Core Insights - The article discusses the challenges faced by 21 northern cities in China, particularly those reliant on coal and oil, highlighting their struggles with transformation and decline [1] Group 1: Economic Dependency - Sixteen cities in North China and Northwest China are heavily dependent on coal, with Shanxi producing 14% of the world's coal, yet these cities are experiencing economic volatility [1] - Cities like Shizuishan and Wuhai are attempting to pivot towards new materials, while Yumen is facing decline due to resource depletion [1] Group 2: Transformation Efforts - Zibo has successfully diversified its economy, while Puyang is attempting to sustain itself through oil pipelines [1] - The article emphasizes the contrasting fates of these cities, drawing parallels to the economic conditions in Northeast China [1]

Core Viewpoint - Zaozhuang is successfully transforming from a coal-dependent city to a hub for new energy industries, particularly lithium battery production and second-hand vehicle trading, showcasing a model for resource-depleted cities to reinvent themselves [3][4][8]. Lithium Battery Industry - Zaozhuang has established itself as "China's New Energy Battery City" with significant investments and developments in the lithium battery sector, including a major project by XINWANDA with a total investment of approximately 20 billion yuan [3][5]. - The local government has played a crucial role in supporting the lithium battery industry, facilitating partnerships and providing services that have attracted major companies like XINWANDA and others [5][7]. - The city has built a comprehensive lithium battery industry chain, including mining, material production, and recycling, with 278 lithium energy enterprises and substantial production capacities across various components [8]. Second-Hand Vehicle Industry - The second-hand vehicle market in Zaozhuang has evolved from grassroots initiatives to a structured industry, supported by government policies that fostered its growth rather than imposing restrictions [9][11]. - The establishment of a streamlined "one-stop" service for second-hand vehicle exports has significantly improved efficiency, reducing processing times for vehicle transfers and customs clearance [11][12]. - In 2024, Zaozhuang's second-hand vehicle trading volume is projected to reach 210,000 units, with a transaction value of 15 billion yuan, positioning it as a leading market in China [12]. Talent Retention and Development - Zaozhuang has initiated the "Liuzao Return Home" project to combat talent outflow, resulting in over 50,000 young talents returning to the city for employment opportunities in emerging industries [13][14]. - The local government is focused on creating a conducive environment for talent retention, with policies aimed at enhancing the quality of life and job opportunities [16]. - The number of skilled workers in Zaozhuang is expected to reach 448,800 by 2024, reflecting a significant increase in high-skilled talent since 2019 [16].

Core Viewpoint - The emphasis is on the transformation and development of resource-based cities, highlighting the importance of balancing development and safety while promoting green and low-carbon initiatives in resource-depleted areas [1][8]. Group 1: Resource-Based City Transformation - Kunlun Town in Zibo City has successfully transformed a former coal mining area into a green low-carbon development model by introducing innovative projects such as greenhouse flower cultivation [2][3]. - Zibo City, particularly the Zichuan District, has been recognized for its efforts in transitioning from a resource-dependent economy, achieving excellent performance in national assessments for resource-depleted cities [3][4]. Group 2: Industrial Upgrading and Carbon Reduction - The Shandong Energy Donghua Technology Company is leading efforts in carbon reduction by replacing coal with hydrogen in cement production, resulting in a significant decrease in coal consumption and carbon emissions [5][6]. - The district has closed over 3,000 outdated production facilities since the 13th Five-Year Plan, reducing coal consumption by 307,000 tons, which is a 60.58% decrease [6]. Group 3: New Industry Development - The Zibo Economic Development Zone has established a new energy vehicle production base, significantly increasing production capacity and contributing to a 108.6% year-on-year growth in the new energy vehicle and equipment sector [7]. - New and high-tech industries now account for over 35% of the district's added value, with high-tech industry contributions rising from 31.29% in 2008 to 50% currently [7].