●新华社记者 黄垚 修订后的《中华人民共和国自然保护区条例》将自2026年3月15日起施行。当前，我国正在建设以国家 公园为主体、自然保护区为基础、各类自然公园为补充的自然保护地体系，新修订的条例将如何高质量 推进自然保护区建设？ 自然保护区作为我国自然保护地体系的基础，以保护典型的自然生态系统、珍稀濒危野生动植物物种的 天然集中分布区、有特殊意义的自然遗迹等为主要目的。1956年以来，我国已建立各级各类自然保护区 2600多处。 修订后的条例对自然保护区的设立严格把关，明确设立自然保护区应当具备的相应条件。 "条例规范自然保护区的设立，有利于筑牢科学保护的'第一道关口'。条例规定设立自然保护区，应当 充分听取有关方面意见，妥善处理与当地经济社会发展和居民生产生活的关系；明确自然保护区区域范 围的划定应当经过充分调查和科学论证等。"中国环境科学研究院研究员王伟说，这意味着在设立之初 就统筹考虑自然生态系统等保护对象分布区域的完整性、管理可行性和周边经济社会发展的需要，通过 规范自然保护区设立流程，能够有效避免将新的矛盾冲突带入保护区内，真正实现"应保尽保"与"和谐 共生"的平衡。 在保护和管理方面，条例规定按 ...

（来源：千龙网） 新华社北京2月9日电 新闻分析：新修订条例如何高质量推进自然保护区建设？ 新华社记者黄垚 修订后的《中华人民共和国自然保护区条例》将自2026年3月15日起施行。当前，我国正在建设以国家 公园为主体、自然保护区为基础、各类自然公园为补充的自然保护地体系，新修订的条例将如何高质量 推进自然保护区建设？ 在保护和管理方面，条例规定按照自然生态系统特性和内在规律，对自然保护区实行整体保护、系统修 复、综合治理；加强自然保护区监测网络体系建设，充分发挥各类监测站点的作用。 "实际工作中我们仍需坚持以自然恢复为主，综合运用自然恢复和人工修复两种手段，努力找到生态保 护修复的最佳解决方案。"中国科学院植物研究所研究员马克平说，条例明确运用信息化手段加强监测 数据集成分析、共享和综合应用，全面掌握自然生态系统构成、分布、动态变化和生物多样性状况以及 生态环境质量、人为活动干扰情况，及时评估和预警生态风险，这为增强自然保护区保护管理的科学性 提供了重要制度保障。 此外，修订后的条例优化完善了自然保护区分区管控措施，明确自然保护区核心保护区内原则上禁止人 为活动，一般控制区内严格限制人为活动，同时明确列出允许 ...

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The report highlights the issuance of guidance on zero-carbon factory construction by five departments, emphasizing a systematic approach to decarbonization in various industries, with a focus on innovation and technology [5][8] - The establishment of a new natural protection system in China, primarily based on national parks, effectively protects 90% of terrestrial ecosystem types and 74% of key protected wildlife species [18][20] - The report discusses the release of a new national standard for biodegradable plastic shopping bags, which raises the degradation rate requirement from 60% to 90%, aiming to enhance environmental performance [10][11] Policy Developments - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other departments issued guidance on zero-carbon factory construction, outlining principles such as tailored strategies, systematic advancement, and continuous improvement [5][6] - A new national standard for biodegradable plastic shopping bags has been released, set to take effect in 2027, which includes improved product labeling and quality control requirements [10][11] Industry Trends - The first batch of beautiful rural pilot areas has been announced, showcasing effective environmental governance and sustainable agricultural practices [12][13] - The establishment of a new natural protection system in China is underway, integrating ecological protection with local community development [18][20] - The successful hosting of the Rural Revitalization and Sustainable Development Partners Conference highlights the importance of multi-stakeholder collaboration in achieving sustainable development goals [14][17] International Events - The World Economic Forum's Global Risks Report warns of increasing geopolitical and economic risks, emphasizing the need for global cooperation [21][22] - The EU has achieved a milestone where renewable energy sources, particularly wind and solar, now account for one-third of its total electricity generation, surpassing fossil fuels [21][22][23] - A UN University report indicates that the world has entered a state of global water resource bankruptcy, highlighting severe water scarcity issues affecting billions [23][24][25] Corporate Developments - Greenmei Group has achieved a significant milestone by issuing nearly 90,000 tons of carbon reduction credits from its vehicle recycling project, marking a breakthrough in carbon asset development [26][27] - Lin Qingxuan has become the first carbon-neutral cosmetics company in China, achieving full operational carbon neutrality through various low-carbon technologies [28][29]

