（来源：经济日报） 转自：经济日报 在巴基斯坦首都伊斯兰堡，一幢幢房屋的屋顶上涌起"深蓝之潮"——越来越多太阳能电池板进入寻常家 庭，在充沛的南亚阳光下服务于人们的日常生活。 巴基斯坦民众多年来一直受到电力匮乏的困扰。穆罕默德·亚明·古雷希是巴南部城市卡拉奇的一位居 民，最近他给自家买了一套太阳能供电系统。"电力公司老是断电，电费又高，很羡慕那些能安得起太 阳能系统的家庭。这几年光伏板降价了，我终于也能负担得起了，于是决定自己也买一套。" 根据国际能源署和多家研究机构的报告，过去10年间，全球太阳能板价格下降了80％到90％，这主要归 功于中国光伏企业的规模化生产和技术创新。统计显示，中国生产了全球约80％的太阳能电池板。如 今，中国的光伏板已走出国门，在全球各个国家普惠大众。 当光伏板在屋顶铺展开来，一种源自家庭、小而坚韧的能源自主正悄然重塑巴基斯坦的能源版图。得益 于中国的太阳能板，原本用台灯都需要"计较"电费的普通百姓，开始越来越多地在家中点亮装饰灯，可 以说，中巴能源合作真正意义上照亮了他们的生活。 有趣的是，光伏板的影响甚至深入了当地的婚俗领域。传统上，巴基斯坦人婚礼前最常赠送的礼物是黄 金首饰与手 ...

Core Insights - Guangdong's goods trade import and export reached 9.49 trillion yuan in 2025, marking a 4.4% year-on-year increase and setting a historical record, accounting for 20.9% of the national foreign trade total, contributing 24.1% to national foreign trade growth [2] Group 1: Export Structure and Growth - The export structure in Guangdong is shifting towards new and superior products, with new productive forces accelerating growth. In 2025, Guangdong exported 4.15 trillion yuan in electromechanical products, a 7.3% increase, making up 68.7% of total exports, up 3.1 percentage points year-on-year [3] - Exports of electronic components, electrical equipment, and computers grew by 20%, 16.8%, and 9.9% respectively, while green and intelligent products like drones, 3D printers, and industrial robots saw export growth rates of 40.9%, 37.1%, and 33.9% [3] Group 2: Company Performance and Market Expansion - Dongguan's Songling Technology Co., Ltd. reported a 52% increase in orders in 2025 compared to 2024, with an expected stable growth rate of 30% to 40% for the current year. The company exported industrial robots worth 460 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of over 30% [4] - The Guangdong Customs has been actively guiding enterprises in technical trade responses and intellectual property protection, facilitating the expansion of Dongguan's smart manufacturing into global markets [4] Group 3: New Trade Dynamics and Support Measures - The Guangdong Customs has focused on cultivating new trade dynamics and creating a "new engine" for foreign trade, with electric vehicle exports increasing 31 times during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, reaching 153 countries and regions [5] - The number of enterprises with import and export performance in Guangdong reached 172,000 in 2025, a 17.6% increase, with private enterprises accounting for 148,000, up 20% [6] Group 4: International Cooperation and Market Diversification - Guangdong's foreign trade market is becoming more diversified, with imports and exports to ASEAN, Hong Kong, and the EU each surpassing 1 trillion yuan in 2025, growing by 5.8%, 12.5%, and 8.4% respectively [8] - The province's exports to emerging markets in Central Asia, Africa, and the Middle East grew by 23.6%, 10.7%, and 8.5%, all exceeding the overall growth rate of Guangdong [8] Group 5: Infrastructure and Regulatory Improvements - Guangdong has implemented 166 measures to promote cross-border trade facilitation, achieving 24/7 appointment customs clearance at key ports and expanding shipping routes to 73 [6] - The provincial government has introduced 108 measures to optimize the business environment, with general trade growing at an average of 9.9% annually, increasing its share from 51.2% to 58.2% [7]

