Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the successful harvest of quinoa in Jingle County, Shanxi Province, showcasing the region's significance as a major quinoa production area in China [1] Group 1: Quinoa Production - Jingle County has 50,000 acres of quinoa that are maturing, displaying vibrant colors such as golden, fiery red, and purple [1] - The region is known as the "Hometown of Quinoa" in China, with ideal growing conditions due to its altitude of around 1,400 meters, cool climate, large temperature differences between day and night, and long sunlight hours [1] - The picturesque quinoa fields, combined with harvesting machines and busy farmers, create a stunning visual representation of the harvest season [1]

Core Insights - The article highlights the successful agricultural practices in Shandong Province, particularly in Jining City, where soybean cultivation is thriving with advanced techniques and high-yield potential [1][3]. Group 1: Agricultural Development - Jining City has 140,000 acres of soybeans entering the podding stage, showcasing robust growth [1]. - The Shandong Huaya Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. is utilizing drones for pest control and has developed a new generation of high-oil, high-yield soybeans with a potential yield exceeding 640 jin per mu [1]. - The province has established a diversified food supply system integrating various agricultural resources, enhancing food security through regulations and initiatives [1]. Group 2: Technological Integration - Shandong has built 77.59 million acres of high-standard farmland and promoted over 2 million acres of quality seed varieties [1][3]. - Advanced agricultural equipment, such as "Beidou Navigation+" and high-performance seeders, are widely adopted, with 73.1% of high-yield cultivation models in use [1]. - The integration of technology in farming practices, including drip irrigation and water-fertilizer integration, is expected to increase yields by over 5% in composite planting areas [1]. Group 3: Grain Production Achievements - Shandong has seen continuous growth in summer grain production for three consecutive years, with a record summer grain planting area of 60.444 million acres, an increase of 81,000 acres year-on-year [3]. - The summer grain yield reached 452.8 kg per mu, with a total production of 54.74 billion jin, an increase of 410 million jin compared to the previous year [3]. - The province is actively preparing for the autumn harvest by implementing key technologies for pest monitoring and loss reduction, supported by 18,000 agricultural technicians [4].

对比实验显示，就与大豆共生的一氧化二氮分解能力强的根瘤菌所占比例来看，未改造大豆的比例约为 55%，而新品种大豆这一比例提升至92%；大豆收割后对比农田的一氧化二氮排放量，发现种植新品种 大豆的农田一氧化二氮排放量只有未改造大豆农田的15%。 公报说，大豆在世界范围内被广泛种植，新方法能削减大豆农田一氧化二氮排放量，有助于减缓全球气 候变暖。相关论文已发表于英国《自然-通讯》杂志上。（完） 研究团队发现，一部分根瘤菌拥有将一氧化二氮分解成氮的能力，而氮气本身是大气的主要成分，不会 加重温室效应。于是他们利用根瘤菌共生中的"共生不亲和性"，培育出新品种大豆，让分解一氧化二氮 能力强的根瘤菌优先与大豆共生，取代农田中大部分原有的无一氧化二氮分解能力或能力很弱的根瘤 菌。 新华社东京9月15日电（记者钱铮）一氧化二氮是重要的温室气体之一，主要源于农业活动排放，其使 地球变暖的能力是二氧化碳的约265倍。日本一项新研究开发出让分解一氧化二氮能力强的根瘤菌优先 与大豆共生的技术，能减少农田一氧化二氮排放量，有助于减缓气候变暖。 日本国立农业食品产业技术综合研究机构、带广畜产大学等近日发布联合新闻公报介绍，氮是植物生长 ...

Core Viewpoint - The research team from the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences has identified the key gene GSL5 responsible for root knot disease in cruciferous crops, which causes significant economic losses in China, amounting to hundreds of billions of yuan annually [1][2]. Group 1: Research Findings - Root knot disease, caused by the pathogen root-knot nematodes, poses a severe threat to the supply of edible oil and vegetables in China [1]. - The GSL5 gene assists root-knot nematodes in infecting crops by being hijacked by the nematode's effector proteins, which shut down the plant's disease resistance pathways [1][2]. - Gene editing technology has been successfully used to knock out the GSL5 gene in various crops, leading to the development of new varieties of oilseed rape, cabbage, and kale that exhibit broad-spectrum resistance or immunity to root-knot nematodes [2]. Group 2: Implications and Innovations - This breakthrough challenges the traditional breeding methods that rely on interspecific hybridization for disease resistance in cruciferous crops, paving the way for a new approach in disease resistance improvement through gene editing [2]. - The research provides significant technological support for ensuring the autonomy and control of superior genes and seed sources in China [2]. - The findings were published in the prestigious journal Nature Genetics, highlighting the importance and recognition of this research in the scientific community [3].

