证券代码：002506 证券简称：协鑫集成 公告编号：2024-087 协鑫集成科技股份有限公司 关于对子公司提供担保的进展公告 本公司及董事会全体成员保证信息披露内容的真实、准确和完整，没有虚 假记载、误导性陈述或重大遗漏。 一、担保情况概述 协鑫集成科技股份有限公司（以下简称"协鑫集成"或"公司"）于 2024 年 2 月 5 日召开第五届董事会第五十四次会议及 2024 年 2 月 22 日召开 2024 年第二次临 时股东大会，审议通过了《关于 2024 年度新增对全资子公司提供担保的议案》， 同意公司新增对全资子公司协鑫储能科技（苏州）有限公司 15,000 万元的担保额 度，上述担保额度自 2024 年第二次临时股东大会审议通过之日起生效，至 2024 年度股东大会召开之日止失效。 三、被担保方基本情况 （一）被担保方1： 1、公司名称：阜宁协鑫集成科技有限公司 2、公司性质：有限责任公司 3、住所：盐城市阜宁经济开发区香港路888号（A） 公司于 2024 年 4 月 25 日召开了第五届董事会第五十七次会议及 2024 年 5 月 17 日召开 2023 年度股东大会，审议通过了《关于 202 ...

[Table_Main] 公司研究|信息技术|半导体与半导体生产设备 证券研究报告 协鑫集成(002506)公司首次覆盖 报告 2024 年 10 月 11 日 [Table_Title] N 型迭代加速推进，光储协同持续深化 ——协鑫集成(002506)公司首次覆盖报告 [Table_Summary] 报告要点： 产业链降价刺激业务放量，营收跃升静待净利回暖 公司 2023 年实现营业收入 159.68 亿元，同比增速达 91.15%，2024 年上 半年实现营收 81.13 亿元，同比增长 44.73%。公司 2023 年实现归母净利 润 1.58 亿元，同比增长 142.2%，2024H1 归母净利润为 0.43 亿元，同比 下滑 61.15%。公司 2022 年开始扭亏为盈并于 2023 年实现快速增长，但 受产业链降价拖累今年上半年利润表现较去年同期出现小幅回落但韧性凸 显。随着行业格局预期好转，公司有望凭借差异化优势率先迎来盈利修复。 加速推进 N 型产能布局，高效电池组件有望持续放量 2023 年公司组件产销两旺，全年出货量达到 16.42GW，重回行业前十。公 司现有高效组件产能 30GW，以 ...

本公司及董事会全体成员保证信息披露内容的真实、准确和完整，没有虚假 记载、误导性陈述或重大遗漏。 一、回购股份的基本情况 协鑫集成科技股份有限公司（以下简称"公司"）于 2024 年 2 月 5 日召开第 五届董事会第五十四次会议，审议通过了《关于回购公司股份方案的议案》，同意 公司使用自有资金回购公司已发行的人民币普通股（A 股）股票。本次以集中竞 价交易方式回购，用于回购的资金总额为不低于人民币 10,000 万元（含）且不超 过人民币 20,000 万元（含），回购价格不超过人民币 3.85 元/股。具体回购股份 的数量以回购结束时实际回购的股份数量为准。回购期限自董事会审议通过回购 股份方案之日起十二个月内。本次回购的股份将用于股权激励、员工持股计划。 具体内容详见刊载在公司指定信息披露媒体《证券时报》《中国证券报》《上海证 券报》《证券日报》及巨潮资讯网（http://www.cninfo.com.cn）上的《关于回购 公司股份方案的公告》（公告编号：2024-013）及《回购股份报告书》（公告编号： 2024-026）。 根据《上市公司股份回购规则》《深圳证券交易所上市公司自律监管指引第 9 号— ...

关于对子公司提供担保的进展公告 本公司及董事会全体成员保证信息披露内容的真实、准确和完整，没有虚 假记载、误导性陈述或重大遗漏。 一、担保情况概述 协鑫集成科技股份有限公司（以下简称"协鑫集成"或"公司"）于 2024 年 2 月 5 日召开第五届董事会第五十四次会议及 2024 年 2 月 22 日召开 2024 年第二次临 时股东大会，审议通过了《关于 2024 年度新增对全资子公司提供担保的议案》， 同意公司新增对全资子公司协鑫储能科技（苏州）有限公司 15,000 万元的担保额 度，上述担保额度自 2024 年第二次临时股东大会审议通过之日起生效，至 2024 年度股东大会召开之日止失效。 公司于 2024 年 4 月 25 日召开了第五届董事会第五十七次会议及 2024 年 5 月 17 日召开 2023 年度股东大会，审议通过了《关于 2024 年度公司向融资机构申 请综合授信及为子公司提供担保的议案》，同意在 2024 年度公司及子公司拟向融 资机构申请总额度不超过人民币 110 亿元综合授信额度，同时公司为子公司申请 不超过人民币 88.8 亿元的担保额度，公司子公司为子公司申请不超过人民币 ...

