2025年12月30日，上海。 身着红、黄、橙、蓝等各色工服的外卖小哥，骑着"小电驴"在大街小巷里快速穿梭，在这座大都市的冬 天里，画出几道温暖的虹色。 他们努力避让着车辆与行人，不敢慢下来。即便此刻，距俗称的电动自行车"降速令"全面落地，已经近 一个月。 "降速令"指的是强制性国家标准《电动自行车安全技术规范》（GB 17761—2024）（下称"新国标"）， 于2025年12月1日全面落地。3天后，国家市场监督管理总局发布实施《外卖平台服务管理基本要求》 （下称《基本要求》）。 以上两项标准从车辆性能和平台规则两个层面，为骑手车速划定了边界。这也被视作一次关于骑手安全 的必要调整。 "生命大于一切。"已经做了3年外卖骑手的陈龙（化名）告诉上海证券报记者，他是新国标的坚定支持 者，"开门杀、爆胎、侧翻，很多时候不是技术问题，就是快"。 但生命之下，就是生计。 "如果车速降下来，单量会不会减少？""收入还能不能保证？"……新规发布后，陈龙所在的骑手群里， 一度爆发了激烈讨论。 近一个月过去了，微信群里的讨论归于沉寂，屏幕上的订单依旧弹出，骑手们继续"飞驰"。关于1000多 万名骑手收入、考核、权益保障的问题， ...

Group 1 - The new national standard for food delivery platforms aims to protect the rights of delivery personnel by regulating working hours, rest rights, and optimizing dispatch algorithms [2] - Delivery personnel are required to work no more than 8 hours a day, with platforms needing to issue a confirmation prompt for continued orders after this limit [2] - If delivery personnel work continuously for more than 4 hours, platforms must issue a fatigue alert and pause order dispatch for at least 20 minutes [2] Group 2 - The new standard mandates that delivery personnel should have at least one day of rest per week, which cannot be forced by platforms or employers [2] - Platforms are prohibited from implementing mandatory scheduling or performance assessments based on order volume for those not fully classified as employees [3] - The standard balances the calculation of delivery times with actual delivery durations, requiring platforms to monitor and manage unsafe driving behaviors [3]

Core Points - The article highlights the story of Liu Zhuang, a delivery rider in Beijing, who has made significant contributions to his community through blood donation and support for fellow riders [2][3][4] - Liu Zhuang's journey from a soldier to a delivery rider reflects his desire for freedom and his commitment to helping others [2][3][4][6] - The establishment of the "Xiao Ai" rest station for riders in Chaoyang District is a direct result of Liu's advocacy, providing a supportive environment for delivery workers [5][21] Group 1: Personal Background and Contributions - Liu Zhuang, a former soldier, transitioned to various jobs before becoming a delivery rider, motivated by a desire for freedom and enjoyment [2][3][4] - He has donated blood multiple times and made a notable contribution by donating hematopoietic stem cells to a child with blood disease, which he describes as a life-changing experience [8][12][14] - Liu Zhuang actively shares his experiences and knowledge with new riders, earning their respect and affection, and is affectionately called "Zhuang Ge" [6][7][21] Group 2: Community Impact and Initiatives - Liu Zhuang's efforts led to the creation of a rest station for delivery riders, which offers essential amenities and a comfortable space for them to relax [5][21] - He has become a representative for riders, voicing their concerns and challenges to improve their working conditions [21] - His online posts sharing experiences and tips for delivery riders have gained popularity, fostering a sense of community and encouraging others to contribute positively [16][17][21]

