作为世界上荒漠化危害最为严重的国家之一，我国持续加大荒漠化综合防治力度，"十四五"期间在全球 率先实现土地退化零增长目标，也是全球增绿贡献最大的国家。这其中，哪些荒漠化防治成果令人叹为 观止？治沙增绿成果是否得到有效巩固？2025年末，经济日报记者走进沙漠探寻答案。 新疆是我国荒漠化、沙化土地分布最广的省份之一，却给我国面积最大的沙漠——塔克拉玛干沙漠戴上 了"绿围脖"。这是世界上最长的环沙漠绿色生态屏障，也是中国生态治理创新举措的新成就。 绿色防护带该如何扩面提质？主要发力点在哪里？2025年，新疆将塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘阻击战"一 圈""两区""三线"划定为主战场。"一圈"即围绕沙漠边缘，重点攻坚林草湿空白区、绿洲外围风沙危害 区；"两区"指受上下风口影响的10个县域风沙危害区，以及沙漠范围内的15个自然保护地；"三线"为环 塔克拉玛干沙漠铁路线，南北贯通的4条公路线，以及5条河流的河岸线。 记者调研了解到，于田县、民丰县、皮山县等塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘阻击战重点县市，2025年针对上下风 口、沙源区、风沙路径区、绿洲边缘风沙危害区，结合主害风方向与风力大小，合理拓宽防风阻沙林草 固沙带。同时，持续加强塔克拉玛干 ...

新疆维吾尔自治区喀什地区岳普湖县，塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘，一株株梭梭在风中摇曳。阿洪鲁库木乡依 甫吐迪库木村党支部书记阿卜力克木·阿卜来提手持铁锹，挖出一根根粗壮饱满的肉苁蓉，"梭梭能防风 固沙，肉苁蓉是中药材。现在环境变好了，收入也增加了。" 国家林草局相关负责人介绍，"三北"工程六期规划统筹森林、草原、湿地、荒漠等各类生态系统，安排 综合治理和成果巩固任务7.4亿亩，覆盖治沙、治水、治山全要素治理。 防沙治沙"一盘棋"。统筹上风口和下风口、沙源区和路径区，"三北"工程区划定10个联防联治重点区 域，形成区域一体化治理新格局。 加强科技支撑，创新机制模式。 宁夏回族自治区中卫市沙坡头区，培育成熟的荒漠蓝藻经过收集、搅拌，与基质结合，形成一个个人工 蓝藻结皮接种体。明年开春，它们将被送往需要治理的沙区，像种子一样"繁殖"，最终形成生物土壤结 皮。 各有关部门和地方深入贯彻落实习近平总书记重要指示精神，扎实推进"三北"工程建设，"十四五"以 来，"三北"工程完成建设任务3.17亿亩。"三北"工程攻坚战三大标志性战役自2023年6月全面打响以 来，累计实施项目415个，完成建设任务1.9亿亩，已取得重要阶段性成果。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The "Three-North" project aims to combat desertification and enhance ecological security in China, with significant progress reported in recent years, including the completion of 3.17 million acres of construction tasks since the 14th Five-Year Plan began [1] Group 1: Project Progress and Achievements - As of June 2023, the "Three-North" project has implemented 415 projects, completing construction tasks covering 1.9 million acres, marking important interim achievements [1] - The project has established a green protective belt along the Taklamakan Desert, with a total length of 3,046 kilometers expected to be completed by November 2024 [2] Group 2: Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity - The ecological functions of the Uliangsu Sea have improved, with the population of swans increasing from 200 to nearly 600 due to ongoing restoration efforts [3] - The "Three-North" project encompasses a comprehensive plan for managing forests, grasslands, wetlands, and deserts, with a total of 7.4 million acres designated for integrated governance [3] Group 3: Technological Innovations and Methods - New technologies, such as the combination of grass grids and artificial cyanobacterial crusts, have been developed to significantly reduce the time required for soil stabilization from 15-20 years to just 1-2 years [4] - The project has achieved over 70% usage of quality tree and grass species, with nearly 50% of afforestation efforts utilizing mechanized methods [4]

