dragon Index increasing by over 4% [1][3] Economic Commentary - US President Trump acknowledged that the 145% tariffs on China are high, indicating that tariffs will significantly decrease after a trade agreement is reached, but will not drop to zero [1][6] - US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent stated that the current situation resembles a trade embargo, emphasizing that the US does not aim to decouple from China and that a comprehensive agreement could be reached within two to three years [1][6] International Financial System Insights - Bessent highlighted the imbalances in the international economic system, attributing the US's long-term trade deficits to policies from other countries that have harmed US manufacturing and disrupted supply chains [8][9] - He criticized the IMF for focusing too much on non-core issues like climate change and social problems, suggesting it should return to its primary mission of promoting international monetary cooperation and balanced trade growth [9] Recommendations for Financial Institutions - Bessent proposed that the World Bank should refocus on its original mission of aiding economic development and poverty reduction in developing countries, suggesting a "graduation policy" to stop lending to countries that have met certain standards [9]