深入开展系统修复治理。生态修复注重整体功能的恢复改善，以生物多样性为目标，强化栖息地构 建联通，健全典型生态系统分区分类修复机制，因地制宜实施差异化治理。污染治理注重陆海统筹，持 续推动入海河流、排污口、入海垃圾等污染协同治理，探索建立海洋垃圾整治长效机制。 作为地球上最大的生态系统，海洋对于维持生态平衡、调节全球气候等发挥的作用不可替代，保护 海洋生态环境对人类可持续发展意义深远。《2025中国海洋发展指数报告》显示，2024年，中国海洋发 展指数为129.7，比上年增长2.9%；全国海洋生产总值首次突破10万亿元，比上年增长5.9%，海洋经济 稳中向好。作为海洋开发利用的前提，保护海洋生态环境为海洋发展稳中提质夯实了基础。 一直以来，我国高度重视海洋生态环境保护。从颁布实施海洋环境保护法到前后4次修法，我国海 洋生态环境治理逐步向陆海统筹、综合治理转变。同其他国家或地区相比，我国海洋治理顶层设计呈现 出系统性特征。其一，强化规划引领。《"十四五"海洋生态环境保护规划》和国土空间规划分别搭建形 成"国家、省、市、海湾"的治理层级和岸线、海域、海岛等不同类型海洋空间的规划体系。其二，系统 实施保护工程。《全国 ...

作为地球上最大的生态系统，海洋对于维持生态平衡、调节全球气候等发挥的作用不可替代，保护 海洋生态环境对人类可持续发展意义深远。《2025中国海洋发展指数报告》显示，2024年，中国海洋发 展指数为129.7，比上年增长2.9%；全国海洋生产总值首次突破10万亿元，比上年增长5.9%，海洋经济 稳中向好。作为海洋开发利用的前提，保护海洋生态环境为海洋发展稳中提质夯实了基础。 一直以来，我国高度重视海洋生态环境保护。从颁布实施海洋环境保护法到前后4次修法，我国海 洋生态环境治理逐步向陆海统筹、综合治理转变。同其他国家或地区相比，我国海洋治理顶层设计呈现 出系统性特征。其一，强化规划引领。《"十四五"海洋生态环境保护规划》和国土空间规划分别搭建形 成"国家、省、市、海湾"的治理层级和岸线、海域、海岛等不同类型海洋空间的规划体系。其二，系统 实施保护工程。《全国重要生态系统保护和修复重大工程总体规划(2021—2035年)》提出6项海岸带生 态保护和修复重点工程，要求推进"蓝色海湾"整治，开展退围还海还滩、岸线岸滩修复等工程建设。其 三，系统开展污染治理。海洋治理"问题在海里，根子在岸上"。在抓好重点海域治理的同时， ...

Core Insights - The establishment of the Jiaodong Peninsula Marine Monitoring Base in Qingdao marks a significant advancement in marine ecological environment protection, providing strong support for the development of a modern marine city [1][2][3] Group 1: National Strategy and Collaboration - The base will operate on three dimensions: serving national strategies, supporting the construction of beautiful bays, and creating a model for central-local collaborative development [2] - It will undertake national-level tasks such as monitoring controlled marine areas, researching marine carbon sinks, and studying new pollutants through a central-local co-construction mechanism [2] Group 2: Technological Innovation and Capacity Building - The base will focus on marine biodiversity protection and employ advanced technologies like environmental DNA monitoring and biological mapping to innovate an ecological health evaluation system for the bay area [2] - The Qingdao Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, with over 40 years of marine monitoring experience, will complete a 1,000 square meter specialized marine monitoring laboratory in 2024, enhancing capabilities in various cutting-edge fields [2] Group 3: Research and Development Achievements - The base has already led over 20 national-level projects, including ecological health assessments of Jiaozhou Bay, and collaborates with institutions like Ocean University of China to form an integrated monitoring system [3] - Qingdao aims to enhance its marine ecological environment monitoring research capabilities by focusing on technology enhancement, talent cultivation, and industry empowerment [3]

Core Insights - The Supreme People's Court emphasizes the modernization of maritime trials to support the construction of a maritime power, highlighting the significant role of maritime courts in resolving international maritime disputes over the past 40 years [1][3] Group 1: Maritime Dispute Resolution - Since the establishment of the first maritime courts in 1984, a total of 88,000 foreign-related maritime cases have been accepted, involving 146 countries and regions [1][3] - The Supreme People's Court has asserted judicial jurisdiction over cases occurring in China's maritime areas since 2016, reinforcing territorial sovereignty and maritime rights [1] Group 2: Support for Maritime Economic Development - From 2013 onwards, the courts have adjudicated over 300,000 cases related to maritime cargo transportation, maritime insurance, ship collisions, and shipbuilding, as well as 27,000 inland waterway disputes, effectively regulating the shipping market and promoting shipbuilding industry development [2] - The courts have handled over 5,600 cases related to port operations and terminal construction, providing timely guidelines to mitigate litigation risks associated with the development of world-class ports [2] Group 3: Environmental Protection and Legal Framework - The maritime courts have resolved 1,743 cases related to oil pollution from the American company ConocoPhillips and other significant international oil pollution damage cases, enhancing coordination with various agencies to protect the marine ecological environment [3] - Since the joint release of judicial interpretations on marine public interest litigation in 2022, maritime courts have adjudicated 179 cases related to marine ecological environment protection, addressing illegal activities that harm the marine environment [3]

