中方在纽约联合国总部宣布，中国在世界贸易组织当前和未来谈判中将不寻求新的特殊和差别待遇。这 一重要宣示回应了国际社会对中国在世界贸易体系中发挥更显著引领作用的期望，在国际舆论中引起广 泛而积极的反响。 从1986年申请"复关"开始，基于自身的经济现实和政治定位，中国一直申明自己是发展中国家。在入世 后参加的各项谈判中，中国坚持与其他发展中国家一起，要求发达国家充分考虑发展中国家的需要，给 予发展中国家适当的特殊和差别待遇。中国的立场为实现平衡的、发展导向的谈判结果作出了重要贡 献。 随着在世界贸易中地位和国际竞争力的持续提升，中国逐步调整对特殊和差别待遇问题的立场，并在世 贸组织成立30年之际，做出不寻求新的特殊和差别待遇的重大决定。实际上，中国此前已经多次主动放 弃特殊和差别待遇，为谈判的顺利完成作出重要贡献。2013年世贸组织部长级会议通过《贸易便利化协 定》，中国发挥表率作用，主动放弃发展中国家保留C类措施的权利，且仅保留4项B类措施，承诺自协 定生效之日起执行大多数义务，不寻求更长的过渡期，接近发达国家的水平。在2022年新冠疫苗知识产 权豁免谈判中，作为疫苗生产和供应大国，中国主动宣布不寻求豁免所提 ...

Core Viewpoint - South Africa will no longer oppose the inclusion of the Investment Facilitation Agreement (IFD Agreement) into the World Trade Organization (WTO) framework, marking a significant shift in its stance [2]. Group 1: Agreement Details - The IFD Agreement, involving 127 member countries, aims to promote investment flows, particularly benefiting developing and least developed countries, and is set to be finalized in February 2024 after six years of negotiations [2]. - Key provisions of the IFD Agreement include simplifying administrative procedures, enhancing transparency, establishing dispute prevention mechanisms, and strengthening capacity building for developing economies [2]. - Approximately three-quarters of the participating countries in the IFD Agreement are developing or least developed countries, with around 30 from Africa [2]. Group 2: South Africa's Position - Initially, South Africa, along with India and Turkey, opposed the formal inclusion of the IFD Agreement into WTO rules, with India still firmly against it [2]. - South Africa and India believe that investment facilitation exceeds the traditional scope of the WTO, which should focus on goods and services trade rather than investment-related issues [2]. - South Africa has maintained communication with the initiators of the agreement since March 2024, indicating a willingness to engage despite previous opposition [2].

Core Insights - China's goods trade import and export reached 33.61 trillion yuan in the first three quarters of this year, showing a year-on-year growth of 4% [1] - Exports amounted to 19.95 trillion yuan, increasing by 7.1%, while imports were 13.66 trillion yuan, slightly decreasing by 0.2% [1] - The growth rate of imports and exports has accelerated quarter by quarter, with a notable 8% increase in September, surpassing market expectations [1] Trade Performance - The export of mechanical and electrical products reached 12.07 trillion yuan, growing by 9.6%, accounting for 60.5% of total exports [1] - High-tech product exports totaled 3.75 trillion yuan, with an 11.9% increase, contributing over 30% to overall export growth [1][2] - The "new three items" and green products, such as railway electric locomotives, have seen double-digit growth [2] Regional Trade Dynamics - Major economic provinces like Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, and Shandong contributed over 80% to national export growth, with a combined increase of 5.2% [2] - The western region's trade maintained strong momentum, with imports and exports reaching 3.21 trillion yuan, a year-on-year growth of 10.2% [2] Market Diversification - Trade with Belt and Road Initiative countries reached 17.37 trillion yuan, growing by 6.2%, accounting for 51.7% of total trade [3] - Exports to ASEAN, Latin America, Africa, and Central Asia grew by 9.6%, 3.9%, 19.5%, and 16.7% respectively [3] - Cross-border e-commerce imports and exports reached 1.37 trillion yuan, increasing by 10.3%, contributing significantly to employment [3] Trade Policy Stance - China has announced it will not seek new special and differential treatment in current and future WTO negotiations, indicating a commitment to open markets and multilateralism [4]

