继中国商务部对美国模拟芯片等启动反倾销调查后，国家市场监管总局9月15日公告显示，因违反反垄 断法等，依法决定对英伟达实施进一步调查。9月15日，英伟达盘前股价下跌2.46%，德州仪器等企业 盘前下跌，而A股模拟芯片企业股价则迎来密集上涨。 英伟达被进一步调查 国家市场监管总局9月15日公告，经初步调查，英伟达公司违反《中华人民共和国反垄断法》和《市场 监管总局关于附加限制性条件批准英伟达公司收购迈络思科技有限公司股权案反垄断审查决定的公 告》，市场监管总局依法决定对其实施进一步调查。 追溯来看，国家市场监管总局在2024年12月9日公告，因英伟达公司涉嫌违反《中华人民共和国反垄断 法》及《市场监管总局关于附加限制性条件批准英伟达公司收购迈络思科技有限公司股权案反垄断审查 决定的公告》（市场监管总局公告〔2020〕第16号），市场监管总局依法对英伟达公司开展立案调查。 记者注意到，就英伟达收购迈络思科技股权案，国家市场监管总局曾在2020年4月16日批复中列出了五 条附加限制性条件承诺方案，其中就包括向中国市场销售英伟达GPU加速器与迈络思高速网络互联设备 时，不得以任何方式强制进行搭售，或者附加任何其他不合 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the U.S. government's alleged use of secret tracking devices in AI chip shipments to monitor products potentially being transferred to China [1][2]. Group 1: Tracking Devices and Government Actions - Reports indicate that the U.S. government may have implanted secret tracking devices in certain tech products containing AI chips to monitor shipments to China [1]. - The installation of such tracking devices may only require administrative approval, and companies like Dell and AMD might be aware of this but have not responded to media inquiries [2]. - The technology for embedding tracking devices at the chip level is complex, as it requires integrating signal software to turn each chip into a "beacon" [2]. Group 2: Security Concerns and Regulations - There are serious security concerns regarding NVIDIA's AI chips, which have been reported to have vulnerabilities [2]. - U.S. lawmakers have called for advanced chips exported from the U.S. to include tracking and remote shutdown capabilities [2]. - The National Internet Information Office of China has engaged with NVIDIA regarding security risks associated with their H20 AI chips sold to China, citing relevant cybersecurity laws [2].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the security risks associated with chips, particularly focusing on Nvidia's H20 chip, which has been flagged for potential backdoor vulnerabilities. The piece emphasizes that while companies like Nvidia claim their products are secure, the reality is that all chips may have vulnerabilities, and the risks are heightened for chips designed for specific markets like China [1][11]. Group 1: Security Risks of Chips - The National Internet Information Office of China has formally addressed Nvidia regarding the security risks of its H20 chip, demanding explanations and proof of safety [1]. - The article categorizes backdoors into three types: malicious self-contained, post-cracking, and secretly implanted, highlighting the various ways vulnerabilities can be introduced into chips [2]. - It is noted that even well-known companies like Intel and AMD have been found to have serious vulnerabilities in their chips, which raises concerns about the overall security of Western-designed chips [4][5]. Group 2: Specific Vulnerabilities - Nvidia's GPUs have been reported to have multiple vulnerabilities, including the GPUHammer vulnerability, which can drastically reduce the accuracy of models running on the GPU [6]. - Intel has faced numerous vulnerabilities over the years, including the Downfall vulnerability, which affects a wide range of its CPU generations [5]. - ARM processors have also been found to have significant design flaws, such as the PAC vulnerability, which cannot be fixed through software updates and requires hardware upgrades [5]. Group 3: Implications for Market and Security - The article suggests that chips designed for specific markets, like Nvidia's H20 for China, may pose greater security risks than globally available models, as they are less scrutinized by international security researchers [11]. - The potential for backdoors in chips raises concerns about the implications for national security, especially if these chips are used in sensitive applications [10]. - The discussion highlights the importance of understanding the risks associated with purchasing chips from foreign companies, as vulnerabilities may not be promptly addressed, leading to long-term security issues [9].