Core Insights - The development of new quality productivity is essential for promoting high-quality development and requires effective supervision to ensure the implementation of major decisions from the central government [1] Group 1: Focus on Key Industries - The integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation is a core path for high-quality development, with a focus on cultivating new quality productivity [2] - Nantong Development Zone has established a leading industry structure consisting of "3+1" sectors: new generation information technology, high-end equipment, pharmaceutical health, and new energy, attracting five billion-level enterprises [2] - The zone has been approved as a pilot area for future industries, focusing on aerospace, future communication, future energy, and deep-sea equipment [2] Group 2: Strengthening Execution in Key Areas - Nantong Development Zone aims to become a leading area for high-quality marine industry development, focusing on shipbuilding and marine engineering, with key enterprises like Zhongtian Marine Cable and Huisheng Clean Energy [3] - The supervisory committee is enhancing collaboration among various departments to streamline project approvals and support the implementation of major marine projects [3] - A commitment system for project approvals has been established to expedite the construction process, ensuring full-cycle service support for project delivery [3] Group 3: Enhancing Business Environment - The approval process for the Tongwei high-efficiency photovoltaic component manufacturing project has been optimized, reducing the timeline from three months to 45 working days [4] - Nantong Development Zone is focused on creating a first-class business environment, with ongoing supervision of 109 key tasks related to business environment improvement [4] - Innovative measures such as flexible law enforcement and immediate policy benefits are being implemented to facilitate the flow of capital, technology, and talent [4]

Core Insights - The emergence of space photovoltaics represents a significant energy revolution driven by advancements in commercial space technology, which is expanding the photovoltaic industry's boundaries beyond Earth [1][3] - New players, particularly innovative entrepreneurs, are strategically entering the market, focusing on building a global satellite network and investing in photovoltaic manufacturing to create substantial production capacity [1][3] - The North American region is experiencing a surge in demand for renewable energy sources like photovoltaics due to aging grid infrastructure, manufacturing reshoring, and explosive growth in artificial intelligence [1][3] Group 1: Space Photovoltaics Overview - Space photovoltaics is gaining attention as a new industry trend, moving beyond traditional ground applications to harness infinite space resources [3] - The rapid development of reusable rocket technology is significantly reducing launch costs, facilitating the acceleration of satellite deployments [9][10] - The market for flexible solar arrays for space applications is projected to grow from approximately $1.12 billion in 2024 to $4.36 billion by 2033, with a compound annual growth rate of about 16.4% [11] Group 2: Battery Technology Developments - Gallium arsenide batteries are currently the preferred power source for most spacecraft due to their high conversion efficiency of over 30% and excellent radiation resistance [2][28] - Heterojunction (HJT) batteries are emerging as a balanced solution between performance and cost, while perovskite batteries are seen as a revolutionary option for addressing space energy challenges [2][28] Group 3: Industry Trends and Opportunities - The entire photovoltaic supply chain is expected to experience structural growth opportunities as space applications become more prevalent [2][30] - Equipment manufacturers are positioned to benefit first from the expansion of new technologies, with significant production capacity growth anticipated [31] - The demand for auxiliary materials, such as conductive pastes and specialized encapsulation films, is expected to rise alongside the expansion of photovoltaic production capacity [36] Group 4: Strategic Player Insights - Companies like SpaceX and Tesla are making significant moves in the photovoltaic space, with plans to build 200GW of photovoltaic capacity in the next three years [31] - The U.S. photovoltaic manufacturing sector is expanding rapidly, with production capacity increasing from 8GW to 64.8GW, a growth of over 700% [31] - Key players in the photovoltaic supply chain, such as Oriental Sunrise and Jida Co., are actively positioning themselves in the high-value space photovoltaic market through strategic partnerships and resource integration [38][40]

