本文转自【宁波晚报】； 一次手术"拆"掉三处结石 面对这么复杂的病情，医疗团队先做了全面评估。 "一个人体内竟同时盘踞着输尿管上段、下段及膀胱三处大结石，且腹腔粘连严重，这在临床上极为罕 见。"近日，宁波市第二医院泌尿外科副主任杨后猛主任医师的一条朋友圈，引发了同行的广泛关注。 为何患者体内会同时出现如此多的"不速之客"？医护团队是如何突破腹腔粘连、输尿管粘连的层层阻 碍，一次性完成这场"拆弹"任务的？ 尿急尿频漏尿多年 "一天起码换3条内裤" 王大伯（化姓）今年73岁，是位孤寡老人，平时一个人住，大小事全靠哥哥帮忙照料。别看他外表挺壮 实，其实已经被尿路结石折磨了好几年。最近这几个月，情况越来越糟，不光尿频、尿急、小便疼，还 老漏尿，"每天'滴滴答'，起码要换3条内裤，腰还老是酸胀得厉害"。可他总觉得"忍忍就过去了"，一直 拖着没去医院。 两周前，腰痛突然变得特别剧烈，王大伯实在扛不住了，才去当地医院做检查。CT报告一出来，可把 他吓了一跳：左侧输尿管上段及下段多发结石伴扩张积水，膀胱里也藏着结石。当地医院虽然做了对症 治疗，但情况没有得到改善。经人介绍，他慕名找到了杨后猛。 情况比想象中还要复杂：老人输尿 ...

来源：央视财经 肾是人体重要排泄器官之一 01、脸部、四肢水肿 肾主水，当肾不好时，体液平衡就容易出现异常，导致脸部、四肢出现水肿。 02、频繁起夜 夜间频繁如厕，可能是肾脏浓缩功能减退的表现，也可能是膀胱出现了问题。对于男性来说，还需要关 注前列腺方面的疾病。 03、蛋白尿 喝水后如果出现这4个异常 可能是肾脏发出的"求救信号" 一起来了解 ↓↓↓ 喝水后的4个异常 可能是肾脏发出的"求救信号" 建议： · 正常成年人一般每天饮水总量在1500～1700毫升，天气干燥，可适当喝到2000毫升左右，具体视个人 身体情况而定； · 患有青光眼、心脏疾病以及肾功能异常等人群，如何饮水需要遵医嘱； · 有小便时要及时排出，不要憋尿，这也是养肾的方法之一。 02、玫瑰茉莉花茶 蛋白尿是肾病损伤常见表现之一，也就是大家平时所说的"泡沫尿"，这是因为肾小球滤过膜受损，使蛋 白质漏出，导致尿液中含有蛋白质，析出了泡沫，需提高警惕。 04、高血压 肾脏不好，喝下去的水排不出来，水分囤积在血管内部，便会导致血压升高，并且一般无法通过降压药 缓解。 推荐你喝好这3杯水 01、白开水 功效：行气解郁、缓解压力、调畅情绪、美容养颜。 ...

●王姗姗 近年来，喝包装饮用水已经成为一种普遍的消费行为。市面上销售的包装饮用水种类繁多，有矿泉水、 纯净水、天然泉水等，还有的依据酸碱特性对包装饮用水进行分类，如含有小苏打（碳酸氢钠）的弱碱 性水，也叫苏打水。网上热传碱性水能治病、还能调节酸碱体质。那么，长期喝这种水真能达到商家宣 传的保健效果吗？ 健康功能缺乏科学依据支撑 浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院教授沈立荣介绍，目前在售的碱性水主要分三类，分别是人工添 加小苏打粉调配的人工苏打水、通过电解工艺制作的弱碱性水以及天然弱碱性水，pH值在7.0至9.0之 间。其中，小苏打学名碳酸氢钠，用其溶于水制成的弱碱性水，本质是碳酸氢钠的水溶液。电解质碱性 水则是借助电解技术让水呈弱碱性。天然弱碱性水是自然形成的弱碱性水，含有钠、钙、镁等呈碱性的 矿物质。人工苏打水通常入口会有明显的碱味，部分生产商会通过添加甜味剂和食用香精来改善口感， 属于食品饮料而非饮用水。 不过，这种分类方式仅用于分析食物化学成分，并不意味着食物会直接改变人体的酸碱平衡。人体拥有 一套精密的调节系统，能使血液、胃液、尿液的pH值分别稳定在7.35至7.45、1.0至2.0以及5.0至7.0 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the potential dental health risks associated with consuming hot beverages during winter, emphasizing the importance of choosing the right drinks and maintaining oral hygiene to prevent tooth decay. Group 1: Risks of Hot Beverages - Hot drinks can create a sustained acidic environment in the mouth, leading to continuous acid production by bacteria, which can outpace the natural remineralization process of teeth [2] - Sticky ingredients in drinks like sesame paste and milk tea can adhere to teeth, providing a prolonged food source for bacteria [2] - Drinking excessively hot beverages (above 60°C) poses a risk of burns to the oral mucosa and has been classified as a potential carcinogen by the World Health Organization [2] Group 2: Healthier Drinking Habits - Recommended beverages include plain water, unsweetened tea, or black coffee, as they are less harmful to dental health compared to sugary drinks [3] - It is advised to keep the temperature of hot drinks below 50°C to avoid damage to teeth and oral tissues [3] - Consuming drinks quickly during meals and rinsing the mouth with water afterward can help minimize the time teeth are exposed to acidic environments [3] Group 3: Special Considerations for Different Age Groups - Children are particularly vulnerable to tooth decay from sugary drinks, and parents should limit their intake and ensure regular dental check-ups [3] - Elderly individuals may face increased dental challenges due to gum recession and reduced saliva production, necessitating diligent oral hygiene practices [3] - Individuals with braces should be especially careful to clean around orthodontic appliances to prevent food residue buildup [3]

