"我不太喜欢'精英'（elite）这个词，它给人的印象是，这是一个与社会其他部分分隔开的独立群 体。"近日，巴黎政治大学（巴政）校长瓦熙（Luis Vassy）对智通财经（www.thepaper.cn）表示，他真 正喜欢的词是"卓越"（excellence），"这是一种承诺，为自己和他人尽最大努力做到最好。我认为，这 种精神最终会减少社会的分裂。" 巴黎政治大学校长瓦熙 成立于1872年的巴黎政治大学，先后培养出包括现任总统马克龙在内的数十位法国国家元首，被认为 是"法国社会精英的摇篮"。瓦熙也是该校的毕业生，和马克龙是国立行政学院的同学。 智通财经：让我们先从你的职业生涯开始。你曾在法国外交部担任顾问，并担任了两任外长科隆纳和塞 茹尔内的幕僚长，现在出任巴黎政治大学校长。外交领域的工作经历如何影响了你现在教育领域的工 作？两个领域的工作有什么异同？ 瓦熙：两份工作主要的相似之处是，要有远见和战略头脑，努力知道自己的长远目标，同时确保所有的 短期、日常决策与长期、整体战略相一致。 另一点，外交和高等教育都受到国际环境的影响。作为大学，我们的职责之一是确保跨国背景下的人际 交流，以及大学、国家之间的思想传递。 ...

Group 1 - The visit of King Felipe VI of Spain to China from November 10 to 13 marks the first state visit to China since his ascension to the throne and the first by a Spanish king in 18 years, indicating a significant diplomatic engagement between the two nations [1][2] - The visit includes participation in the China-Spain Economic and Trade Forum in Chengdu, followed by meetings in Beijing where several political and economic cooperation agreements are expected to be signed [1][2] - The choice of Chengdu as the starting point for the visit reflects a strategic decision by both governments, highlighting the establishment of a new consulate in the city and increased direct flight connections between Chengdu and Madrid [1] Group 2 - The visit is part of a broader effort to enhance Spain-China relations, with Spain aiming to promote its businesses in China while strengthening political ties without deviating from its EU stance [2] - Expected agreements during the visit may cover various sectors, including agricultural products and cultural exchanges, with a focus on Spanish language education in China and cooperation in marine sciences [2] - Spain's approach to maintaining independent foreign policy amidst global tensions aligns with the EU's advocacy for multilateralism, positioning Spain as a key player in fostering stable relations with China [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significant shift in Europe's stance regarding the Russia-Ukraine conflict, moving from aggressive support for Ukraine to advocating for peace negotiations, highlighting the economic pressures that have influenced this change [1][5][6]. Economic Impact - The economic strain on Europe has been severe, with natural gas prices soaring tenfold and inflation rates in France and the UK reaching alarming levels, leading to public protests over rising living costs [3]. - By mid-2025, the EU's total aid to Ukraine reached an astonishing €169 billion, with Germany contributing €17 billion, surpassing the US's aid of €114 billion, indicating Europe's unexpected role as the largest financial supporter of Ukraine [3]. Political Shift - In August 2025, 26 EU countries and the UK issued a rare joint statement calling for an immediate unconditional ceasefire for 30 days, reflecting a newfound urgency to end the conflict despite still emphasizing the need to prevent Russian success [5]. - The EU has begun utilizing frozen Russian assets to fund aid to Ukraine, indicating a shift from broad financial support to more strategic and limited assistance, demonstrating a pragmatic approach to the ongoing crisis [5]. Strategic Realignment - The article notes a growing realization among European nations that they cannot rely solely on the US for security, prompting calls for greater European strategic autonomy, as seen in France's push for domestic defense procurement and Germany's shift away from US military systems [6][8]. - The current European approach of advocating for dialogue and political solutions mirrors China's long-standing position, suggesting a broader recognition of the value of diplomacy over confrontation [8].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the implications of energy independence and security for the European Union (EU), emphasizing the challenges posed by geopolitical conflicts and internal disparities among member states in achieving a sustainable energy policy [1][4]. Group 1: Energy Policy and Strategic Autonomy - The EU's strategic autonomy relies heavily on an independent and sustainable energy policy, which is crucial for economic development and international cooperation [1][4]. - The EU plans to purchase $750 billion worth of U.S. natural gas, oil, and nuclear products by 2028, highlighting the importance of natural gas in the energy structure and its role in the EU's re-industrialization efforts [1]. Group 2: Energy Transition Challenges - The EU has accelerated its energy transition policies due to the Ukraine crisis and the need for green industrial development, recognizing the importance of energy security for policy independence [2]. - There are significant internal disparities among EU member states regarding energy transition, with Eastern European countries like Poland being resistant due to their reliance on coal and traditional oil and gas resources [3]. Group 3: Market Dynamics and Price Influences - Geopolitical conflicts, particularly the ongoing Ukraine crisis, have significantly impacted European natural gas prices, with recent expectations of Russian gas returning to Europe leading to price drops [1][3]. - The EU's energy supply diversification efforts have been challenged by the recent winter's gas supply tightness, with storage utilization dropping below 35%, necessitating high levels of gas imports despite elevated global prices [3].

