衡量一个国家经济社会发展的成果，很大程度上，取决于对社会福利制度的构建。其中，对一个家庭来说，围绕着生育、养育、教育，又会成为影响社会发 展的核心大问题。比如目前大家普遍关注的生育意愿，国家卫健委曾给出一个分析：婴幼儿无人照料是阻碍生育的首要因素。确实如此，孩子3岁后可以上 幼儿园、读小学，但0到3岁之间，就成为越来越多家庭面临的棘手问题，其中的关键，是普惠、可靠的托育服务，在基本公共服务中，长期处于空白。 本周，一个值得关注的变化出现了，《托育服务法草案》首次提请全国人大常委会审议。草案明确提出，要将普惠托育服务有序纳入基本公共服务范围。其 中释放的信号已经足够清晰，国家正在构建一个覆盖生育、养育、教育的完整支持链条。接下来，法律的出台，将给一个个家庭带来哪些实质性的影响？ 生育前，很多家庭需要面对这样那样的现实问题。来自国务院2024年的相关报告，我国3岁以下的婴幼儿家庭，有托育需求的占三成以上。现实中，有多少 家庭会把自己的孩子送去托育机构呢？这份报告给出的数据是，全国实际的入托率只有7.86%。近几年，尽管全国托位总数增长较快，已经超过660万个， 每千人口托位数为4.73个，超过"十四五"规划纲要4 ...

据悉，下一步，国家发展改革委将会同教育部、财政部等相关部门，指导各地加快制（修）订本地区幼 儿园收费管理办法，做好收费政策与免费政策的衔接、相关税费减免政策落实、普惠性民办幼儿园认定 等工作，强化部门协同、宣传解读和监督检查，及时回应社会关切，推动政策平稳实施。 通知坚持学前教育的公益属性定位，通过规范收费项目、分类完善收费管理方式、明确收费标准制定原 则、健全收费政策评估优化机制、建立目录清单制度、加强收费行为监管等，促进收费标准合理形成， 更好发挥收费政策对优质普惠供给的牵引撬动作用。 国家发展改革委、教育部、财政部联合印发的《关于完善幼儿园收费政策的通知》昨日对外公布，旨在 更好促进学前教育普及普惠安全优质发展，有效降低人民群众保育教育成本，推动完善生育支持政策体 系。 通知要求，各地发展改革部门要会同教育、财政、卫生健康部门加强幼儿园收费监测，及时了解行业动 态，掌握幼儿园经营情况。强化收费政策评估，通过成本调查、自行评估、委托第三方机构评估等方 式，定期对收费管理方式、收费项目、收费标准等进行评估，及时调整优化相关政策，评估周期原则上 不超过3年。 根据通知，幼儿园可以收取保育教育费、住宿费、提供托 ...

12月23日，据国家发展改革委网站， 国家发展改革委 、教育部、财政部发布关于完善幼儿园收费政 策的通知，全文如下 → 国家发展改革委 教育部 财政部关于完善幼儿园收费政策的通知 发改价格〔2025〕1644号 各省、自治区、直辖市、新疆生产建设兵团发展改革委、教育厅（教委、教育局）、财政厅（局）： 为贯彻落实《中华人民共和国学前教育法》，更好促进学前教育普及普惠安全优质发展，有效降低人民 群众保育教育成本，推动完善生育支持政策体系，经商国家卫生健康委，现就完善幼儿园收费政策有关 事项通知如下。 一、规范收费项目 幼儿园收费项目包括保育教育费（以下简称保教费）、住宿费、服务性收费、代收费，开设托班的还可 收取保育费。其中，保教费指幼儿园为在园儿童提供学前教育收取的费用；住宿费指寄宿制幼儿园为在 园住宿儿童提供住宿服务收取的费用；保育费指幼儿园开设托班为2—3岁婴幼儿提供托育服务收取的 费用。 服务性收费指幼儿园在完成正常的保育教育外，为在园儿童提供由家长自愿选择的服务而收取的费用； 代收费指幼儿园为方便儿童在园学习和生活，在家长自愿的前提下，为提供服务的单位代收代付的费 用。与幼儿园保育教育直接关联的服务事项 ...