Group 1: National Afforestation Goals and Achievements - By 2025, China aims to complete a land greening task of 12.7 million hectares, including afforestation of 5.345 million hectares and restoration of 7.39 million hectares of degraded grasslands [1] - The national forest coverage rate currently stands at 25.09%, with a forest stock volume of 20.988 billion cubic meters, indicating a stronger foundation for green development [1] - During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China completed a total afforestation area of 54.9 million hectares, with an average annual restoration of over 4.6 million hectares of degraded grasslands [2] Group 2: Economic Impact and Industry Development - The total output value of the national forestry and grassland industry is nearly 11 trillion yuan, with total import and export trade of forest products exceeding 180 billion USD [2] - The annual production of forest food reached over 24 million tons, and the wood production volume is 140 million cubic meters, with the wood processing and bamboo products manufacturing output valued at 3.4 trillion yuan [3] - The forestry industry directly supports over 60 million jobs, highlighting its role in income generation and employment stability [3] Group 3: Policy and Reform Initiatives - The government is promoting collective forest rights reform and high-quality development of the forestry industry, with measures to optimize management and approval processes for public welfare forests [3] - Financial support for high-quality development in forestry has been initiated, with a focus on developing the under-forest economy through comprehensive measures [3] - The establishment of a new type of natural protected area system centered on national parks has effectively protected 90% of terrestrial ecosystem types and 74% of key protected wildlife species [5][6] Group 4: Future Directions and Strategies - The forestry sector will explore new pathways for ecological product value transformation and accelerate the upgrading of the bamboo and wood industry [4] - There is a commitment to further establish a unified and efficient new type of natural protected area system, with plans for high-quality construction of national parks [6]

Core Viewpoint - The province aims to enhance technology empowerment in natural reserves, transitioning from "manual patrol" to a "technology + manual" precise management approach for better protection of natural treasures [1] Group 1: Natural Protection Strategy - During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the province's natural protection area structure will continue to optimize, establishing a new three-tier system of national parks (candidate areas), nature reserves, and natural parks [1] - Two migratory bird habitats, Dalian Snake Island - Laotieshan and Dandong Yalu River Estuary, have been successfully included in the World Heritage List, marking a breakthrough for the province in world natural heritage [1] - A biodiversity protection space network is gradually forming, radiating across the region, with natural protection areas as focal points and ecological corridors as connecting lines [1] Group 2: Future Development and Community Engagement - The provincial forestry and grassland bureau will lead natural reserves in solidifying foundational work, accelerating boundary marking, and preparing overall plans [1] - There will be a shift from "guarding the mountains" to "knowing the mountains" and "enjoying the mountains" through innovation in mechanisms and technology application [1] - The focus will be on project packaging, construction, supervision management, and community co-construction and sharing, transforming surrounding communities from "passive cooperation" to "active protection" [1]

Core Viewpoint - Green development is a prominent feature of Chinese-style modernization, emphasizing the importance of ecological environment protection and a comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development [2][4]. Group 1: Green Transformation Initiatives - The 14th Five-Year Plan emphasizes accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, with a focus on building a beautiful China [2]. - The central economic work conference has prioritized "dual carbon" goals, promoting a comprehensive green transformation as a key task for the upcoming year [2]. - The ecological environment department highlights that achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality is a strategic decision made by the central government, requiring a planned and step-by-step implementation of carbon peak actions [3]. Group 2: Energy System and Carbon Market - The construction of a new energy system is underway, with projects like the hydrogen-electric coupling demonstration in Ningbo, which has already consumed over 8.6 million kilowatt-hours of clean energy [3]. - The national carbon market has expanded to include industries such as steel, cement, and aluminum, covering over 60% of national CO2 emissions [5]. - The carbon market aims to stimulate internal motivation for carbon reduction, promoting a low-carbon development awareness across society [5]. Group 3: Energy Consumption and Efficiency - By the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan, the majority of new electricity demand will be met by new clean energy generation, with a significant reduction in coal consumption [4]. - Jiangsu's Nanjing Steel Group has implemented a smart energy management platform, achieving energy savings of over 80 million yuan in 2024 and a 4.7% reduction in energy consumption per ton of steel [7]. Group 4: Green Production and Lifestyle - The establishment of a green manufacturing system is progressing, with over 6,430 national green factories contributing to more than 20% of production value [9]. - The adoption of green lifestyles is increasing, with over 90% of urban residential communities implementing waste sorting and over 60% of consumers opting for new energy vehicles [10]. Group 5: Pollution Prevention and Ecosystem Optimization - Continuous efforts are being made to combat pollution and optimize ecosystems, with a focus on integrated protection of natural resources [12]. - The construction of a natural protection area system is advancing, with the implementation of the National Park Law marking a new phase in ecological protection [13]. Group 6: Large-scale Afforestation and Green Initiatives - Large-scale afforestation efforts have been initiated, with significant progress in ecological construction in regions like Inner Mongolia, achieving an 80% governance rate of desertified land [14]. - The 14th Five-Year Plan period is critical for accelerating the green transformation of economic and social development, with a commitment to achieving carbon peak goals [14].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that China is building a natural protection system centered around national parks, with the Wuyi Mountain National Park in Fujian discovering 62 new species [1] Group 2 - The Jianfengling stick insect, a key protected insect in Fujian, can reach a female body length of 25-27 cm, with total length exceeding 30 cm, making it the longest insect in East China [2] - Jianfengling stick insect nymphs are distributed in tropical regions and have unique zebra-like patterns on their joints and short antennae [3] Group 3 - Wuyi Mountain has low-altitude valleys that allow tropical species to thrive, with Jianfengling stick insects found in evergreen broadleaf forests below 500 meters [7] - The Wuyi Mountain giant beetle, discovered only within the Wuyi Mountain National Park, is known for its rapid running ability and is one of the first key protected insects in Fujian [8] Group 4 - The Wuyi Mountain giant beetle has a red-golden body that can appear green from certain angles, and it loses its flying ability as it matures [8] - The giant beetle can spray a pungent, acidic liquid from its abdomen to defend against predators [8]