Group 1 - European countries are increasingly opposing the U.S. under Trump's leadership, particularly regarding Ukraine aid and trade tariffs, indicating a shift in their historical alignment with the U.S. [2][4] - Since the onset of the Ukraine conflict in 2022, Europe has invested over €1 trillion in aid, with major contributions from Germany, France, and the UK, while the EU has frozen over €300 billion of Russian assets to support Ukraine [4][8] - The current European leaders are primarily left-leaning and fear losing their positions due to Trump's potential influence and support for right-wing parties in Europe [5][6] Group 2 - Trump's administration threatens to cut aid to Ukraine, which directly conflicts with Europe's commitment to support Ukraine, prompting a unified response from European leaders [4][9] - European leaders are reacting to their declining popularity and the rise of right-wing parties, leading them to band together to maintain their power and oppose Trump's policies [8][12] - The ongoing trade tensions, including tariffs on European goods, have escalated into a trade war, with Europe retaliating against U.S. products, further straining transatlantic relations [11][12] Group 3 - The geopolitical landscape is shifting, with a potential split in the West as European leaders align against Trump's Republican influence, while the Democratic Party continues to support them [9][11] - The situation presents an opportunity for Russia and China, as the U.S. and Europe become preoccupied with internal conflicts, potentially benefiting from the division [12]

Group 1 - The core point of the article is that French President Macron has successfully convened a significant meeting of nearly 30 European leaders to discuss military support for Ukraine, with 26 countries committing to send peacekeeping forces after a ceasefire [1] - The meeting highlights France's ambition to lead Europe and its efforts to promote European strategic autonomy, reducing reliance on the United States [1] - Macron's announcement marks a historic decision that enhances his political career and reinforces France's status as a traditional European power [1] Group 2 - Russia's response to the military deployment plan from the 26 European countries is swift and assertive, with Kremlin spokesperson Peskov stating that any foreign troops in Ukraine will be seen as a direct threat to national security [5] - President Putin has warned that all foreign troops in Ukraine will become legitimate targets for the Russian military, indicating a serious escalation in rhetoric [5] - Despite facing significant pressure from Western sanctions and military support for Ukraine, Russia maintains a strong military capability, which poses a challenge to the European coalition [8] Group 3 - The absence of direct U.S. involvement in the European coalition significantly diminishes its deterrent effect, as many of the 26 countries have limited military capabilities [10] - Internal divisions within the volunteer alliance regarding troop deployment are evident, with major countries like Germany, Italy, and Poland opposing direct military intervention [10] - The actual military support is likely to come primarily from the UK and France, with limited troop numbers available for deployment to Ukraine [12] Group 4 - Russia possesses a large military force, with over a million troops and thousands of tanks and artillery pieces, which could easily overpower the European coalition if engaged [14] - Macron's emphasis on sending troops only after a ceasefire suggests a preference for political rather than military influence in Ukraine [14] - Russia is unlikely to tolerate the presence of European troops in Ukraine, viewing it as a direct threat to its security and interests [15]