Core Viewpoint - Proper post-exercise nutrition is essential for maximizing workout benefits and promoting muscle recovery and growth [1][2]. Group 1: Timing of Post-Exercise Nutrition - The optimal time to eat after exercise is within 30 minutes to 1 hour, as this period allows for better nutrient absorption and muscle recovery [2]. - It is advised to avoid excessive eating within 4 hours before sleep to maintain sleep quality and exercise effectiveness [2]. Group 2: Nutritional Choices - The type of nutrients consumed should vary based on the exercise type, with carbohydrates being the primary energy source for high-intensity workouts and fats for lower-intensity, longer-duration activities [3]. - Recommended intake is 0.8 to 1.2 grams of carbohydrates and 0.2 to 0.4 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight [3]. - Foods rich in carbohydrates, such as buckwheat bread, bananas, and oats, should be prioritized for energy replenishment, while healthy fats from nuts and avocados should not be completely avoided for immune support [3]. - High-quality protein sources like egg whites and lean meats are important for muscle recovery [3]. Group 3: Hydration - Hydration is crucial, with regular water or mineral water being sufficient for most exercisers; for those sweating heavily, electrolyte solutions like diluted saltwater or coconut water are recommended [4]. - It is important to drink in moderation and avoid excessive cold drinks to prevent bodily dysfunction [4].

Core Points - The article discusses the importance of post-exercise nutrition for muscle recovery and overall health [2][3][4] Group 1: Timing of Post-Exercise Nutrition - The optimal time to eat after exercise is within 30 minutes to 1 hour, as muscle cells become more receptive to nutrients during this period [3] - It is advised to avoid heavy meals within 4 hours before sleep to maintain sleep quality and exercise effectiveness [3] Group 2: Nutritional Choices - The article emphasizes the need to focus on carbohydrates, proteins, and fats based on the type of exercise performed [4] - Recommended intake is 0.8 to 1.2 grams of carbohydrates and 0.2 to 0.4 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight [4] - Foods rich in carbohydrates such as buckwheat bread, bananas, and oats are suggested for quick energy replenishment [4] - Healthy fats from sources like nuts and avocados should not be completely avoided, as they support the immune system [4] - High-quality protein sources like egg whites and lean meats are recommended for muscle recovery [4] Group 3: Hydration - Hydration is crucial, with plain water being sufficient for most individuals, while those sweating heavily may benefit from electrolyte-rich drinks [5] - It is important to drink in moderation and avoid excessive cold beverages to prevent bodily disruptions [5]

Dietary Considerations During Holidays - Emphasis on food hygiene is crucial during the National Day holiday, as many people engage in outdoor dining and gatherings. It is advised to choose restaurants that are clean and have proper certifications [1] - Avoiding overeating is important to prevent gastrointestinal dysfunction and reduce the risk of acute heart disease [2] - Limiting alcohol consumption is essential, as excessive drinking can damage the intestinal mucosa and liver function, leading to complications such as acute pancreatitis [3] - Adequate hydration is necessary, especially in the dry autumn season, with a recommendation to drink at least 1500 milliliters of water daily [4] Managing Gastrointestinal Discomfort - If gastrointestinal discomfort occurs, it is advised to avoid spicy foods, control alcohol intake, and limit consumption of preserved foods [5][6] - Light physical activity, such as walking or abdominal massage, can help alleviate mild discomfort, but persistent symptoms should prompt a visit to a healthcare provider [6] Post-Holiday Dietary Adjustments - Maintaining regular meal times is recommended, with suggested times for breakfast, lunch, and dinner [7] - Each meal should include staple foods, and a balance of animal and plant-based foods is encouraged, with specific proportions for each meal [8] - A diverse diet is important, with recommendations for whole grains, a variety of vegetables, and lean animal proteins [9][10] - A focus on light meals is advised, emphasizing low oil, salt, and sugar in cooking methods [11][12] - Adequate water intake is crucial, with a daily recommendation of 1500 to 1700 milliliters, prioritizing plain water and low-sugar beverages [14] - Weight management should be gradual, with a suggested weight loss of 2 to 4 kilograms per month through balanced diet and exercise [15][16]

