新华社伦敦5月1日电 特稿｜动摇科研根基 重创国际合作——特朗普政府科技政策引发科学界担忧 新华社记者郭爽 美国《纽约时报》报道说，美国新政府为了压制或避免"政治上偏向"的研究结果，已经删除了有关空气 质量、地震强度和海底地质等领域的大量公开数据集。文章说，在美国政府希望"尽可能少做"的当下， 最好人们什么都不知道，这样就不用去采取行动预防或者改善什么。 历史上，美国科技崛起得益于人才引进，但现在越来越多的科学家正考虑"逃离"美国。据英国《卫报》 近日报道，由于担心被拘留，一些澳大利亚学者已拒绝赴美参加学术会议。《纽约时报》上述报道指 出，美国有三分之一的诺贝尔奖得主出生于外国，但新一届政府移民政策的冲击却将一些科学家卷入其 中。 美国哈佛大学肯尼迪政府学院科学政策专家约翰·霍尔德伦表示，美国政府造成的损害可能会使美国科 学研究倒退数十年。"如此大的破坏性影响将极难逆转，需要很长时间才能恢复。" 动摇科研根基 英国《自然》杂志日前刊文说，特朗普上台仅3个月，就动摇了80多年来美国政府对科学的支持。政府 解雇了数千名政府机构的科学家，使大量研究陷入停滞，许多临床试验也被迫停止。美国政府还威胁要 削减美国研究型大 ...

Group 1 - The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) will implement governance measures for talent projects to enhance the effectiveness of funding and ensure resources are directed towards innovative frontline researchers by 2025 [1] - In 2024, China's basic research funding is projected to reach 249.7 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 10.5%, with significant improvements in high-impact papers and international competitiveness [1] - The NSFC aims to strengthen original innovation capabilities by reforming talent projects and establishing a funding mechanism for non-consensus projects, promoting interdisciplinary research and disruptive innovation [1] Group 2 - The NSFC will enhance organized basic research to support economic and social development, expand joint funds to attract more social resources, and explore new support models for private enterprises [2] - A global scientific research fund will be established to facilitate international research funding [2]

Group 1 - The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) is focusing on enhancing original innovation capabilities and supporting economic and social development through organized basic research [1][2] - In 2024, China's basic research funding reached 249.7 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 10.5%, reflecting the country's commitment to high-level technological self-reliance and innovation [1] - The NSFC aims to explore new models of support for private enterprises and allow central enterprise research institutions to register as supporting units [2] Group 2 - The NSFC is set to mobilize resources effectively to ensure that valuable scientific resources are directed towards innovative frontline researchers [1] - The meeting included representatives from various stakeholders, including NSFC staff, review experts, supporting units, and researchers, to discuss the 2025 project review work [2] - The NSFC plans to establish a global scientific research fund to enhance international openness and influence [2]

【环球时报综合报道】编者的话：今年以来，随着特朗普政府不断削减美国高校及研究机构经费，越来 越多美国科研人员将目光投向海外，欧洲各国政府及研究机构掀起被美国"政治新闻网"欧洲版形容 的"知识淘金热"，争先恐后地增加自身对美国顶尖科研人才的吸引力。比如，根据欧盟现行政策，移居 欧洲的美国研究人员最高可获得450万欧元的资助。美国目前的人才流失情况如何？哪类研究人员最受 欧洲国家欢迎？欧洲各国能否把握住这波"淘金热"的机会呢？针对上述问题，《环球时报》记者近日进 行了调查，发现欧洲各国对美国研究人员的吸引侧重点各有不同，砸重金"抢人"的模式也面临一些争议 和质疑。 所谓的 " 美国梦 " 已不复存在 "我有一个朋友不得不开启线上众筹来维持她在美国实验室的运转。"目前正在立陶宛维尔纽斯大学工作 的美国生物化学博士斯蒂芬·琼斯告诉《滚石》杂志，2020年美国总统选举期间，他在得克萨斯大学完 成了博士后工作，尽管当时特朗普没有赢得选举，但在新冠疫情暴发期间，反科学情绪在美国社会蔓 延，对比之下，欧洲更有吸引力，因此他和妻子选择离开。 时至今日，琼斯很庆幸自己的选择，他说他的研究资金比以往任何时候都要稳定，他不需要把学生 ...

