美国贸易代表办公室近日宣布对中国海事、物流和造船领域301调查的最终措施，包括征收高额港口 费、运输限制等。美方相关做法损人害己，将推高全球海运成本，扰乱全球供应链稳定，也将损害美国 消费者和企业利益。 美方声称，中国有针对性地主导海运、物流和造船业是导致美国造船和航运业无法满足国内和对外贸易 需求的关键因素。美征收高额港口费等措施旨在促进美国造船业发展，并遏制中国在该领域的主导地 位。 美方将自身问题归咎于中国，既缺乏事实依据，也有悖经济常识。中国造船业能实现今天的发展成就， 靠的不是所谓的"针对性措施"，而是完备的工业体系、训练有素的工程师和产业工人以及开放的商业环 境，是相关企业积极参与国际合作和全球竞争的成果。 征收高额港口费等措施，只不过是已被反复证明无效的保护主义"旧药方"，注定治不了美国造船业的沉 疴，还将破坏全球航运体系，进一步加剧国际贸易混乱。美国商船在全球占比很低，且造船产能极为有 限，相关措施若强行实施，将进一步限制美国国际贸易，推高美国商品价格，加剧通胀压力，反噬美国 经济。据彼得森国际经济研究所测算，一旦中美海运成本增加15%，美国通胀率或上升0.8个百分点。 美国根科船务贸易公司首 ...

Group 1 - The U.S. Navy Secretary John Ferland expressed the need for Japan's assistance in the U.S. shipbuilding industry due to the significant gap in shipbuilding capabilities between the U.S. and China, with China reportedly having a capacity 200 times greater than that of the U.S. [2][3] - The U.S. shipbuilding industry has been in decline since the post-World War II era, with Japan's shipbuilding industry gaining prominence in the 2000s, leading to a decrease in the U.S. market share [3][4] - The U.S. government aims to revitalize domestic manufacturing and address security concerns regarding military capabilities being surpassed by China [4] Group 2 - Japanese companies, such as Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Japan Marine United, are involved in the construction of advanced naval vessels, including the FFM class frigates, which are delivered at a rate of approximately two per year [5][7] - South Korean shipbuilding companies are also actively pursuing investments in U.S. shipyards, with HD Hyundai Heavy Industries collaborating with Huntington Ingalls Industries to enhance production efficiency and shipbuilding technology [7][8] - The acquisition of the Philly Shipyard by Hanwha Ocean indicates a strategic move to establish a maintenance and repair framework for military vessels in the U.S. [7][8]

与日本防卫相中谷(右) 握手的美国海军部长费兰(4月28日、日本防卫省) 2000年代以后，日本的全球份额也不断下降，韩国和中国相继坐上了首位宝座。在此期间，美国 的造船业一直处于低迷状态。从目前的建造能力来看，预计中国达到美国的200倍以上。 美国企业在成本竞争中输给了日韩和中国。另外，作为造船基础的钢铁业的衰退也是重要因素。 费兰还计划鼓励日本企业投资美国西海岸的造船厂。 造船业直接关系到海军的实力。美国战略与国际研究中心(CSIS)分析称，"中国在军民两用的造船 系统方面取得成功，迅速改变了世界海军的军事平衡"。该中心认为军民两用领域的开发推动了需 求的确保、成本削减和技术创新。 美国海军计划增加舰艇数量以对抗中国。不过，从美国造船业的现状来看，难以顺利建造船只。 特朗普政府希望解决军事力量被中国超越的安全方面的隐忧，复兴美国国内的制造业。 有可能成为与美国联合生产和投资候选的是三菱重工等日本企业。三菱重工和日本造船联合 (JMU)涉足水上舰艇领域，而三菱重工和川崎重工还从事潜艇方面的业务。 访问日本的美国海军部长在与日本防卫相中谷元会面时表示希望日本对美国造船业提供协助。从 目前的建造能力来看，中国被 ...