Economic Overview - In 2025, China's economy demonstrated resilience with two "above expectations" and two "below expectations" characteristics, showing a "front high and back low" trend throughout the year[1] - The GDP growth for 2025 is projected to be around 5%, with a nominal GDP growth target of 5% as well, indicating a need for price recovery embedded in growth targets[2] Key Economic Drivers - The main economic lines for 2026 will focus on real estate and local government debt, with exports and central government-supported infrastructure investment serving as primary support forces[2] - In 2025, China's exports grew by 5.3% year-on-year, supported by diversified market layouts and upgraded export structures[8] Challenges and Risks - The real estate market's recovery in 2025 was slower than expected, with real estate investment declining by 14.7% year-on-year from January to October, exceeding the previous year's decline of 10.6%[10] - Internal challenges include low consumer spending and ongoing adjustments in the real estate market, which may prolong the recovery process[28] Policy Recommendations - Fiscal policy should be proactive, with a recommendation for a fiscal deficit rate of no less than 4% in 2026 to counteract the negative effects of real estate downturns and local government debt[33] - Monetary policy should leverage the opportunity presented by the Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts to further lower domestic interest rates and stimulate economic recovery[34] Consumer and Investment Outlook - Consumer spending is expected to gradually recover, supported by subsidy policies in childcare and pensions, alongside a potential increase in service consumption[24] - Fixed asset investment is projected to decline by 1.8% in 2026, with real estate investment expected to decrease by 15.2%[26]

Core Insights - The proportion of inclusive kindergartens in China increased from 83.00% in 2021 to 87.26% in 2024, reflecting the effectiveness of policies promoting free preschool education [1][2]. Group 1: Policy Impact - The government has implemented a policy to gradually promote free preschool education, resulting in the exemption of childcare fees for public kindergartens for the final year of preschool education [1]. - During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the goal is to build or renovate 20,000 kindergartens and increase inclusive kindergarten seats by over 4 million [2]. Group 2: Local Implementation - In Xihu District, 13 new public kindergartens were added, increasing public kindergarten seats by 4,560, with over 93% of children in kindergartens attending inclusive facilities [1]. - This fall, 4,275 children in Xihu District benefited from the exemption of childcare fees for the final year, allowing families to save significant amounts on education costs [2].

Core Points - The Guangxi region has officially issued a plan to gradually implement free preschool education, aiming to promote the universal, inclusive, safe, and high-quality development of preschool education [1] Group 1: Implementation of Free Preschool Education - Starting from the autumn semester of 2025, all public kindergartens in Guangxi will fully waive the care and education fees for children in their final preschool year [1] - Children attending formal private kindergartens will also benefit from fee reductions, aligned with the exemption levels of local public kindergartens [1] Group 2: Financial Support and Subsidy Mechanism - The financial support for the waived fees will be provided by the fiscal departments, considering the number of children benefiting from the policy and the average fee levels in the area [2] - The funding for the subsidy will be prioritized from central government resources, with any shortfall shared between the regional and local governments [2] - The plan also includes continued support for economically disadvantaged families, orphans, and disabled children, ensuring a safety net for these groups [2]