Group 1 - In the first quarter of this year, the number of overseas job applications and views by American researchers increased by over 30% year-on-year, indicating a shift in focus towards international opportunities due to significant cuts in U.S. research funding [1] - A notable increase in overseas job applications was observed, with a 32% rise in applications and a 35% increase in views from U.S. users, particularly a 68% increase in views in March alone [1] - The termination of over 200 federal grants for AIDS-related research and cuts to COVID-19 research funding by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have contributed to this trend [1] Group 2 - A survey conducted by Nature magazine revealed that over 75% of researchers expressed a desire to leave the U.S., with Europe and Canada being the preferred destinations [2] - Job applications from U.S. scientists to Europe and Canada increased by 32% and 42% respectively, while applications from European and Canadian researchers to U.S. institutions decreased by 41% and 13% [2] Group 3 - Several European countries and academic institutions are actively seeking to attract U.S. researchers, with the European Research Council (ERC) doubling its relocation budget for funded researchers [3] - Initiatives such as the Marie Curie Actions program and special visa provisions for top talent are being explored to enhance Europe's appeal to international researchers [3] - French President Macron emphasized the importance of research and innovation, inviting global researchers to choose France and Europe [3] Group 4 - Despite efforts to attract talent, Europe faces challenges such as insufficient funding for higher education compared to the U.S., with total R&D spending in the EU at €381 billion (approximately $411 billion) versus the U.S. at an estimated $940 billion [4] - The European University Association reported a pessimistic outlook on future government investments due to recent funding cuts and ongoing global political tensions [4] - Salary and research resources are critical factors for applicants considering positions in Europe, with concerns about lower income levels compared to the U.S. [4][5] Group 5 - The competition for attracting researchers is intensifying, with initiatives like Aix-Marseille University's "Safe Place for Science" offering funding for displaced U.S. researchers [7] - Interest in job opportunities in Asian countries is also rising among U.S. researchers, with a 30% increase in views and a 20% increase in applications for positions in China [7] - The competitive landscape for academic positions in Hong Kong is becoming more challenging due to the influx of returning researchers from North America [7]

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of a national asset adjustment and sharing platform for administrative and public institutions in China aims to optimize the utilization of state-owned assets, reduce inefficiencies, and enhance resource allocation efficiency [1][3]. Group 1: Platform Functionality - The platform covers all administrative and public institutions nationwide, featuring functions such as adjustment square, sharing square, and demand square to effectively match supply and demand for assets [2]. - It operates like a "second-hand platform" for administrative assets, allowing institutions to publish idle asset information and view requests for shared assets from other units [2]. - The platform leverages an existing integrated system, eliminating the need for additional construction and operational costs, thus enhancing asset utilization at minimal expense [3]. Group 2: Impact and Benefits - The platform has gathered nearly 200,000 pieces of asset adjustment and sharing information, facilitating cross-departmental and cross-regional asset sharing [3]. - By optimizing asset management and sharing, the platform aims to convert "sleeping" assets into active resources, thereby saving financial resources and enhancing the effectiveness of public institutions [2][3]. - The initiative aligns with the central government's directive to improve resource allocation efficiency and address issues of asset redundancy and waste [3][4].