晨报 成材 成材：缺乏驱动 钢价整理 逻辑：中国人民银行副行长邹澜表示，中国人民银行将用好用足适度 宽松的货币政策，根据国内外经济形势和金融市场运行情况，适时降准降 息，保持流动性充裕，创设新的结构性货币政策工具，围绕稳就业稳增长 重点领域精准加力，做好金融支持。4 月 28 日 Mysteel 统计 76 家独立电 弧炉建筑钢材钢厂平均成本为 3351 元/吨，日环比增加 2 元/吨，平均利 润为-69 元/吨，谷电利润为 36 元/吨，日环比增加 11 元/吨。4 月 21 日 -4 月 27 日，全球船厂共接获 16 艘新船订单。其中中国船厂接获 10 艘新 船订单；韩国船厂接获 6 艘新船订单。 证监许可【2011】1452 号 成 材：武秋婷 成文时间： 2025 年 4 月 29 日 重要声明： 后期关注/风险因素：宏观政策；下游需求情况。 整理 投资咨询业务资格： 负责人：赵 毅 从业资格号：F3059924 投资咨询号：Z0002978 电话：010-62688526 从业资格号：F3078638 投资咨询号：Z0018248 电话：010-62688555 从业资格号：F3038114 投资 ...

| | | | Bloomberg 2021 Innovation Index | | | | | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2021 | 2020 | YoY | | Total | R&D | Manufacturing | | High-tech | Tertiary | Researcher | Patent | | Rank | Rank | Change | Economy | Score | Intensity | Value added | Productivity | Density | Efficiency | Concentration | Activity | | | 2 | +1 | S. Korea | 90.49 | 2 | 2 | 36 | ને | 13 | 3 | 1 | | 2 | 3 | +1 | Singapore | 87.76 | 17 | | ୧ | 18 | 1 | 13 | 4 | | 3 | ને | +1 | Sw ...

Group 1 - The American Petroleum Institute (API) warns that the U.S. oil industry cannot comply with President Trump's regulations on Chinese vessels, as there are currently no U.S.-built ships capable of transporting LNG [1] - The U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) announced that starting in 180 days, port fees will be imposed on Chinese vessels, with restrictions on foreign ships transporting LNG to the U.S. beginning in three years [1] - The USTR's measures are intended to encourage the use of U.S.-built ships over a 22-year period, but the API believes compliance is impossible due to the lack of suitable vessels [1] Group 2 - Analysts indicate that LNG producers will struggle to meet USTR's transportation standards due to higher costs of U.S. shipbuilding compared to foreign yards [2] - Currently, Chinese-built vessels account for approximately 7% of the global LNG fleet, but China holds about 28% of the global LNG vessel order volume [2] - The API expresses concerns that USTR's policy could harm the LNG export industry, which generates $34 billion annually, and may lead to future government actions that could suspend export licenses [2] Group 3 - The new USTR regulations have prompted lobbying from other exporters, warning that it will increase shipping costs [3] - Reports indicate that the cost for car carriers docking at U.S. ports could exceed $1 million, effectively acting as a new tariff on imported cars [3] - The Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism is assessing the impact of these regulations on Japanese car exports to the U.S. [3]