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. government has secretly installed trackers in AI chips and other goods being exported to monitor their delivery to restricted destinations, particularly targeting China [1][5]. Group 1: Export Control Measures - The U.S. has been expanding export controls on chips and related equipment to curb China's technological development [1][5]. - The U.S. Department of Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security is involved in these tracking actions, along with the Department of Homeland Security and the FBI [4]. Group 2: Tracking Implementation - Trackers have been installed in Dell and AMD servers, with some being large enough to resemble a smartphone [2]. - The installation of trackers can occur with or without the knowledge of the companies involved, depending on whether they are under investigation [2][4]. Group 3: Industry Reactions - Dell stated it was unaware of the U.S. government's actions regarding tracker installations in its products [5]. - NVIDIA and AMD have not commented on the matter, while Supermicro declined to disclose details for security reasons [4][5]. Group 4: Broader Implications - The secretive nature of the tracker installations indicates a heightened effort by the U.S. to restrict advanced chip exports to China [5]. - There are proposals in Congress for U.S. chip companies to incorporate location verification technology in their products to prevent unauthorized exports [5].

Core Insights - The U.S. government has secretly installed trackers in AI chips and other goods being exported to monitor their delivery to restricted destinations, particularly targeting China [1][2] - This initiative is part of a broader strategy to enforce export controls on technology and restrict China's technological advancement [1][5] Group 1: Export Control Measures - The U.S. has been expanding export controls on chips and related technologies to curb China's tech development [1][5] - The U.S. Department of Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security is involved in these tracking operations, alongside the Department of Homeland Security and the FBI [4] Group 2: Implementation of Trackers - Trackers have been found in shipments of servers from manufacturers like Dell and Supermicro, which contain NVIDIA and AMD chips [1][2] - The trackers can be large, comparable in size to a smartphone, and are sometimes installed without the knowledge of the companies involved [2][5] Group 3: Reactions from Companies - Dell stated it was unaware of the U.S. government's actions regarding tracker installations in its products [5] - NVIDIA and AMD have not commented on the tracker installations, while Supermicro declined to disclose details about its security policies [5] Group 4: Broader Implications - The secret installation of trackers indicates a significant effort by the U.S. to limit advanced chip exports to China [5] - There are proposals in Congress for U.S. chip companies to incorporate location verification technology in their products to prevent unauthorized exports [5]

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the computer sector, with key targets including Kingdee International, Kingsoft Office, Hehe Information, Sie Information, Newland, Tongxingbao, DBAPPSecurity, and Runa Smart Equipment [4][10]. Core Insights - Recent AI policies, including a 1 billion RMB subsidy from Shanghai to address challenges in AI application, and the State Council's approval of the "AI+" initiative, are expected to accelerate the development of domestic foundation models and AI applications [4][10]. - The Shanghai policy allocates 600 million RMB for computing power, 300 million RMB for models, and 100 million RMB for data, providing substantial support to reduce hardware costs and enhance the AI ecosystem [4][11]. - The "AI+" policy focuses on commercial application, innovation, and security, aiming to promote AI commercialization and improve the supply of computing power, algorithms, and data [4][12]. - The recent security vulnerabilities found in NVIDIA's H20 chip highlight the importance of supply chain security and technological autonomy in the context of international tech competition [4][13]. Summary by Sections Investment Highlights - The report emphasizes the significance of recent AI policies and their potential impact on the industry, particularly in enhancing the application of AI technologies [4][10]. Policy Developments - The Shanghai government has introduced a comprehensive support system for AI applications, which includes subsidies for computing power, models, and data procurement [4][11]. - The State Council's "AI+" initiative aims to foster a robust AI ecosystem by enhancing commercial applications and ensuring data and algorithm supply [4][12]. Security Concerns - The report discusses the implications of the security issues surrounding NVIDIA's H20 chip, underscoring the critical nature of chip security in the AI industry [4][13].

