新华社北京12月24日电 题：激活有效投资 打开经济发展新空间 开栏的话： 2025年是"十四五"规划收官之年。 一年来，面对错综复杂的国际形势和艰巨繁重的国内改革发展稳定任务，以习近平同志为核心的党 中央团结带领全党全国各族人民迎难而上、奋力拼搏，坚定不移贯彻新发展理念、推动高质量发展，有 效应对一系列重大风险挑战，经济社会发展主要目标将顺利完成。 即日起，新华社推出"2025年终经济观察"系列报道，回望中国经济一年来顶压前行、向新向优发展 的不平凡历程，反映各地区各部门深入贯彻落实党中央决策部署，苦干实干、不断开创发展新局面的生 动实践，展现中国经济不惧风雨、破浪前进的强大韧性和底气。 新华社记者 投资既是当期需求，也是未来供给。扩大有效投资，是推动高质量发展的战略之举。 近期召开的中央经济工作会议强调，"必须坚持投资于物和投资于人紧密结合"。记者在调研中感受 到，推动投资于物和投资于人互促共进，促进消费和投资、供给和需求良性互动，我国扩大有效投资潜 力巨大、空间广阔。 打开投资于物新空间 眼下，贵州省铜仁市思南县花滩子水库工程建设现场，智能化机械设备轰鸣作响，工人们抓紧进行 大坝混凝土浇筑施工。 "作为 ...

■主持人：于颖 本报记者 ■嘉宾：沈开艳 上海社会科学院经济研究所所长、研究员 劳帼龄 上海财经大学中国式现代化研究院特聘研究员、电子商务研究中心主任 张伊娜 复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院教授、消费市场大数据实验室（上海）主任 主持人："十五五"规划建议提出"坚持扩大内需这个战略基点"，刚刚召开的中央经济工作会议将"坚持 内需主导，建设强大国内市场"放在2026年经济工作重点任务之首。如何理解从"扩大内需"到"内需主 导"的这种战略升级？ （来源：上观新闻） 【编者按】"大国经济的优势就是内部可循环。"党的二十届四中全会对扩大内需作出战略部署，刚刚召 开的中央经济工作会议将"坚持内需主导，建设强大国内市场"列为明年经济工作的重点任务之首，并明 确提出"深入实施提振消费专项行动，制定实施城乡居民增收计划""优化'两新'政策实施"等一系列长效 举措。 扩大内需既关系经济稳定，也关系经济安全，不是权宜之计，而是战略之举。在内外部发展环境日趋严 峻复杂的大背景下，如何深刻认识扩大内需的战略基点地位？如何推进消费结构升级，以消费和投资的 相互促进扩大国内需求？本报约请三位学者研讨交流。 沈开艳：从"扩大内需"到"内需 ...

在干字当头中书写答卷。做好明年经济工作，各地要始终坚持干字当头，从老旧小区改造，到建设现代 化人民城市，从绿色低碳发展，到扩大内需，无论是事关地方经济社会发展的大事，还是与人民群众密 切相关的小事，要持续推进，不能紧一阵松一阵。面对发展中的各种困难与问题，要做到事不避难、义 不逃责，一步一个脚印、一棒接着一棒往前走。在实干中书写载入史册的光辉答卷，激发坚持不懈的接 续奋斗。广大党员、干部要拿出实干精神，贯穿在经济社会发展的每一个环节与细节中，镌刻在"如期 全面建成小康社会"的历史丰碑上。无论面对怎样的艰难曲折，都始终要坚持实干的历史耐心和战略定 力，立足自身职责，坚持干字当头，努力把每一件小事做好，把每一件好事做实，推动各项举措落地见 效、各项难题迎刃而解、各项工作取得实效。 在民生福祉中纾解难题。做好明年经济工作，既要在高质量发展上发力，在科技创新与产业创新上深度 融合，也要在人民群众关心关注的各种急难愁盼上发力。在治国理政这张考卷上，要更加突出民生发展 底色。从幼有所育来看，这个问题既关乎民生福祉，更关系人口长期均衡发展、国家和民族的未来。持 续增加供给，缓解"一位难求"的矛盾；降低负担，每孩每年3600 ...