信阳港？淮滨中心港。人民网 霍亚平摄 人民网信阳4月25日电 （霍亚平）4月23日，信阳港？淮滨中心港-安钢集团信阳钢铁新能源车辆公水联运通道正 式开通，随着400kw单桩双枪一体式直流充电桩批量投入使用，为企业打造了一条时效快、损耗少、绿色环保的 运输新路径，淮滨中心港低碳运营再上新台阶。 从陆运到水运，从航道扩建到造船业蓬勃发展，从单一形式物流到"铁水联运"……信阳港在绿色发展与物流服务 提升方面不断取得显著进展，正逐步从中原单一内陆河港走向综合性大国河港。 全程运输成本降低近60% 低碳转型成效显著 2022年1月，信阳港淮滨中心港启用，位于内陆的河南可以通过淮河走向大海，掀起了区域出海的新浪潮。 经过3年的发展，目前，淮滨中心港积极推进运输装备绿色化升级，随着淮滨中心港-安钢集团信阳钢铁新能源车 辆公水联运低碳通道正式开通，淮滨中心港低碳运营的新路径再上新台阶。 4月23日的开通仪式上，淮滨县人大常委会副主任黄昆鹏介绍，目前已投入50余辆新能源货车，全力保障信阳明港 钢厂铁矿砂运输需求。自2025年4月10日试运行以来，据新能源货车车主反馈，新能源车辆较传统柴油车单程运输 成本降低近60%，在实现经济 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Trump administration's new "port fee" policy, effective from mid-October, imposes high charges on ships built and operated by China, raising concerns particularly in the liquefied natural gas (LNG) sector, which may undermine the U.S. energy strategy and economic stability [1][3][5]. LNG Industry Impact - The policy sets a fee of $50 per net ton for Chinese shipowners and operators, while other countries using Chinese-built vessels will incur charges of $18 per net ton or $120 per container [3]. - This will lead to increased transportation costs for the U.S. LNG industry, which is already facing challenges in maintaining its competitive edge globally [3][5]. - The American Petroleum Institute (API) has expressed strong opposition, highlighting the lack of sufficient U.S. shipbuilding capacity to meet LNG vessel demand, projecting that even with investment, U.S. shipyards cannot fulfill needs before 2029 [3][5]. Long-term Contract Stability - The new fees may disrupt existing long-term contracts and threaten the U.S.'s leadership in the global LNG market, increasing procurement costs for global buyers and destabilizing supply chains [5][7]. - The policy could exacerbate risks to the U.S. energy strategy, especially as the country has recently become the largest LNG exporter [5][7]. Shipbuilding Capacity Concerns - The requirement for using U.S.-built and flagged vessels for transporting U.S. LNG is deemed unrealistic, as current U.S. shipyards lack the technology and experience to construct LNG vessels in the short term [7]. - Experts believe that it would take decades for U.S. shipyards to meet market demands for LNG vessel construction, indicating a severe misjudgment by the Trump administration regarding the capabilities of the domestic shipbuilding industry [7][8]. Economic Consequences - The "port fee" policy is characterized as a "self-harming" decision that fails to address the underlying issues of the U.S. shipbuilding industry, potentially leading to more severe economic repercussions [8]. - A more open and cooperative role in the global economy is suggested as a more effective approach for long-term domestic economic growth, rather than imposing protective tariffs like the "port fee" [8].

与特朗普关系密切的美国海军部长约翰・费兰向日本经济新闻透露了这一消息。费兰介绍称，除 了建造船舶之外，还希望日本企业对美国西海岸的造船业进行投资，同时称这是"特朗普非常中 意"的方案…… 日本经济新闻（中文版：日经中文网）日前获悉，围绕造船业，美国政府将从国家安全保障和经 济两个方面向日本寻求合作。美国海军部长约翰・费兰（John Phelan）向日本经济新闻透露了 这一消息。美方除了寻求日美以可转用于军事用途的规格建造商用船舶之外，还希望日本企业对 美国西海岸的造船业进行投资。 美国海军部长约翰・ 费兰将访问日本，并于4月28日在与日本防卫相中谷元等人会谈时转达美方相关建议。他还预定 与日本企业的相关人士会面并考察造船厂。费兰是美国投资公司的创始人，与总统特朗普关系密 切，并于3月就任海军部长。他在访问日本前夕，在华盛顿近郊接受了日本经济新闻的采访。 中国拥有全球5成的造船能力，超过美国的200倍。在中国，无论军用还是商用，都在国家主导下 推进造船业务，海军规模也在拉大相对于美军的领先距离。 费兰介绍称，美国将与在全球造船领域位居第二的同盟国韩国以及位居第三的日本携手，目标是 实现美国造船业的复兴。美方将向 ...

Group 1 - HD Hyundai Heavy Industries announced contracts for the construction of 2 ultra-large container ships with a total value of 559.6 billion KRW (approximately 3.9 million USD) [2] - The ships will be built at HD Hyundai's facility in Jeollanam-do and are scheduled for delivery in the first half of 2028 [2] - The orders are reportedly from Wan Hai Lines, Taiwan's third-largest shipping company, as part of a previous agreement for 4 similar vessels [2] Group 2 - In addition to the recent orders, HD Hyundai Heavy Industries has secured a total of 31 new ship orders worth 4.89 billion USD in 2023, achieving 27.1% of its annual target of 18.05 billion USD [3] - The company has seen a resurgence in container ship demand, with a total of 28 container ship orders worth 4.5 billion USD secured in the second half of last year [3] - As of this year, over 50% of the container ships ordered by HD Hyundai Heavy Industries are accounted for by 16 vessels [3]