Group 1 - The development of hydrogen energy is crucial for addressing national strategic needs and global carbon neutrality challenges, with a focus on efficient, stable, and low-cost hydrogen production [1][3] - Beijing University of Science and Technology (BUST) has successfully transitioned from laboratory research to industrial-scale production in green hydrogen technology, achieving significant breakthroughs in alkaline water electrolysis equipment [1][4] - In 2024, BUST's industry-university-research cooperation contracts reached 2.65 billion yuan, with a growth rate exceeding 50% for two consecutive years and a 79% increase in technology transfer revenue [1][4] Group 2 - The "Reduce, Increase, Release" policy reform at BUST aims to lower management fees for horizontal research projects, increase the revenue share for researchers, and grant autonomy to research teams for technology transfer [2][3] - The research team led by Academician Zhang Yue has developed low-cost, high-activity, and long-lifetime catalytic electrode materials, essential for scaling up alkaline water electrolysis for hydrogen production [3][4] - BUST has established a concept verification center to facilitate the transition of research outcomes to practical applications, with 189 partners and a project library of 110 verification projects [5][6] Group 3 - The establishment of the concept verification center allows collaboration with enterprises to validate the performance of solid-state battery materials, aiming for rapid technology transfer if successful [6] - BUST is committed to integrating technology innovation with industrial innovation, creating a comprehensive management model for the entire chain from research output to technology transfer [6]

Group 1 - The core focus of the recent video call between Chinese Vice Premier and U.S. Trade Representative was on bilateral economic and trade issues, emphasizing the importance of honest dialogue to enhance mutual understanding and resolve existing problems [1][4] - China expressed serious concerns regarding the U.S. tariffs imposed under the pretext of fentanyl and the ongoing 301 investigation, urging the U.S. to return to negotiations based on equality [1][3] - The U.S. has not committed to canceling the tariffs but acknowledged the significance of continued communication to address mutual concerns [4][6] Group 2 - The U.S. Department of Commerce recently added over 50 Chinese companies and research institutions to its "entity list," citing national security threats related to advancements in AI and quantum computing [6] - President Trump announced a 25% tariff on all imported cars, effective April 2, stating that this measure would be permanent and would not apply to cars manufactured in the U.S. [6] - The concept of "reciprocal tariffs" is being promoted by the Trump administration, which could escalate the trade conflict between the U.S. and China, potentially leading to a countdown in the trade war [8]

Group 1 - The Chinese government has allocated 200 billion yuan for special long-term bonds to support equipment upgrades, an increase of 50 billion yuan compared to last year [1] - The support scope has expanded to include electronic information, facility agriculture, safety production, and grain and oil processing [1] - In the electronic information sector, server manufacturers are accelerating equipment updates to meet the surge in orders for AI servers driven by the application of AI models like DeepSeek [1] Group 2 - In the transportation sector, a new round of equipment updates has been initiated, supporting the scrapping and replacement of National III and IV emission standard trucks [3] - In Henan province, subsidies of up to 95,000 yuan are available for scrapping old trucks or purchasing new ones, with an additional annual operating subsidy of up to 15,000 yuan for new energy trucks [3] Group 3 - Facility agriculture is one of the newly included areas for equipment upgrades, with a focus on the use of new logistics transportation equipment in greenhouses [4] - A new automated pallet forklift system has been implemented in a smart seedling factory in Heilongjiang, enabling unmanned transportation of seedling trays [5] Group 4 - The upgraded smart seedling factory is expected to improve operational efficiency by 20% and reduce labor costs by 15%, enhancing seedling uniformity and supporting cost reduction and quality improvement for spring farming [8] - Smart inspection robots will also be introduced to monitor seedling growth conditions in the greenhouse [8] Group 5 - The research sector is also a key focus for equipment upgrades this year, with increased funding and broader coverage compared to last year [9] - At West Lake University, new high-precision research instruments are being introduced, including a multi-electron beam scanning electron microscope for inspecting the internal structure of AR glasses lenses [11] Group 6 - The new equipment is expected to significantly shorten the time from basic research to commercialization, potentially reducing it from several years to just a few months [13] - High-value research instruments account for over 60% of the equipment updates at West Lake University, focusing on cutting-edge interdisciplinary fields and future industries [13]