鄂尔多斯地处库布其沙漠与毛乌素沙地交汇处，是黄河"几字弯"攻坚战的核心区域和主战场。蒙草治沙 团队在杭锦旗境内的库布其沙漠通过科技治沙技术集成示范推广，让防沙治沙从"短期治理"迈向"长效 守护"。 精准选种、用种，保障长效治理 库布其沙漠生态脆弱、水资源匮乏，包括流动/固定沙丘、沙地灌丛、沙化草原、荒漠草原等不同生态 类型区。 蒙草治沙团队采取"乔灌草结合"的植物配置模式，根据防沙治沙标准体系给出的治沙用种规范，依托 111个自主知识产权品种，"一地一方"定制沙地修复种子生态包，进行沙区综合治理。 蒙农1号蒙古冰草是干旱及半干旱地区修复退化沙化草地、防止水土流失首选草种。 无人种绳播种机器人，依托AI智能"大脑"，能24小时昼夜不停作业，有效提升种子成活率近20%，节水 90%，节省60%种子用量。 创新立体生态光伏治沙模式，赋能荒漠经济新业态 蒙草生态联合蒙能、大唐等新能源企业，将可持续防沙治沙与新能源开发有机融合、一体推进，在沙漠 腹地建立防沙治沙生态治理项目示范区，筛选适配光伏板间生长的牧草、生态草品种，集成水资源高效 利用技术，探索"板上发电、板下修复、板间种植"的立体生态光伏治沙模式，既实现沙漠添绿 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the efforts of forest rangers in Xinjiang to combat desertification and protect the ecological environment between the Taklamakan and Kumtag deserts, creating a green corridor that has successfully widened from less than 2 kilometers to 5.6 kilometers [1][9][39] - The ecological restoration and desertification control project in the Aixi Man area has transformed previously barren land into a thriving ecosystem, utilizing a "water password" approach to manage water resources effectively [23][29][38] - The establishment of a comprehensive protective system against wind and sand in the Taklamakan desert has been achieved through scientific research and practical applications, demonstrating a shift from "people retreating from sand" to "people advancing against sand" [39][50][57] Group 2 - The Aixi Man area has implemented a water recycling system, introducing 50 million cubic meters of reclaimed water annually for afforestation, significantly improving vegetation cover from 4.5% to 45% [32][38] - The research station in the Taklamakan desert has developed a multi-layered ecological protection strategy, combining natural and artificial vegetation to stabilize the environment and promote biodiversity [46][50][55] - The local agricultural practices have been enhanced through the introduction of various economic crops suitable for desert conditions, contributing to the economic benefits for local farmers and improving their livelihoods [53][55][62]

Group 1 - The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has achieved a milestone in desertification control, with a cumulative governance area exceeding 10 million acres, establishing a green defense line at the edges of three major deserts [1] - Inner Mongolia is responsible for 60% of the national desertification control tasks, emphasizing the importance of solidifying the ecological security barrier in northern China [1] - The focus of desertification control is not to eliminate deserts but to halt their expansion, with recent initiatives like the locking edge project being effective in preventing desert spread [1] Group 2 - Technological advancements are essential for desertification control, with current operations still heavily reliant on human labor, while the introduction of drones and semi-automated planting vehicles enhances efficiency [2] - The desert industry is emerging as a new economic growth point, with desert tourism being a significant direction for utilizing desert resources, as seen in the inclusion of the Badain Jaran Desert in the World Heritage List [2] - The principle of "suitable vegetation" is crucial for desert management, and there is a need for a diversified investment mechanism and ecological protection compensation to encourage broader participation in desertification control [3]

Core Viewpoint - Inner Mongolia Alxa League has launched its autumn afforestation campaign, aiming to complete a task of 560,000 acres of afforestation, building a multi-dimensional desertification control system since the reform and opening up, with a cumulative desertification control area exceeding 10 million acres [1] Group 1: Afforestation Efforts - The Alxa League plans to complete 560,000 acres of afforestation this autumn [1] - The region has expanded its afforestation seasons from spring to both spring and autumn, improving seedling growth rates and survival rates [1] - The average survival rate for autumn afforestation is over 75%, which is 5 percentage points higher than that of spring afforestation [1] Group 2: Technological Integration - The use of drone technology for seedling transportation has significantly increased planting efficiency and precision [1] - The integration of intelligent methods in afforestation efforts injects technological momentum into the work [1] Group 3: Environmental Impact - The forest coverage rate in Alxa League has increased from 2.96% at the establishment of the league to 8.42% currently [1] - Grassland vegetation coverage has improved from less than 15% to 23.18% [1] - The cumulative area of desertification control has surpassed 10 million acres, effectively curbing the trend of desert expansion and providing strong support for ecological security in northern China [1]