Core Viewpoint - Recent studies indicate that simple lifestyle changes can significantly lower blood pressure, emphasizing the importance of regular movement and dietary adjustments. Group 1: Blood Pressure Reduction Methods - Increasing "sit-stand" transitions can effectively lower blood pressure more than merely reducing sitting time, as it promotes muscle activation and blood circulation [1] - Drinking 6-8 cups of boiled water daily can significantly reduce the risk of hypertension compared to those who drink less than 1 cup [3] - Consuming whole grains can lower hypertension risk by 26% for those with the highest intake compared to the lowest [4] - Using low-sodium salt can reduce blood pressure by 5.2/1.5 mmHg [6] - Eating five or more eggs weekly can decrease hypertension risk by 32% [7] - Daily consumption of over 110 grams of tomatoes can lower hypertension risk by 36% [8] - Increased intake of legumes, especially soy, is associated with a lower risk of hypertension, particularly in individuals over 65 [10] Group 2: Risk Factors for Hypertension - High salt intake is the leading risk factor for hypertension, with a recommendation to limit daily salt intake to no more than 5 grams [11] - Smoking raises blood pressure and damages blood vessels, with a strong recommendation for smokers to quit [12] - Alcohol consumption, even in small amounts, can elevate blood pressure, with guidelines suggesting men limit intake to less than 25 grams and women to less than 15 grams [13][14] - Sedentary lifestyle contributes to increased blood pressure, with a recommendation for at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise weekly [15][16] - Insufficient sleep can lead to hormonal imbalances that raise blood pressure, with a recommendation for 7-8 hours of quality sleep [17][18] - Chronic stress can elevate blood pressure, with suggestions for stress management techniques such as meditation and yoga [19]

Group 1: Benefits of Drinking Boiled Water - Boiled water plays a crucial role in maintaining physiological balance and promoting metabolism, making it essential for bodily functions [3][4] - It helps maintain hydration, regulates body temperature, transports nutrients, and eliminates waste, thus contributing to overall health [4] - Adequate water intake is vital for metabolic processes, aiding in weight management and maintaining a healthy body shape [5] - Drinking enough water can lower the risk of heart failure and slow down the decline of heart function [6][7] - Insufficient water intake is linked to constipation; drinking more water can stimulate bowel movements and alleviate symptoms [9] - A healthy hydration habit can prevent urinary stones by flushing the urinary tract and promoting stone expulsion [10] - Increased water consumption is beneficial for preventing gout by aiding in the excretion of uric acid [11] - Staying hydrated can help recover from colds by replenishing lost fluids and facilitating the elimination of bacteria and viruses [12][13] Group 2: Benefits of Drinking Tea - Drinking tea can help regulate metabolic syndrome in older adults, reducing the risk of "three highs" (high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and high cholesterol) [15] - Tea consumption is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular diseases, with a study indicating an 8% reduction in risk for regular tea drinkers [17] - Regular tea drinkers have a 16% lower risk of developing Alzheimer's disease compared to non-drinkers [18]

Core Viewpoint - A groundbreaking study conducted by Xi'an Jiaotong University and Harvard University provides authoritative guidance on beverage choices for diabetes patients, revealing significant differences in health impacts among various drinks [6][9]. Group 1: Research Overview - The study tracked 15,486 type 2 diabetes patients over 38 years, utilizing validated food frequency questionnaires to assess beverage intake and its correlation with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes [6][12]. - The research highlights the urgent need for dietary interventions in diabetes management, given the rising global diabetes prevalence, projected to reach 783 million by 2045 [9]. Group 2: Key Findings - High intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality and adverse cardiovascular outcomes, while coffee, tea, plain water, and low-fat milk show protective effects [6][10]. - Specifically, the highest consumption group of SSBs had a 20% higher risk of all-cause mortality compared to the lowest intake group, while coffee drinkers had a 26% lower risk [13]. Group 3: Clinical Implications - The study suggests that reducing SSB intake and increasing consumption of healthier beverages like coffee, tea, or plain water could be a viable strategy for improving long-term outcomes and reducing mortality risk in type 2 diabetes patients [14]. - The findings provide high-quality evidence for personalized dietary guidance, emphasizing the importance of beverage choices in diabetes management [14].