Core Viewpoint - The discussion revolves around the potential security risks associated with NVIDIA's H20 computing chip, particularly the possibility of "backdoor" vulnerabilities, which is difficult to assess technically [2]. Group 1: Security Concerns - Zhou Hongyi, CEO of 360, stated that it is technically challenging to determine if the NVIDIA H20 chip has "backdoor" vulnerabilities [2]. - He explained that hardware requires software drivers to operate, and the software system inherently leads to potential vulnerabilities [2]. - Zhou emphasized that intentional vulnerabilities are termed "backdoors," while unintentional ones are simply called vulnerabilities [2]. Group 2: Market Dynamics - The U.S. government's inquiries into NVIDIA regarding the H20 chip have led to suspicions in China, which is a significant market for NVIDIA [2]. - Zhou expressed confidence that NVIDIA does not have the intention to introduce backdoors in their software, given the substantial market share in China [2]. Group 3: Recommendations - Zhou suggested that NVIDIA could engage third-party security firms to conduct security audits to alleviate concerns regarding potential vulnerabilities [2].

Group 1 - NVIDIA asserts that its chips do not contain backdoors, kill switches, or monitoring software, emphasizing the importance of security in modern computing [2] - The company highlights the widespread applications of its GPUs in various sectors, including healthcare, finance, scientific research, autonomous driving, and AI infrastructure [2] - NVIDIA argues that embedding backdoors or kill switches could compromise global digital infrastructure and erode trust in leading technologies, aligning with existing laws that mandate companies to fix vulnerabilities rather than create them [2] Group 2 - Recent reports indicate that NVIDIA's computing chips have been exposed to serious security issues, prompting U.S. lawmakers to call for advanced chips to include tracking and remote shutdown capabilities [3] - The National Internet Information Office of China has requested NVIDIA to explain the security risks associated with its H20 computing chips sold to China, in accordance with local cybersecurity laws [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent security concerns regarding NVIDIA's H20 computing chip, highlighting the need for transparency and accountability in the semiconductor industry, particularly in relation to cybersecurity risks associated with advanced technology sales to China [1][3]. Group 1: Security Concerns - NVIDIA's H20 computing chip has been reported to have significant security vulnerabilities, prompting the National Internet Information Office of China to request explanations and proof from NVIDIA regarding these risks [1]. - NVIDIA's spokesperson stated that their chips do not contain "backdoors" and cannot be accessed or controlled remotely, emphasizing their commitment to cybersecurity [3]. Group 2: Regulatory Environment - U.S. lawmakers have called for advanced chips exported from the U.S. to include "tracking and disabling" features, indicating a growing regulatory focus on the security of semiconductor technology [3].

Group 1 - The semiconductor sector significantly led the electronic sector, with the electronic 50 index showing strong performance, particularly in semiconductor stocks [1] - Major semiconductor companies such as Haiguang Information, Unisoc, and SMIC saw stock increases of over 2%, while the consumer electronics leader Transsion Holdings rose by over 7% [1] - The electronic ETF (515260) tracking the electronic 50 index experienced fluctuations, reaching a peak increase of 0.52% before closing up 0.31% [1] Group 2 - The National Cyberspace Administration's discussions regarding Nvidia's H20 chip highlight the need for supply chain security in domestic chips, reflecting the ongoing US-China tech competition [3] - Open Source Securities suggests that this event may accelerate the development of a self-controlled system in China's AI industry, promoting a more stable and healthy industry growth [3] - Huaxi Securities indicates that the US chip security legislation and related discussions could expedite the domestic AI chip development, with a clearer long-term growth trajectory [4] Group 3 - As of August 3, 2023, 17 out of 50 companies in the non-ferrous metals index have released mid-year profit forecasts for 2025, with 16 expecting profits, and 15 predicting year-on-year net profit growth [4] - Notable companies like Silan Microelectronics and Wingtech Technology forecasted net profit increases of 1203% and 317% year-on-year, respectively [4][5] - The electronic sector is expected to recover, with semiconductor domestic substitution accelerating and consumer electronics benefiting from AI integration [6] Group 4 - The electronic ETF and its linked funds cover key sectors such as AI chips, automotive electronics, 5G, and cloud computing, providing exposure to core electronic assets in the A-share market [6] - The ETF is positioned to capitalize on the growth of the semiconductor and consumer electronics industries, as well as other emerging sectors [6]