最近，马斯克团队考察中国光伏产业链的消息引发关注。马斯克此前提出，计划每年向太空部署100吉瓦太阳能AI卫星能源网络，这相当于全球新增光伏 装机的约1/6，让"太空光伏"概念火出了圈。 光伏和太空的结合早有渊源。1958年，人们在卫星上首次使用太阳电池；十几年后，中国制造的第二颗人造卫星也使用了太阳电池。 为什么这两年市场对太空光伏的关注度持续攀升？一方面，火箭可复用技术降低了发射成本，全球商业航天提速发展，太空经济逐步走向现实。另一方 面，数据中心等加快建设，对电力供应和冷却的综合需求提升，地面基础设施或难以跟上，而太空环境下光伏发电效率远高于地面。 应当说，太空光伏远期想象空间巨大，但目前仍处于探索和验证的初期阶段，产业化进程受技术发展、经济性等因素影响，规模化发展仍需一定时间。比 如，砷化镓电池转换效率高、抗辐射性能优异、可靠性高，但成本高昂；钙钛矿电池有高柔性、低成本等优势，但可靠性有待验证。 更关键的是经济账：根据机构测算，当前太空光伏的度电成本约为2—3美元，而地面光伏的度电成本已降至0.03—0.05美元，两者相差最高达百倍。如果 未来发射成本无法降至当前的1/10以下，且光伏效率无法翻倍提升， ...

Group 1 - Xu Xiaonian is a prominent economist advocating for market self-regulation and minimal government intervention in China's economic development [2][4] - He believes that China's industrial base is still weak and that the country should not rush into high-end technologies like high-speed rail, chips, and new energy vehicles [4][9] - Xu has expressed concerns about the financial risks associated with high-speed rail investments, suggesting that the government should tighten funding and avoid blind expansion [6][7] Group 2 - In the semiconductor sector, Xu argues that China should not aggressively pursue advancements and should allow the market to determine capable enterprises [9][12] - He criticizes the new energy vehicle subsidy policies, suggesting they lead to inefficient spending and do not guarantee competitiveness for private companies [11][12] - Xu has voiced similar concerns regarding solar energy and 5G investments, warning that state-led initiatives could result in overcapacity [12][18] Group 3 - Despite Xu's warnings, China's high-speed rail network has expanded significantly since 2008, with projections to exceed 50,000 kilometers by 2025, accounting for over 70% of the global total [16][23] - The semiconductor industry has seen improvements, with companies like Huawei and SMIC making strides in technology and production capabilities [18][23] - The new energy vehicle market has grown substantially, with BYD surpassing Tesla in global sales, supported by government subsidies [19][23] Group 4 - The solar industry has become a global leader, with China accounting for 85% of component exports and significant cost reductions in production [21][23] - The 5G infrastructure has rapidly developed, with over 400,000 base stations built, enhancing automation in factories and contributing to industrial growth [23][25] - Overall, the combination of state investment and market competition has led to significant advancements in various sectors, countering Xu's more cautious approach [23][29]

作者 丨赖镇桃 编辑丨李艳霞 如果商业有记忆，它的基因里一定刻着航线的密码。 十八世纪的"红头船时代"，广东商人用季节性贸易的风帆，编织起一条跨越南海的供应链。今天，在泰国一派热火朝天的制造车间里，在曼谷 街头穿梭的电商物流车中，粤商的身影依然是其中最活跃的符号。 "泰国常住人口7000万左右，华人华侨有1000多万，这几年来到泰国寻找商机的广东企业家更是不在少数。"泰国粤商会会长林国鑫告诉21世纪 经济报道记者。 观察那些行走在泰国商界的广东商人，有一些是祖父辈就乘船来到湄南河畔打拼的"泰三代""泰四代"，有一些是踩着时代鼓点掘金新大陆的新 粤商。但不谋而合的是，他们勇于穿越边界，始终在创造连接，并将每一次时代潮涌，都转化为同舟共济的航道。 粤商担纲中泰经贸 春江水暖"地"先知。泰国粤商会常务副会长周林省也在曼谷廊曼机场附近经营着一片工业园区，有中资制造业想在泰国投资设厂的，周林省也 会帮着这些企业选地、办证、寻找上游供应商。2019年，看到不少中资企业前后脚纷纷"走出来"，周林省便决定在曼谷附近开发厂房和产业 园，为中企出海提供落脚地。这几年出海的火爆，在用地租金上已经有所反映。 贸易方面，广东更在中泰经 ...