算法优化本质上是企业自主行为，其出发点和边界仍受商业逻辑制约。这种内在局限性决定了仅靠算法 难以全面保障骑手权益，还应强化制度保障。一方面，应持续完善算法设计，结合骑手个体差异与实际 需求优化机制；另一方面，应加大相关法律法规的执行力度，细化配套措施与实施细则。同时，还应加 强政府监管、行业自律与社会监督，推动构建多元共治格局。 "防疲劳"机制是保障骑手休息权的有益尝试，其有效性有赖于骑手的参与和认同。在后续完善时，应赋 予骑手更多话语权，在保障骑手安全的基础上充分尊重劳动自主性。我们乐见算法优化推动管理进步， 更应持续探索、系统推进，通过更多精细化举措进一步织密骑手权益保障网。 近期，外卖平台骑手"防疲劳"机制在全国主要城市陆续上线。该机制通过弹窗提醒、强制下线等方式， 对长时间工作的骑手进行提醒与约束，着力缓解疲劳跑单问题。 例如，美团规定骑手连续工作满8小时将触发休息提醒，满12小时将强制下线；饿了么则将每日累计配 送时间限制在11小时以内。设置工作时长预警、优化派单逻辑、改进评价体系……以技术手段引导骑手 平衡好工作和健康，表明平台企业正将骑手权益保障纳入重要议程。 从单纯追求配送效率到兼顾骑手工作状 ...

Core Points - The "block malicious customers" feature for Meituan delivery riders has been fully launched nationwide, allowing riders to block up to 2 users for a period of 365 days [1][3] - This feature was developed in response to strong demands from riders for a sense of fairness and respect, as highlighted in discussions earlier this year [1] - Riders can submit evidence such as recordings, videos, or chat logs to block users who engage in inappropriate behavior, ensuring they do not receive orders from those users for one year [1][3] Summary by Categories - **Feature Implementation** - The "block malicious customers" feature is now available across the country, allowing riders to block up to 2 users for 365 days [1][3] - The system will automatically match other riders to ensure order delivery is not affected, even if a rider blocks a user [1] - **Rider Support and Feedback** - The feature was introduced following strong feedback from riders regarding their need for more control and respect in their work environment [1] - Experts suggested increasing riders' decision-making power and improving their rights [1] - **Evidence Submission Process** - Riders can provide evidence of inappropriate behavior, such as recordings or chat logs, to support their request to block a user [1][3] - The blocking period lasts for one year, after which the block is automatically lifted, but riders can adjust their block list at any time [1]

Core Points - Meituan has launched a "block malicious users" feature in its delivery rider app to enhance rider safety and experience [1] Group 1: Feature Overview - The new feature allows riders to block users who engage in inappropriate behavior such as harassment or requesting personal information [1] - Riders can submit evidence like audio recordings, videos, or chat logs to support their request for blocking a user [1] - Each rider can block up to 2 users for a period of 365 days, after which the block is automatically lifted [1] Group 2: User Experience Considerations - The system ensures that even if a rider blocks a user, other riders will be automatically matched to fulfill the order, maintaining service continuity [1]

Core Viewpoint - The delivery industry is undergoing significant changes due to increased regulatory scrutiny, leading to improved conditions for delivery riders and a shift in management practices among major platforms [1][4][5]. Group 1: Regulatory Changes and Industry Response - Major delivery platforms, including Meituan, JD.com, and Ele.me, have announced the cancellation of late delivery penalties, replacing them with a service score management system [4][5]. - The regulatory environment has prompted these platforms to respond quickly to concerns about rider welfare and safety, indicating a shift from punitive measures to more supportive management practices [1][4][6]. - The National Market Regulatory Administration has been actively engaging with major platforms to address issues of unfair competition and to promote a more orderly development of the industry [5][6][7]. Group 2: Impact on Delivery Riders - The rights and welfare of delivery riders have become a focal point of public concern, with recent initiatives aimed at improving their working conditions, such as the introduction of full social security contributions by JD.com [3][4]. - The recent rumors about collective actions by riders were debunked by Meituan, which emphasized that these claims were fabricated and detrimental to the rider community's image [2][4]. - Platforms are exploring new ways to enhance rider autonomy and satisfaction, such as allowing riders to block problematic users and implementing flexible delivery timeframes [5][6]. Group 3: Future Directions and Industry Standards - The draft of the "Basic Requirements for Delivery Platform Services" aims to establish new industry standards, focusing on service quality, merchant support, and rider rights [7]. - The ongoing changes reflect a broader trend towards creating a balanced ecosystem that benefits consumers, merchants, riders, and platforms alike [7].