Core Insights - The article highlights the successful ecological restoration and economic development in the Kubuqi Desert, with a governance model that integrates various methods such as road construction, photovoltaic technology, and engineering solutions to combat desertification [1][3]. Group 1: Ecological Restoration Efforts - The Kubuqi Desert, covering an area of 14,100 square kilometers, has seen significant ecological improvements, with over 6,000 square kilometers treated, achieving a governance rate of 40% since the start of the 14th Five-Year Plan [1]. - The integration of road construction with desertification control projects has led to the establishment of over 4,000 kilometers of desert-crossing roads, facilitating the management of 4 million acres of land against desertification [3][6]. Group 2: Technological Innovations - The use of high-capacity drones for aerial seeding has increased efficiency and reduced costs in desert reclamation efforts, with approximately 130,000 acres seeded using this technology from June to September [5]. - The city has adopted various advanced technologies, including water-injection planting and biodegradable containers, to enhance the speed and effectiveness of desert management [5]. Group 3: Economic Development and Community Benefits - The local economy has benefited from ecological restoration, with families in the region reporting annual incomes between 150,000 to 200,000 yuan, largely from tourism and agricultural activities [7]. - The development of over 500 family forest (grass) farms has resulted in a total ecological coverage of over 2 million acres, contributing to both ecological and economic benefits [7][8]. - The annual output value of the forestry and grass industry in the city is projected to reach 7.5 billion yuan by 2024, driven by the cultivation of biomass green methanol and other key industries [8].

Group 1: Agricultural Development in Gansu - The modern agricultural industry park in Minqin, Gansu, is successfully growing vegetables that can be directly sold to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area [1][3] - The park cultivates over 10 vegetable varieties with an average yield of 2,000 pounds per acre, and the expected annual output value is around 20 million yuan [5][9] - The ecological improvements from the "Three North" project have enhanced local conditions, making the vegetables appealing to the Greater Bay Area market [7][10] Group 2: Technological Innovations in Desert Agriculture - New technologies, such as a plant adhesive, are being utilized in Xinjiang to improve water retention and soil quality for growing alfalfa in desert areas [11][15] - The "sand membrane" technology allows for deeper root systems in sandy soils, achieving an average yield of 600 kilograms per acre, with multiple harvests per year [16][22] - Significant investments have been made to validate the feasibility of large-scale application of the "sand membrane" technology in desert regions [22] Group 3: Desertification Control in Liaoning - Changtu County in Liaoning has transformed its agricultural landscape through desertification control, stabilizing grain production at over 5 billion pounds annually [23][32] - The establishment of a protective forest network covering 210,000 acres has significantly improved the ecological conditions and agricultural productivity [27][29] - The green barriers created by tree plantations have effectively blocked wind erosion and stabilized sandy areas, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices [32]

Group 1 - The formation of the world's longest ecological barrier around the Taklamakan Desert, measuring 3046 kilometers, marks a significant achievement in desertification control efforts [1] - The government has allocated 1 billion yuan annually for desertification control, and policies like the "Nine Sand Measures" are encouraging social capital to invest in desert management [1] - Companies like Tangnong Wantuo are actively participating in desertification control, with plans to plant 4200 acres of sand-fixing plants this year [1] Group 2 - Technological advancements are transforming desert management practices, with smart planting robots and automated machinery significantly increasing efficiency and reducing costs [2] - The integration of economic benefits with ecological construction is essential for sustainable development, as seen in the cultivation of desert plants like robor and meat fungus [2] - The production of meat fungus in Yutian County has reached 40,000 tons, accounting for 85% of the national output, creating over 10,000 jobs and linking ecological restoration with economic growth [2] Group 3 - New agricultural models combining various plant types are being tested to promote ecological balance and market risk mitigation in desert areas [3] - Ongoing efforts in biological, engineering, and photovoltaic desertification control are enhancing the effectiveness of the ecological barrier around the Taklamakan Desert [3]