Core Viewpoint - Tesla is reportedly evaluating multiple locations in the U.S. to expand its solar production capacity while increasing recruitment in related fields [1] Group 1: Expansion Plans - Tesla aims to achieve an annual solar manufacturing capacity of 100 gigawatts over the next three years [1] - The company plans to expand its Buffalo, New York factory's capacity to 10 gigawatts and may construct a second factory in New York [1] - Arizona and Idaho are also being considered as potential sites for new facilities [1] Group 2: Leadership and Innovation - CEO Elon Musk mentioned that Tesla is working in tandem with SpaceX to enhance solar production capabilities [1] - Musk also proposed the possibility of sending solar panels into space, indicating a forward-thinking approach to solar technology [1] Group 3: Recruitment Efforts - Tesla is intensifying its hiring efforts in the solar sector to support its expansion plans [1]

近日，马斯克在接受博主德瓦尔克什·帕特尔和约翰·科里森采访时，发出警告：若缺乏颠覆性技术突 破，美国在人工智能、电动汽车等人高科技领域的领先地位，终将输给中国。当被问及中国是否会在人 工智能、电动汽车和人形机器人等领域成为领导者时，他直言不讳，没有颠覆性创新，中国将在未来实 现全面主导。 马斯克的警告点出了美国科技发展的核心问题——创新乏力与供应链脆弱。中国的优势在于完整的产业 链、持续的技术投入和高效的落地能力，并非单纯依靠资源，这也是中国能在高科技领域快速崛起的关 键。科技领先从来不是永恒的，无论是美国还是中国，唯有持续创新，才能保持竞争力。 值得一提的是，马斯克的团队近期秘密考察了中国的异质结和钙钛矿等先进光伏企业。这一举动被解读 为，在华盛顿筑起贸易壁垒时，马斯克选择优先考虑物理和经济学原理，试图利用中国在光伏领域绝对 的成本和技术规模优势。例如，中国先进光伏组件的成本远低于美国同类产品。这种言行之间的差异， 恰恰反映了全球产业深度交织下的复杂现实：一边是战略上的警惕与博弈，另一边是企业在效率与市场 规律驱动下的务实选择。 科技竞争的核心是创新，而非固步自封。马斯克作为全球科技领域的领军人物，其警告不 ...

来源：市场资讯 （来源：光伏见闻） Bernreuter Research维持其中国n型多晶硅价格指数（块料与颗粒料加权平均）不变，仍为51.5元/kg（含 13%增值税，不含税约合6.57美元/kg）；p型多晶硅价格指数同步持平于43元/kg（不含税约合5.48美 元/kg）。此外，InfoLink发布的非中国产多晶硅价格指数保持稳定，为18.5美元/kg。 与往年同期不同，今年春节假期（2月15日至23日）临近之际，硅片企业未开展多晶硅备货工作。核心 原因在于企业原材料库存处于充足水平，叠加当前市场需求疲软，导致企业备货动力不足。 针对白银价格在长期上涨后近期出现的回落，行业内对其影响存在分歧。SMM表示，此举将对多晶硅 价格形成一定支撑；硅业分会则认为，太阳能电池生产所用银浆成本仍处于高位，白银价格回落难以产 生普遍性影响。本周硅片价格再度大幅下跌约7%，将持续对多晶硅价格形成下行压力。 据硅业分会数据，中国多晶硅产量从2025年12月的11.12万吨下降8.3%，至2026年1月的约10.2万吨，降 幅低于该协会上周预测的15%。对于2月产量，硅业分会预计将低于8.5万吨，但即便产量下滑，仍将处 于供 ...