Core Viewpoint - The construction of beautiful bays is a key component of the "Beautiful China" initiative, aimed at enhancing marine ecological environments and supporting the development of a marine strong country [1][6]. Group 1: Beautiful Bay Construction Goals - The government plans to promote the construction of beautiful bays during the "14th Five-Year Plan" and "15th Five-Year Plan," with a focus on achieving breakthroughs in various coastal areas [1][6]. - Beautiful bays are defined as those meeting the criteria of "clear water, clean beaches, abundant wildlife, and harmonious human-sea relationships," providing quality ecological products to meet public needs [1][2]. Group 2: Implementation and Evaluation Framework - A comprehensive system for beautiful bay construction has been established, with clear goals and a framework for evaluation, including five basic indicators and a plan to create over 110 beautiful bays by 2027 [2][3]. - The evaluation framework is structured as "5+3+X," which will guide the assessment and management of beautiful bay projects [2]. Group 3: Regional Examples and Innovations - Xiamen has achieved full coverage in marine debris management and has improved water quality through land-sea collaborative governance [5]. - Jiangsu's Dafeng has implemented an "ecology + agriculture" model for ecological restoration, promoting sustainable practices and carbon credit financing [5]. - In Shandong's Wangou Bay, resource enhancement measures have attracted nearly 400 marine species, increasing production by 30% and carbon sequestration by 115,000 tons [5]. Group 4: Challenges and Future Directions - The marine environment faces challenges such as overfishing, pollution, and climate change, necessitating ongoing efforts in ecological protection and restoration [6]. - The government will continue to refine the beautiful bay construction strategy, focusing on tailored approaches and effective management to achieve sustainable development [6][7].

Core Viewpoint - The 2025 Marine Protection Conference emphasizes the need for collective action from society to address severe challenges facing marine ecosystems, including overfishing, pollution, and rising sea levels [1][2]. Group 1: Marine Environmental Challenges - The marine ecosystem is severely damaged, posing direct threats to human survival and development [2]. - Current measures have led to historical changes in marine ecological environment, but significant issues remain, such as high pollution levels in certain coastal areas and the instability of existing remediation efforts [1][5]. - The "Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework" aims for 30% of marine areas to be effectively protected by 2030, but progress is slow, with only 9.7% expected to be protected [2]. Group 2: Government Initiatives and Achievements - From 2016 to 2023, the central government invested 25.258 billion yuan in 175 major marine ecological protection projects across 11 coastal provinces, restoring nearly 1,680 kilometers of coastline and over 750,000 acres of coastal wetlands [5]. - The overall water quality of nearshore marine areas remains stable, with 83.7% classified as good quality [5]. - The government aims for 83% of nearshore water quality to be good by 2027 and to establish a "harmonious human-water" beautiful bay by 2035 [5]. Group 3: Collaborative Efforts and Future Directions - The conference calls for a comprehensive governance framework that integrates land and sea management, regional collaboration, and departmental coordination [6]. - Emphasis is placed on enhancing marine ecological culture and legal frameworks to support sustainable marine development [6]. - The development of green industries along the coast is encouraged to support the transition to sustainable marine resource utilization [7].

Group 1 - The Ningbo-Zhoushan Port is experiencing significant activity, with a focus on the progress of an intelligent parking project and infrastructure construction, which faced delays due to land acquisition and approval processes [1] - The local disciplinary inspection and supervision authorities are actively addressing administrative bottlenecks to optimize the port city's layout and support the development of a modern port [1] - Emphasis is placed on the high-quality development of the marine economy, with a commitment to political supervision in key areas related to marine economic development [1] Group 2 - The establishment of an internationally influential shipping center is identified as a key element in developing the marine economy, with ongoing supervision of major projects at the Shanghai International Shipping Center [2] - The Shanghai disciplinary inspection team is focusing on 14 key supervision items related to marine industry development, ensuring accountability and task clarity among responsible parties [2] - Technological innovation is highlighted as a core driver for high-quality marine economic development, with oversight on the implementation of marine research policies and funding usage [2] Group 3 - In Qingdao, the local disciplinary inspection authorities are engaging with research institutions to address urgent issues in hardware and technology, resulting in the resolution of 31 significant problems [3] - A mechanism has been established to integrate technological breakthroughs with policy support and financial innovation in the marine sector [3] - The Weifang municipal authorities are actively identifying and addressing common technological challenges in the marine industry, creating a list of over 100 issues to tackle [4] Group 4 - The protection of the marine ecological environment is crucial for high-quality marine economic development, with ongoing supervision to ensure accountability in ecological protection efforts [4] - The North Sea City is focusing on the protection of mangrove ecosystems, integrating ecological protection into political supervision and addressing corruption related to environmental issues [4] - The local authorities are implementing measures to enhance the management and restoration of mangrove ecosystems, ensuring compliance with ecological protection standards [4]