Core Insights - Investment is one of the "three driving forces" for economic growth, crucial for expanding domestic demand and supporting long-term stability and welfare [1] - The Central Economic Work Conference emphasized the need to "stop the decline and stabilize investment," reflecting a deep understanding of the current economic situation and a commitment to growth and transformation [1] Investment Trends - Since 2025, there has been increasing downward pressure on investment, with fixed asset investment growth declining by 2.6% year-on-year from January to November [1] - Traditional engines like real estate and infrastructure are weakening, while investments in high-tech sectors such as clean energy and aerospace are rapidly increasing, indicating a positive shift in investment structure [1] Strategic Focus Areas - Investment should be directed towards key areas such as national security, industrial chain resilience, technological innovation, urban renewal, infrastructure, and energy [2] - Projects like the Shanghai-Chongqing Railway exemplify how infrastructure can enhance regional economic coordination and improve public convenience, yielding significant indirect investment returns [2] Investment Sources - Government investment plays a crucial role as a "navigator," guiding resources to public sectors and key areas where the market cannot effectively allocate resources [3] - Private investment, which accounts for over half of total fixed asset investment, is essential for maintaining investment growth resilience [3] Enhancing Private Investment - To activate private investment, practical measures are needed to expand market access, eliminate policy barriers, and strengthen rights protection [4] - The long-term positive economic fundamentals, potential for industrial upgrades, regional coordination, green transformation opportunities, and demand for public welfare collectively form a substantial potential pool for investment growth [4]

明年要着眼惠民生增后劲，推动投资止跌回稳。当前投资出现下滑，但我国在科技创新、产业升级、基础设施、改善民生等方面还有不少短板弱 项。要把投资于物和投资于人相结合，统筹提振消费和扩大投资，加快建设停车场、充电桩、旅游公路等消费基础设施，提高养老、托育、医疗等 民生类投资比重，高质量推进城市更新，着力扩大有效投资。要有效发挥政府投资带动作用，用好中央预算内投资、超长期特别国债、地方政府专 项债券等资金，优化实施"两重"项目，靠前实施具备条件的"十五五"重大项目，发挥重大工程牵引带动作用。要激发民间投资活力，落实好进一步促 进民间投资发展的若干措施，支持民营企业参与铁路、核电等领域重大项目，引导民间投资向高技术、服务业等新赛道拓展，以更实举措增强民间 投资信心。 据新华社，针对内需发展现状如何？提振消费、扩大投资的空间和动力在哪里？ 中央财办有关负责同志表示，扩大内需是明年排在首位的重点任 务。 今年我国内需总体保持稳健，前三季度内需对经济增长贡献率达到71%。提振消费政策成效明显，扩大有效投资扎实推进。我们也注意到，近 几个月消费和投资增速有所放缓，需要持续加力扩内需。 明年要把握消费的结构性变化，从供需两侧发力 ...

（原标题：中央财办有关负责同志详解2025年中央经济工作会议精神） 人民财讯12月16日电，当前经济形势怎么看？"十五五"新开局重点任务如何推进？聚焦舆论关注的热点 问题，中央财办有关负责同志会后第一时间接受中央主要媒体采访，深入解读中央经济工作会议精神。 问：内需发展现状如何？提振消费、扩大投资的空间和动力在哪里？ 答：扩大内需是明年排在首位的重点任务。今年我国内需总体保持稳健，前三季度内需对经济增长贡献 率达到71%。提振消费政策成效明显，扩大有效投资扎实推进。我们也注意到，近几个月消费和投资增 速有所放缓，需要持续加力扩内需。 人民财讯12月16日电，当前经济形势怎么看？"十五五"新开局重点任务如何推进？聚焦舆论关注的热点 问题，中央财办有关负责同志会后第一时间接受中央主要媒体采访，深入解读中央经济工作会议精神。 问：内需发展现状如何？提振消费、扩大投资的空间和动力在哪里？ 答：扩大内需是明年排在首位的重点任务。今年我国内需总体保持稳健，前三季度内需对经济增长贡献 率达到71%。提振消费政策成效明显，扩大有效投资扎实推进。我们也注意到，近几个月消费和投资增 速有所放缓，需要持续加力扩内需。 明年要把握消 ...

来源：金融界AI电报 国家发改委在《求是》杂志发表文章《坚定实施扩大内需战略》中指出，着力释放居民消费潜力。一方 面，大力提升居民消费意愿。深入实施提振消费专项行动。加力稳定大宗消费，实施好消费品以旧换新 政策。强化品牌引领、标准升级、新技术应用，打造一批带动面广、显示度高的消费新场景。支持首发 经济、赛事经济、电子商务等发展。顺应消费升级、人口老龄化、促进出生人口增长等需要，在养老、 托育、健康、文旅等消费配套设施领域实施一批重点项目。大力实施城市更新，抓好停车场、老旧电梯 更新等民生微项目。进一步拓展入境消费，提升便利化水平。另一方面，切实增强居民消费能力。强化 就业优先政策，多渠道稳定和扩大就业，优化创业促进就业政策环境，支持重点群体就业。实施城乡居 民增收计划，提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重，提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重，努力实现居 民收入和经济增长同步、劳动报酬提高和劳动生产率提高同步。加大直达消费者的普惠政策力度，增加 政府资金用于民生保障支出。健全社会保障体系，稳步推进基本公共服务均等化，加大生育养育支持力 度。 ...