Core Points - The article discusses the evolving rights and protections for delivery riders in the food delivery sector compared to the stagnant situation for express delivery workers [3][12] - Recent initiatives by companies like Meituan, JD.com, and Ele.me include the cancellation of late penalties and the introduction of a service score management system for riders [1][3] - The express delivery industry faces systemic issues, including a problematic "complaint" culture that penalizes delivery workers for customer inquiries or order cancellations [4][7] Group 1: Rights and Protections for Delivery Workers - Food delivery companies have implemented measures to improve rider rights, such as eliminating cash penalties for late deliveries and introducing a service score system [1][3] - Meituan has also trialed features allowing riders to evaluate customers and block abusive users, enhancing rider protection [1] - In contrast, express delivery workers continue to face significant challenges, with their rights and protections lagging behind those of food delivery riders [3] Group 2: Issues in the Express Delivery Sector - The express delivery industry operates under a "complaint culture," where any customer inquiry is often treated as a complaint against the delivery worker, leading to confusion and unfair penalties [4][5][7] - This culture is prevalent across multiple express delivery companies, creating a systemic issue that affects both workers and consumers [5][7] - The reliance on fines as a management tool in the express delivery sector has led to a situation where penalties are used for revenue generation rather than service improvement [8][10] Group 3: Management Practices and Economic Pressures - The express delivery industry heavily relies on a franchise model, which has resulted in a management approach that shifts operational risks and costs onto delivery workers [8][10] - Companies like SF Express, despite being direct-operated, are increasingly outsourcing labor, leading to rising costs and continued reliance on punitive measures for management [8][10] - The competitive landscape has further distorted the purpose of penalties, turning them into a means of cost control rather than a method for enhancing service quality [10][11]

Core Insights - Major food delivery platforms in China, including JD.com, Ele.me, and Meituan, are shifting from direct fines for delivery delays to a service points system, aiming to enhance management through positive incentives rather than punitive measures [1][3] Group 1: Changes in Delivery Management - Meituan plans to eliminate fines for delivery delays by the end of 2025, having already initiated a pilot program in Quanzhou that uses a points system to reward timely deliveries and penalize delays [1][3] - JD.com is conducting trials in 25 cities, including Shenzhen and Nanjing, replacing direct fines with a service points system that deducts points based on the duration of the delay [1][2] - Ele.me is also testing a new service points system in cities like Nantong and Changzhou, with plans to expand to over ten provinces by the end of October [1][2] Group 2: Rider Perspectives - Many delivery riders support the transition from fines to a points deduction system, as it allows them to recover points through improved performance rather than facing immediate financial penalties [3][5] - Riders have reported that the previous fine system was burdensome, especially when delivery assignments were unreasonable, leading to delays [3][5] Group 3: Expert Opinions and Future Directions - Experts suggest that the new points-based management system enhances riders' professional identity and contributes to the sustainable development of platform economies [6][8] - Platforms are increasing investments in rider welfare, including additional subsidies during adverse weather and various support programs for riders and their families [8] - The shift from punitive measures to a dual empowerment system is seen as a response to policies promoting high-quality employment and improving service quality through enhanced rider recognition [8]

Core Viewpoint - Major food delivery platforms in China are shifting from penalizing riders for late deliveries to a service score management system, aiming to enhance rider experience and rights protection [1] Group 1: Company Initiatives - JD.com has initiated a pilot program in 25 cities, including Shenzhen and Nanjing, to eliminate penalties for late deliveries, replacing them with a service score system [1] - The pilot is part of JD.com's ongoing efforts to improve rider rights and includes additional measures such as extra subsidies during adverse weather and various support programs for riders [1] - Meituan plans to fully eliminate late delivery penalties by the end of 2025, as stated during a recent event focused on rider experience [1] Group 2: Industry Trends - Ele.me is also moving towards gradually eliminating late delivery penalties, promoting a shift from negative penalties to positive incentives [1] - The industry is collectively focusing on enhancing rider well-being by implementing fatigue prevention rules and optimizing mandatory offline features [1]