意大利总理梅洛尼近日一针见血地指出：\"在中美两大强权的角力场中，欧洲正逐渐丧失竞争力，甚至失去了谈判桌上的席位。\"这番言论虽然刺耳，却精 准戳中了当前欧洲面临的战略困境。但更值得深思的是：为何曾经的世界中心会沦落至此？是经济总量不足？法国仍保持着全球第七大经济体的地位；是军 事实力不济？英国\"伊丽莎白女王号\"航母战斗群仍在各大洋游弋；是科技水平断层？德国的工业4.0和法国的核能技术依然领先。深层症结在于，其政治领 导力的系统性衰退已到了令人震惊的程度。 0 o o 0 : 0 t Quit 0 0 0 0 1 = 0 0 0 0 1 0 10 0 9 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 10000 0 : 0 : 0 : 0 0000 1.0 00 0 0 0 0 . 0000 0 : 0 0 9 . 0 0 di 欧洲领导人的清醒认知：地缘政治博弈中欧洲正沦为\"旁观者\" 这种病变的根源在于：欧洲的决策机制已陷入多重瘫痪。欧盟27国的\"全体一致\"表决制度使任何重大决策都举步维艰；美国资本控制的媒体网络持续输出 价值观议题；民众被身份政治分化，热衷于争论性别厕所而非产业政策。结果就是明知不可为而为之 ...

Group 1 - The warning from French Chief of Staff Burkhard highlights Europe's potential decline in the face of great power competition, indicating that Europe may become "table scraps" in geopolitical struggles [1] - The U.S. withdrawal from its protective role has left Europe in a state of confusion, as NATO's requirement for increased military spending to 2% of GDP puts financial pressure on European nations [3][6] - The military pressure from Russia, particularly its capabilities in Ukraine and energy leverage, poses a significant threat to European security [4][6] Group 2 - China's economic penetration through initiatives like the Belt and Road has raised concerns about Europe's industrial competitiveness and political decision-making [4] - The threats from North Korea and Iran further complicate Europe's security landscape, with North Korea gaining modern warfare experience and Iran's actions destabilizing energy routes [4] - Europe's internal fragmentation, characterized by defense system incompatibility and rising far-right political movements, exacerbates its vulnerability in the face of external challenges [5][6] Group 3 - The metaphor by Blinken, "not at the table, then on the menu," encapsulates Europe's diminishing role as a rule-maker and its current precarious position [8] - To regain agency, Europe must shift from reliance on U.S. military support to investing in its own defense industry and seek cooperation in areas like climate change and global governance [8] - The decline of Europe serves as a reminder that no power is permanent, and without a transition to strategic autonomy and internal unity, the warnings of Burkhard may materialize [8]

Group 1 - The article discusses Europe's diminished role in global diplomacy, particularly during the Helsinki summit where the U.S. and Russia engaged without European involvement [1][3][5] - The lack of unity among European nations is highlighted, with countries like Poland aligning closely with the U.S., undermining calls for European strategic autonomy [5][9] - The energy dependency of Europe on the U.S. is emphasized, particularly regarding the Nord Stream 2 project, which was halted due to U.S. sanctions, leading to increased energy costs for Germany [7][9] Group 2 - The rise of populist movements in Europe post-Helsinki summit reflects growing discontent, but these movements face suppression and labeling as pro-Russian, limiting their impact [7][9] - The economic repercussions of EU sanctions on Russia are discussed, particularly how they have adversely affected Southern European countries like Italy, which saw a nearly 20% drop in exports [9] - The article concludes with a note on Europe's declining global economic share, dropping from 25% to below 18% over the past two decades, indicating a weakening international influence [10]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent visit of Ukrainian President Zelensky to Brussels, where he coordinated negotiation positions with EU leaders regarding the ongoing conflict with Russia and the upcoming talks with the US [3][4]. Group 1: EU's Position on Ukraine - EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen emphasized several core positions of the EU regarding the Russia-Ukraine conflict, including welcoming Ukraine's EU membership as a form of security assurance and ensuring that Ukraine's international borders are not violated [3]. - Von der Leyen stated that issues of Ukrainian sovereignty and territory should be decided by Ukraine itself, and EU member states will continue to strengthen sanctions against Russia [3]. - The EU aims to provide ongoing support to Ukraine throughout the conflict resolution process [3]. Group 2: Zelensky's Stance - President Zelensky asserted that territorial issues must be resolved through direct negotiations between the leaders of Russia and Ukraine, and Ukraine will not relinquish any territory [3]. - He also indicated that a ceasefire remains a necessary prerequisite for initiating peace talks [3]. Group 3: European Leaders' Concerns - European leaders accompanying Zelensky to the US aim to prevent further marginalization of European countries and Ukraine in US-Russia negotiations [4]. - There is a concern in Brussels that if they are absent from key dialogues, Europe's influence on the war's outcome and the restructuring of security architecture will diminish [4]. - Von der Leyen's statements reflect the EU's efforts to stabilize Ukraine through institutional commitments and to prevent its isolation in the US-Russia power dynamics [4].