Summary of Key Points Core Viewpoint - The recent closure of multiple private kindergartens in Shenzhen highlights significant challenges in the private education sector, driven by factors such as expiring operating licenses, declining enrollment, and rising operational costs. This trend indicates a transformative shift in the landscape of early childhood education in Shenzhen, with a notable increase in public kindergarten construction and a transition of some private institutions to public status [1][20]. Group 1: Kindergarten Closures - Several private kindergartens in the Luohu district, including seven institutions, have announced their closure due to operational issues and expired licenses, effective from September 2025 [1]. - The Futian district's Jingzhi Kindergarten ceased operations on August 25, citing a continuous decline in enrollment and rising costs as reasons for its closure [4]. - In the Nanshan district, two kindergartens, Liuxian Jiayuan Kindergarten and City Impression Kindergarten, have also stopped operations, with the latter specifically mentioning a sharp decrease in enrollment [6][7]. Group 2: Broader Implications - The closures of these private kindergartens reflect a broader trend of declining enrollment and financial sustainability issues within the sector, as reported by parents and local media [16][20]. - The Shenzhen government is actively promoting public kindergartens, with ongoing construction and a shift of private kindergartens to public status, aiming to enhance the quality and accessibility of early childhood education [19][20]. - Recent educational reforms, including the implementation of the "Preschool Education Law," are pushing for a balance between public expansion and private withdrawal, leading to an increase in the overall supply of early education resources in the city [20][21].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the implementation of a national policy to waive preschool education fees for children in their final year of kindergarten, highlighting the financial support from the government and the varying responses from public and private kindergartens across different regions [1][4][12]. Group 1: Policy Implementation - The national government has allocated 20 billion yuan to gradually promote free preschool education, specifically waiving fees for children in their final year of kindergarten [1][4]. - Various regions, including Shandong, Hainan, and Liaoning, have released detailed plans for implementing the fee waiver, with Hainan aiming for full coverage of public kindergartens by the fall semester of 2025 [4][12]. - Local governments are required to provide financial support to kindergartens affected by the fee waiver, with Shandong planning to allocate 720 million yuan to support approximately 774,700 children [4][5]. Group 2: Execution Challenges - There are discrepancies in the execution of the fee waiver policy, particularly regarding the eligibility of children over six years old, leading to confusion among parents and kindergartens [6][11]. - Some private kindergartens have reported delays in receiving government subsidies, which has led to concerns about their financial stability and the potential for reduced quality of education [10][11]. - The article notes that some private kindergartens are adopting a "pre-collect and post-refund" approach, causing further complications in the implementation of the fee waiver [7][10]. Group 3: Quality Assurance - The article emphasizes the importance of ensuring that the quality of preschool education does not decline as a result of the fee waiver policy, with various regions establishing mechanisms to maintain funding levels for educational quality [12][13]. - Local governments are encouraged to enhance financial input to support the quality of preschool education, with specific measures being taken in places like Guangdong to ensure adequate funding per child [12][13].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news is the implementation of a gradual exemption of childcare education fees for preschool children in public kindergartens in Liaoning Province, aimed at reducing educational costs and improving public education service levels [1][2] - Starting from the autumn semester of this year, public kindergartens will exempt childcare education fees for children in their final year of preschool [1] - For children attending approved private kindergartens, the fee exemption will be aligned with the level of similar public kindergartens in the area [1] Group 2 - The financial compensation for the loss of income due to the fee exemption will be provided by the government, with funding shared among central, provincial, and municipal finances [2] - The provincial finance and education departments will determine the subsidy standards based on the number of children in kindergartens and the approved fee standards [2] - There are provisions to support disadvantaged groups, ensuring that funding for preschool education is not reduced due to the implementation of the fee exemption policy [2]

Core Viewpoint - The implementation of free preschool education policy is set to reshape the kindergarten industry landscape, particularly affecting private kindergartens as enrollment numbers decline and public kindergartens offer free care fees starting from the 2025 fall semester [1][2][5]. Group 1: Policy Changes - The Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Education have revised the funding management measures to support preschool education, focusing on improving quality and implementing free care fees for public kindergartens [1]. - Starting from the 2025 fall semester, public kindergartens will exempt care fees for children in their last year, impacting approximately 12 million children [2][5]. - The total financial investment for the free education policy is estimated to be around 20 billion yuan, with an average monthly care fee reduction of approximately 340 yuan per child [5]. Group 2: Impact on Private Kindergartens - The decline in enrollment numbers and the introduction of free care fees pose significant challenges for high-priced private kindergartens, which must adapt to maintain their student base [1][8]. - Many private kindergartens are considering lowering the age of enrollment to attract younger children, as over 30% of families with children under three express a need for childcare services [8][9]. - The competition between public and private kindergartens is expected to intensify, particularly as public kindergartens offer free services while private institutions may struggle to provide competitive pricing [4][5]. Group 3: Operational Challenges - High-priced private kindergartens face operational pressures due to the new policy, with concerns about the timely allocation of funds and potential impacts on daily operations [4][10]. - The financial burden on private kindergartens may lead to increased closures, particularly among those that do not receive subsidies under the new policy [5][11]. - The need for quality assurance in education remains critical as the transition to free preschool education progresses, with calls for maintaining investment in teacher training and facility standards [11].