Core Viewpoint - China's announcement to not seek new special and differential treatment in WTO negotiations reflects its commitment to a balanced and fair global trade system, garnering positive reactions from the international community [1][2][5]. Group 1: Special and Differential Treatment - Special and differential treatment (SDT) is a mechanism established to provide developing countries with favorable conditions in trade negotiations, allowing for more flexible policies and longer implementation periods [2][3]. - China, upon joining the WTO in 2001, retained certain SDT privileges, such as a lower commitment on domestic support for agricultural products, which is crucial for its food security [3][4]. - The SDT system is not merely a concession from developed countries but a result of long negotiations, providing developing countries with necessary flexibility to engage in international trade [3][7]. Group 2: China's Current Position - China's recent declaration is a strategic decision to support the multilateral trading system amidst rising protectionism and unilateralism, showcasing its commitment to global trade governance [6][8]. - The decision to forgo new SDT does not affect China's existing rights and privileges as a developing country, nor does it alter its status within the WTO [5][9]. - China emphasizes that its position as a developing country remains unchanged, and it will continue to advocate for the rights of other developing nations while promoting global trade liberalization [8][9]. Group 3: Implications for Global Trade - By not seeking new SDT, China aims to break the deadlock in WTO development discussions and encourage reforms, countering claims that developing countries exploit SDT for unfair advantages [5][6]. - This move is expected to enhance China's role in maintaining a healthy and balanced multilateral trading system, encouraging other members to adopt similar stances [9][10]. - China's commitment to not seeking new SDT is seen as a significant step towards fostering a more equitable global trade environment, reinforcing its responsibility as a major developing country [6][9].

Core Points - China has announced that it will no longer seek new special and differential treatment (S&D) in current and future negotiations within the World Trade Organization (WTO) [1][8] - The commitment was made during the high-level meeting on the Global Development Initiative at the 80th United Nations General Assembly [1] - China submitted a position paper to the WTO outlining its stance on S&D treatment [1] Summary by Sections Special and Differential Treatment - Special and differential treatment is a system established to support the trade development of developing countries, with 157 provisions categorized into six types [1][3] - The status of developing country members is a prerequisite for receiving S&D treatment, but specific benefits often require negotiation [2][3] China's Current Position - As of 2024, China identified 103 provisions it is entitled to under S&D treatment, with a narrower scope of 20 provisions that it can realistically benefit from [4] - China has historically made significant commitments in trade liberalization, including lower tariff ceilings than many developing countries and similar service trade commitments to developed members [5] Implications of the Announcement - By not seeking new S&D treatment, China aims to reduce negotiation obstacles within the WTO and strengthen its position in defending the rights of developing countries [8] - This decision is expected to enhance China's ability to promote trade and investment liberalization, countering unilateralism and protectionism [8]

Core Viewpoint - China's announcement to not seek new special and differential treatment (SDT) in current and future World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations reflects its commitment to responsible global governance and a higher level of openness in trade [1][14][17]. Group 1: Implications of China's Announcement - The decision signifies a shift towards a more proactive role in multilateral trade negotiations, potentially opening new avenues for future discussions on trade rules [3][6]. - China's stance does not equate to a complete relinquishment of rights; rather, it indicates a willingness to engage on equal terms with developed nations in areas like goods trade, services, and intellectual property [3][4]. - The announcement is expected to enhance trust among WTO members and encourage a return to negotiations, particularly among developed countries [18][19]. Group 2: Context of China's Position - Since joining the WTO in 2001, China has enjoyed limited SDT compared to other developing members, indicating a unique position within the organization [5]. - The decision to forgo new SDT is seen as a response to external pressures and a reflection of China's growing economic capabilities, particularly in light of its status as the largest developing country [14][15][16]. - Maintaining its developing country status allows China to continue advocating for the interests of the Global South while balancing its responsibilities as a major global player [15][16]. Group 3: Impact on WTO Reform - China's declaration is anticipated to provide new momentum for WTO reforms, addressing existing challenges such as the restoration of negotiation functions and dispute resolution mechanisms [18][19]. - The move is viewed as a strategic choice to align with higher standards of openness and to facilitate smoother multilateral cooperation [19].

Core Viewpoint - China's announcement to not seek new special and differential treatment (SDT) in current and future World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations signifies a strategic shift towards greater responsibility and engagement in global trade governance [2][4][16] Group 1: Implications of China's Announcement - The decision reflects China's readiness to engage in future negotiations without relying on the same policy space as other developing members, particularly in areas like goods trade, services, intellectual property, and e-commerce [4][12] - This move is seen as a way to provide greater convenience for other developing members and open new avenues for negotiations based on multilateral rules [6][12] - China's historical context shows that it has enjoyed less SDT compared to other developing countries, indicating a nuanced approach to its role within the WTO [6][12] Group 2: China's Development Status - Despite the announcement, China retains its status as a developing country, which aligns with WTO rules and reflects its ongoing development challenges [16][17] - The retention of this status allows China to advocate for the interests of the Global South, emphasizing its commitment to maintaining a voice for developing nations in international trade [17][18] - China's development level, while significantly improved, still shows disparities when compared to developed economies, justifying its position as a developing country [16][17] Group 3: Impact on WTO Reform - China's declaration is expected to inject new momentum into WTO reform efforts, addressing existing challenges such as restoring negotiation functions and enhancing trade review mechanisms [21][22] - The commitment to forgo new SDT may encourage other nations, particularly developed ones, to return to the negotiation table and foster trust in multilateralism [21][22] - This strategic choice aligns with China's broader goals of high-level openness and adherence to international trade standards, as seen in its participation in regional trade agreements like RCEP and potential CPTPP membership [21][22]

