我国也在加快构建AI科学家系统。2024年10月，上海人工智能实验室联合多家单位开源了多智能体科 学社群模拟系统——"虚拟科学家"，可以模拟人类科学家的合作过程来研究科技创新规律；2025年7 月，联合崖州湾国家实验室和中国农业大学等单位，发布了首个生物育种领域的自主科学发现系统"丰 登·基因科学家"。在该系统的辅助下，科研人员在主粮作物中发现了数十个此前未被报道的基因功能， 并获得实验证实。 尽管AI科学家在技术上已取得阶段性成果，但在可靠可控、人机关系、科研伦理、合规监管等诸多方 面仍有大量问题亟待解决。科学界长久以来关于"AI是否会取代人类""AI是否会弱化人类独立思考能 力"等问题的争论也在持续。不过可以确定的是，人类社会正不断朝着通用人工智能的时代迈进。未 来，AI科学家技术有望与机器人和传感器深度结合，通过传感器感知实验环境并借助机器人执行实 验，从而完成从假设提出到实验验证的全自主科学发现闭环。 可以预见，未来将有更多具备实体形态的"AI科学家"辅助人类在复杂环境下开展科学研究："AI作物遗 传学家"在盛夏的稻田中检查水稻生长状况，"AI土壤学家"在月球基地的无氧环境下分析月壤，"AI核物 理学 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the emergence of SciMaster, an AI scientific assistant developed by Shanghai Jiao Tong University, DeepMind Technology, and Shanghai Algorithm Innovation Institute, which is claimed to be the world's first truly general-purpose scientific AI agent [5][10]. Group 1: Introduction to SciMaster - SciMaster has gained significant attention in the research community, with its invitation codes being sold for nearly a thousand yuan, indicating high demand [5]. - It integrates advanced capabilities such as literature search, theoretical calculations, experimental design, paper writing, and collaboration, significantly enhancing research efficiency [7][11]. Group 2: Macro Trends in AI - The AI field is transitioning from data and computing power reliance to practical applications, as noted by mathematician Terence Tao [9]. - The concept of an "AI scientist" is at the forefront of this trend, with SciMaster filling a gap in the availability of practical AI research assistants [10]. Group 3: Functional Capabilities of SciMaster - SciMaster covers the entire research process, including reading, calculating, conducting experiments, and writing reports [11]. - It utilizes a vast database of 170 million research documents to provide reliable information and can trace every assertion back to its source [11][14]. - The system can perform calculations and execute experiments through integration with automated laboratory systems [14][15]. Group 4: Performance and Testing - SciMaster has demonstrated its capabilities by achieving a new state-of-the-art score of 32.1% on the Humanity's Last Exam benchmark, surpassing competitors like OpenAI and Google [28]. - The assistant can handle general queries and conduct deep research, providing comprehensive reports based on extensive data collection and analysis [30][31]. Group 5: Future Prospects - The development of SciMaster represents a significant step towards a new era of collaborative scientific exploration between humans and AI [16][49]. - The company aims to expand SciMaster's capabilities to cover a broader range of scientific knowledge, indicating a commitment to advancing AI in research [50].