Core Viewpoint - China is placing significant emphasis on marine ecological environment protection and promoting green development of the marine economy, aiming to create a harmonious marine ecological environment for humans and nature. Group 1: Marine Ecological Environment Status - The overall status of China's marine ecological environment is stable, with positive trends in typical ecosystems, but challenges remain due to climate change, marine disasters, and coastal erosion [2][4] - By 2024, the proportion of good water quality in nearshore waters is expected to reach 83.7%, an increase of 6.3 percentage points from 2020 [5] Group 2: Policy and Legal Framework - China is enhancing its legal and regulatory framework for marine ecological environment protection, including the revision of the Marine Environmental Protection Law and the establishment of various regulations [3] - The "14th Five-Year" marine ecological environment protection plan has been introduced to strengthen marine spatial planning and ecological protection [3] Group 3: Comprehensive Governance Initiatives - Comprehensive governance efforts are being implemented in key marine areas such as the Bohai Sea, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta, focusing on pollution control and ecological restoration [7][8] - The average concentration of total nitrogen in national control river mouths entering the sea has decreased by 4.1 percentage points year-on-year [8] Group 4: Achievements in Marine Ecological Protection - Significant progress has been made in marine ecological protection, with a 50% reduction in the area of excessive active phosphate in important fishery waters compared to 2020 [5] - The construction of beautiful bays has advanced, with over 110 beautiful bays being developed, and notable achievements in the protection of marine species such as the Chinese white dolphin [5] Group 5: Future Directions and Challenges - Future efforts will focus on further integrating marine ecological protection with economic development, enhancing the efficiency of marine resource utilization, and addressing existing challenges such as pollution and biodiversity loss [15][16] - The need for improved cross-regional and cross-departmental coordination in marine governance is highlighted, along with the importance of public participation in ecological protection [10][16]

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment has made significant progress in marine ecological environment protection and management since the implementation of the "14th Five-Year Plan," focusing on comprehensive governance of key sea areas and the construction of beautiful bays [1][2]. Group 1: Beautiful Bay Construction - The Ministry has expanded the number of key bays under construction from 50 to over 110, implementing a "one bay, one policy" approach [1][2]. - A total of 283 bays have been identified, with 159 bays having specific construction plans in place [1][2]. Group 2: Water Quality Improvement - The proportion of nearshore waters with good quality is projected to reach 83.7% by 2024, an increase of 6.3 percentage points compared to 2020 [2]. - Since 2021, 24 monitored marine ecosystems have eliminated "unhealthy" statuses [2]. Group 3: Pollution Control and Management - The Ministry is focusing on total nitrogen management in rivers flowing into the sea, with average nitrogen concentrations in monitored river sections showing a year-on-year decline [2][3]. - A comprehensive marine garbage cleanup operation has been conducted in 65 adjacent cities, significantly reducing the average coverage of beach litter [2]. Group 4: Regulatory Framework and Mechanisms - The Ministry is revising the Marine Environmental Protection Law to enhance systems for marine garbage management, pollution permits, and ecological damage compensation [3]. - An innovative "Internet + non-site supervision" model has been developed to improve the detection of illegal dumping by utilizing ship automatic identification system (AIS) data [3]. Group 5: Risk Management and Emergency Response - The Ministry has strengthened the identification and management of environmental risks associated with marine activities, focusing on oil terminals, hazardous materials transport, and coastal industrial zones [3].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the improvement in China's coastal water quality, with a target of 83.7% of nearshore waters being of good quality by 2024, an increase of 6.3 percentage points from 2020 [1] - The "Beautiful Bay" initiative is a significant part of the broader "Beautiful China" campaign, focusing on enhancing marine ecological environments, with plans to expand the number of bays under this initiative from 50 to over 110 [1] - As of now, 159 out of 283 bays in China have developed specific plans for the "Beautiful Bay" construction, with 31 exemplary cases identified for replication and promotion [1] Group 2 - The China Coast Guard is leveraging technology to transform its maritime law enforcement, implementing a multi-dimensional monitoring model that includes satellite remote sensing and aerial surveillance [2] - During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, there will be a greater emphasis on enhancing the diversity, stability, and sustainability of marine ecosystems, as well as improving public quality of life and environmental safety [2]