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of the world's largest barley germplasm resource base in Linzhou County, Lhasa, Tibet, is crucial for preserving diverse strains of barley, which are essential for food security and agricultural resilience in the region [2][25]. Group 1: Importance of Barley - Barley, specifically highland barley, is a traditional staple food for the Tibetan people and is vital for food security in Tibet due to its adaptability to extreme high-altitude climates [4]. - The diverse strains of barley serve as a "genetic bank," providing potential resistance to diseases and ensuring food supply stability in case of agricultural crises [2]. Group 2: Research and Development - The germplasm resource base contains over 4,000 varieties of barley, which are essential for breeding programs aimed at improving crop resilience and yield [2][25]. - The barley yield in Tibet has significantly increased from less than 200 jin per mu (approximately 100 kg) in the early days of liberation to 700-800 jin per mu (approximately 350-400 kg) today, with 80%-90% of the area covered by improved varieties [24]. Group 3: Personal Journey of Researchers - Dawa Tonzhu, a key researcher, was inspired by his mentors and the historical contributions of earlier scientists in the field of barley research, leading him to pursue advanced studies and contribute to the development of new barley varieties [10][27]. - The late Nima Zhashi, a prominent figure in Tibetan barley research, played a crucial role in supporting Dawa Tonzhu's education and career, emphasizing the importance of fieldwork and farmer engagement in agricultural research [12][22]. Group 4: Future Directions - The ongoing efforts to breed new barley varieties and promote agricultural technology are vital for enhancing the productivity and sustainability of barley farming in Tibet [25][27]. - The research community aims to leverage the genetic diversity preserved in the germplasm resource base to develop improved barley strains that can meet the challenges posed by climate change and agricultural diseases [27].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the potato harvesting activities in Zhangye, Gansu, emphasizing the agricultural practices and the significance of potato cultivation in the region [1][3][4][5] Group 1: Agricultural Practices - The potato harvesting process in Zhangye involves local farmers utilizing modern techniques to enhance yield and efficiency [1][3] - The region's climate and soil conditions are favorable for potato growth, contributing to a successful harvest season [4][5] Group 2: Economic Impact - Potato cultivation plays a crucial role in the local economy, providing income and employment opportunities for farmers in Zhangye [1][4] - The increase in potato production is expected to boost the overall agricultural output of Gansu province [3][5]

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of the world's largest barley germplasm resource base in Linzhou County, Lhasa, Tibet, is crucial for agricultural biodiversity and food security, particularly for the local population who rely heavily on barley as a staple food and currency [1][3][5]. Group 1: Importance of Barley - Barley, specifically Qiang barley, is essential for the Tibetan people, serving as both food and a medium of exchange for other goods like butter and meat [5]. - The genetic diversity of over 4,000 barley varieties is vital for resilience against potential agricultural crises, such as plant diseases [1][3]. Group 2: Research and Development - The germplasm resource base was developed under the leadership of Dawa Tonzhu, who emphasized the importance of maintaining diverse barley varieties for future breeding efforts [1][24]. - The yield of barley in Tibet has significantly improved, with production per mu increasing from less than 200 jin to 700-800 jin, and the coverage of improved varieties reaching 80%-90% [23]. Group 3: Personal Journey of Dawa Tonzhu - Dawa Tonzhu's journey from a student with financial difficulties to a leading researcher in barley cultivation highlights the importance of mentorship and support in agricultural science [9][11]. - His experiences in the field have shaped his understanding of agricultural challenges and the need for practical solutions that directly benefit local farmers [19][24]. Group 4: Legacy and Future Directions - The passing of his mentor, Nima Zhaxi, marked a significant moment, yet Dawa Tonzhu continues to advance barley research and development, ensuring the legacy of scientific inquiry and agricultural improvement in Tibet [21][24]. - The focus remains on utilizing the rich genetic resources available to develop new barley varieties that can meet the evolving needs of the agricultural sector [29][30].

Core Insights - Brazil's crop production is expected to reach a record high of 340.5 million tons in 2025, representing a year-on-year increase of 16.3% [1] - The harvested area for crops is projected to be 81.2 million hectares, which is a 2.7% increase compared to the previous year [1] Crop Production Highlights - Soybean production is forecasted at 165.5 million tons, showing a year-on-year growth of 14.2% [1] - Corn production is expected to reach 137.6 million tons, with a significant increase of 19.9% [1] - Sorghum production is projected at 4.9 million tons, reflecting a growth of 23.6% [1] - Cotton (seed cotton) production is anticipated to be 9.5 million tons, marking a 7.1% increase [1] - Rice production is estimated at 12.5 million tons, with a year-on-year growth of 17.7% [1] - Wheat production is expected to be 7.7 million tons, showing a modest increase of 2.3% [1]

Core Insights - Pro Farmer's crop survey indicates that the expected corn yield in Minnesota for 2025 is 202.86 bushels per acre, a significant increase from the 2024 survey which reported 164.90 bushels per acre [1] - The average soybean pod count in Minnesota for 2025 is projected to be 1247.86 pods, up from 1036.59 pods in the 2024 crop survey [1] Summary by Category - **Corn Production** - Expected yield for 2025: 202.86 bushels per acre [1] - 2024 yield reported: 164.90 bushels per acre [1] - **Soybean Production** - Expected average pod count for 2025: 1247.86 pods [1] - 2024 average pod count reported: 1036.59 pods [1]

Group 1 - Pro Farmer's crop survey indicates that the expected corn yield in Iowa's D1 region for 2025 is 197.89 bushels per acre, an increase from 176.59 bushels per acre in 2024 [1] - The average soybean pod count in the same region is projected to be 1279.25 for 2025, up from 1108.76 in 2024 [1]