最近，商务部、央行、金融监管总局联合发布了一份重磅文件：《关于加强商务和金融协同，更大力度 提振消费的通知》。 一句话概括这份文件的核心思路就是：金融，要更直接、更主动地为"多花钱"这件事服务。这对金融市 场，尤其是A股，意味着什么？我们慢慢拆。 这份《通知》里，一共提出了3个方面、11条措施，内容很多，但如果从金融视角来看，其实逻辑非常 清楚：想尽一切办法，把消费信心、消费能力和消费场景重新激活。 而金融系统，是这次发力的"关键工具人"。 第一条主线：商品消费，要花得动钱，这次文件里，对商品消费的支持给得非常细、也非常直接。比 如：大宗耐用品、数码产品，汽车以旧换新等等，核心就一件事：让消费者买东西时，金融跟得上、撑 得住、成本更低。 政策明确要求：消费贷款额度更灵活，期限可以拉长，利率要更差异化，甚至连提前还车贷的违约金， 都可以适当减免。 政策明确提出，要让金融产品更贴近消费场景，而不是只停留在给贷款。 比如：服务消费专项贷款，养老再贷款，知识产权、科技成果等"无形资产"也能融资，商业保险、健康 险、年金险配套跟上。 这其实是在为服务业修复、就业稳定打基础。而这，对整个经济和资本市场都是正反馈。 第三条 ...

Core Viewpoint - The "National Subsidy" policy has significantly boosted consumption, benefiting over 360 million consumers and generating over 2.5 trillion yuan in consumption from January to November 2025 [1]. Group 1: Policy Impact - The "National Subsidy" has led to substantial exchanges, including over 11.2 million old cars, 12.844 million old home appliances, and 9.015 million digital products [1]. - The official deadline for the 2025 "National Subsidy" is set for the end of this month, with no extensions or additional budgets available once the funds are exhausted [1][2]. Group 2: Future Expectations - The "National Subsidy" policy is expected to continue into 2026, with potential adjustments to its core rules [3][6]. - The funding for the "National Subsidy" increased from 150 billion yuan in 2024 to 300 billion yuan in 2025, with expectations for a slight increase or maintenance of this scale in 2026 [8][9]. Group 3: Changes in Subsidy Categories - The 2025 policy expanded to include three new digital product categories and four new home appliance categories, indicating a shift towards more diverse consumer goods [13]. - Future policies may focus more on service consumption, targeting areas such as cultural tourism, sports, and health care, while also emphasizing green and smart products [13][14]. Group 4: Regulatory Adjustments - Due to issues like scalping and fraudulent transactions in 2025, the 2026 "National Subsidy" may implement stricter eligibility criteria and smarter regulatory measures to ensure funds reach genuine consumers [16].

Core Insights - The education and training industry faces both opportunities and pressures in 2025, with institutions encountering challenges such as demographic decline, decreased consumer spending, increased competition, and rising costs [1][5][29] Group 1: Industry Challenges - The industry is experiencing a significant decline in student enrollment, with first-grade new student numbers dropping by approximately 25% year-over-year, and projections indicating a potential 50% reduction in elementary school students by 2033 [5] - Consumer spending is on the decline, particularly among middle-class families, impacting enrollment rates; for instance, the average monthly fee for after-school care in Shanghai is around 4500 yuan, reflecting a high-end pricing strategy [5] - Increased competition from new chain brands is squeezing the market, making it harder for smaller institutions to maintain their competitive edge [5] - Rising labor costs are driven by mandatory increases in social security and housing funds, coupled with high employee turnover rates, which can reach 7% monthly, leading to increased recruitment and training costs [6] Group 2: Strategies for Growth - The company emphasizes the need for "internal seeking" to address challenges, focusing on both revenue generation and cost control [6][29] - Four key strategies for revenue generation include: 1. **Marketing Optimization**: Implementing detailed tracking of leads and conversion rates to enhance enrollment processes [7][8] 2. **Process Standardization**: Establishing standardized operating procedures (SOPs) to ensure consistent service delivery and management efficiency [18][20] 3. **Training Systematization**: Developing a structured training program to quickly onboard new employees and maintain service quality [21][23] 4. **Visual Value Communication**: Enhancing the visual presentation of services and results to improve perceived value among parents [24][26] Group 3: Cost Control Measures - Effective cost control relies on understanding financial data, including income and expenses, to identify areas for potential savings [27][28] - Institutions are encouraged to maintain basic financial reports and utilize tools like electronic accounting to track costs accurately [28] - Financial forecasting is essential for assessing growth trends and ensuring cash flow sustainability [28]