Core Viewpoint - The transfer of local administrative responsibilities for the Wolong Special Administrative Region marks a significant step in the management reform of the Giant Panda National Park in Sichuan, China, enhancing ecological protection and social development in the region [1][2]. Group 1: Administrative Changes - The Sichuan Provincial Forestry and Grassland Bureau officially transferred local administrative responsibilities to Aba Prefecture and Wenchuan County, indicating a shift towards localized governance [1]. - Responsibilities for economic and social development, public services, and social management have been assigned to Wenchuan County, while road management duties have been divided between Aba Prefecture and Wenchuan County [1]. - The core ecological area’s habitat protection will be overseen by the soon-to-be-established Wolong Branch of the Giant Panda National Park [1]. Group 2: Historical Context and Significance - Established in March 1983, the Wolong Special Administrative Region has played a crucial role in ecological protection and livelihood development, covering an area of 2,000 square kilometers and housing over 5,000 residents [1][2]. - The region is recognized as the most complete habitat for wild giant pandas globally, with 149 wild pandas recorded as of last year, reflecting a significant increase since its establishment [2]. - The average annual income of rural residents in the region has increased to over 19,000 yuan, nearly doubling since 1983, showcasing the economic development alongside ecological conservation [2]. Group 3: National Park Integration - The establishment of the Giant Panda National Park in 2021 integrated the Wolong Special Administrative Region, aiming for cross-regional habitat protection and breaking down administrative barriers [2]. - The existing local administrative system was deemed inadequate for current needs, necessitating the transfer of responsibilities to local governance to streamline management processes [2].

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of national standards for evaluating the ecological protection effectiveness of national parks and nature parks is crucial for enhancing regulatory oversight in these areas [1][2]. Group 1: National Standards and Evaluation Framework - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment is developing evaluation standards for the ecological protection effectiveness of national parks and nature parks, aiming to provide technical guidance for overall regulatory improvement [1][2]. - The draft standards, titled "Technical Specifications for Evaluating the Ecological Protection Effectiveness of National Parks" and "Technical Specifications for Evaluating the Ecological Protection Effectiveness of Nature Parks," are open for public consultation starting from the 29th [1][2]. - The overall plan for establishing the national park system emphasizes the need for evaluations of ecosystem status, environmental quality changes, and the implementation of ecological civilization systems, including the establishment of a third-party evaluation system [2]. Group 2: Evaluation Criteria and Methodology - The evaluation of national park ecological protection effectiveness will assess aspects such as ecosystem authenticity, integrity, functionality, biodiversity, water quality, major threats, violations, and monitoring status, with a recommended evaluation cycle of every five years [3]. - The evaluation for nature parks will focus on the protection status of natural ecosystems, key species, and natural relics, with specific indicators selected based on the characteristics of each nature park [3]. - The evaluation methodology will combine quantitative and qualitative assessments, covering natural ecology, environmental quality, ecological stress, violations, and monitoring status [3]. Group 3: Consequences of Evaluation Results - If significant environmental incidents caused by human factors occur, or if there are major pollution or ecological damage issues that are reported by central ecological environment protection inspections and not rectified on time, the evaluation result for the nature park will be downgraded to "poor" [4]. - For lesser incidents that are not rectified on time, the evaluation result may also be downgraded by one level [4].