Core Viewpoint - China announced that it will not seek new special and differential treatment in current and future negotiations within the World Trade Organization (WTO), signaling its commitment to a more balanced and fair global trade system [1][2][3]. Group 1: China's Position and Commitment - China's decision reflects its role as a responsible developing country and its ability to contribute to the maintenance and strengthening of the multilateral trading system [2][3]. - The announcement is seen as a significant action to enhance the multilateral trading system and to support the reform of the WTO [1][4]. - China maintains that its status as a developing member will not change, and it will continue to defend the legitimate rights and interests of other developing members [4][5]. Group 2: Implications for Global Trade - The move is expected to enhance the inclusiveness and universality of international trade, bridging the development gap between the Global North and South [4][6]. - China's commitment to not seeking new special and differential treatment is anticipated to help other developing members better realize their rights and benefits within the WTO framework [5][6]. - This initiative is viewed as a constructive step towards breaking the deadlock in WTO development discussions and boosting confidence among developing countries in the multilateral trading system [3][4]. Group 3: Response to Global Challenges - The announcement comes at a time when the multilateral trading system faces severe challenges from protectionism and unilateralism, particularly from certain major countries [8]. - China's actions are seen as a pragmatic approach to uphold global economic order and demonstrate its leadership role in global governance [8][7]. - The initiative emphasizes the need for countries to work together to build a fair, inclusive, and sustainable global trade system, countering the trend of double standards in international trade [8].

Core Viewpoint - China submitted a position paper on special and differential treatment to the WTO, emphasizing its rights as a developing country and its commitment to multilateral trade systems [1][4]. Group 1: China's Position on Special and Differential Treatment - China's accession to the WTO in 2001 under the Marrakech Agreement granted it less special and differential treatment compared to other developing members [4]. - China has actively contributed to the WTO negotiations and global trade liberalization, aligning its obligations with its development stage and economic level [4]. Group 2: China's Pragmatic Approach in WTO Negotiations - In negotiations, China has adopted a pragmatic approach, not requesting Category C measures in the Trade Facilitation Agreement, with 94% of measures being Category A [5]. - China did not seek special and differential treatment in discussions on service trade regulations and COVID-19 vaccine intellectual property exemptions, contributing significantly to concluding negotiations [5]. - China announced it would not pursue special and differential treatment as proposed by the G90 group and continues to support negotiations based on that proposal [5]. Group 3: Commitment to Multilateral Trade System - China's decision not to seek new special and differential treatment underscores its support for the multilateral trade system amid rising unilateralism and protectionism [6]. - This decision aims to facilitate the 14th WTO Ministerial Conference in March 2026 and contribute to substantial progress in WTO reforms [6]. - The decision does not affect China's status as a developing member in the WTO or its rights under existing agreements [6]. Group 4: China's Role in Global Trade - China remains a part of the "Global South" and will continue to support genuine multilateralism and the rules-based multilateral trade system [7]. - The country is committed to participating in WTO reform processes and protecting the legitimate rights of developing members [7].

Core Viewpoint - China, as a developing country, will not seek new special and differential treatment in current and future WTO negotiations, contrasting with the protectionist stance of the Trump administration [2][9]. Group 1: China's Position in WTO - China joined the WTO in 2001 as a developing country and has undergone significant trade reforms, resulting in a trade volume that has expanded approximately 12 times by 2024 compared to when it joined [6][8]. - The decision to not seek new special and differential treatment reflects China's commitment to multilateral trade and its desire to assume a leadership role in global trade, especially in light of rising protectionism from the U.S. [9][10]. Group 2: Implications of China's Decision - Despite not seeking new special treatment, China's actual trade burdens are expected to remain largely unchanged, as criticisms regarding its export subsidies persist [9]. - The Chinese government emphasizes that it will continue to advocate for its rights as a developing country in areas such as climate change and public health, while maintaining its status as the largest developing country [10].