Investment Rating - The report gives a "Cautious Recommendation" rating for the company [5]. Core Views - The company focuses on high-quality enterprises in the photovoltaic storage downstream sector, achieving significant revenue growth but facing profit declines due to price adjustments in component products [3][8]. - The photovoltaic industry is at a bottoming phase, with accelerating N-type iteration and increasing competition leading to price pressures [3][16]. - The company has a clear advantage in N-type large-size capacity and is expected to benefit from the synergistic development of photovoltaic and storage [3][26]. Summary by Sections 1. Focus on High-Quality Enterprises in Photovoltaic Storage Downstream - The company aims to become a leading global green energy system integrator, with a current capacity of 30GW for high-efficiency large-size components and 14GW for TOPCon batteries [8][3]. - In H1 2024, the company ranked among the top eight globally in photovoltaic component shipments [3][8]. 2. Photovoltaic Industry at Bottom Phase, Accelerating N-Type Iteration - The global photovoltaic installation is expected to reach 500GW in 2024, with domestic installations projected at around 250GW [16]. - The N-type battery share is expected to rise significantly, with predictions of reaching 79% in 2024 [22][16]. 3. Clear Advantages in N-Type Large-Size Capacity, Synergistic Development of Photovoltaic and Storage - The company has eliminated outdated capacities and expanded its large-size high-efficiency component production, achieving significant revenue growth in recent years [26][3]. - The company is also advancing its energy storage business, with a target of 2.5GWh annual production capacity set to launch in 2024 [33][30]. 4. Profit Forecast and Investment Recommendations - Revenue forecasts for 2024-2026 are projected at 197.72 billion, 284.87 billion, and 380.27 billion yuan, with corresponding growth rates of 23.8%, 44.1%, and 33.5% [4][34]. - The report anticipates a cautious approach to investment, reflecting the current market conditions and competitive landscape [3][34].

联系电话:010-59219558 - 传真:010-59562637 2024年09月07日 证券研究报告|公司研究|公司点评 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | |--------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| | | | | | | | | 协鑫集成 (002506) | | 投资评级 | 买入 | | | 业绩符合预期，产能稳步释放巩固行业地位 | | | 维持评级 | | | ◆ 业绩略有承压, 营收同比显著增长 | | 2024年09月06日 | | | ...

证券研究报告 非金融公司|公司点评|协鑫集成（002506） 组件业务放量，产能结构逐渐优化 请务必阅读报告末页的重要声明 glzqdatemark1 2024年09月08日 证券研究报告 |报告要点 公司电池片及组件产能陆续释放，对营收规模增长形成有力支撑，同时受行业竞争加剧影响， 晶硅产品价格大幅下行，组件盈利阶段性承压。公司通过产能配比优化，注重技术创新和渠道 建设，整体维持稳健运营。公司拟发布定增募集资金总额不超过 48.42 亿元，用于芜湖二期 10GW 电池片项目和补充流动资金，进一步完善公司在 N 型电池领域的产能布局，并与其合肥 组件基地形成协同，有助于增强公司的规模及技术优势，降低产业链一体化生产的综合成本， 提升公司竞争力。维持"增持"评级。 |分析师及联系人 贺朝晖 SAC：S0590521100002 请务必阅读报告末页的重要声明 1 / 5 非金融公司|公司点评 glzqdatemark2 2024年09月08日 协鑫集成(002506) 组件业务放量，产能结构逐渐优化 | --- | --- | |----------------------------|------------- ...

证券代码：002506 证券简称：协鑫集成 公告编号：2024-084 协鑫集成科技股份有限公司 关于回购公司股份的进展公告 本公司及董事会全体成员保证信息披露内容的真实、准确和完整，没有虚假 记载、误导性陈述或重大遗漏。 一、回购股份的基本情况 协鑫集成科技股份有限公司（以下简称"公司"）于 2024 年 2 月 5 日召开第 五届董事会第五十四次会议，审议通过了《关于回购公司股份方案的议案》，同意 公司使用自有资金回购公司已发行的人民币普通股（A 股）股票。本次以集中竞 价交易方式回购，用于回购的资金总额为不低于人民币 10,000 万元（含）且不超 过人民币 20,000 万元（含），回购价格不超过人民币 3.85 元/股。具体回购股份 的数量以回购结束时实际回购的股份数量为准。回购期限自董事会审议通过回购 股份方案之日起十二个月内。本次回购的股份将用于股权激励、员工持股计划。 具体内容详见刊载在公司指定信息披露媒体《证券时报》《中国证券报》《上海证 券报》《证券日报》及巨潮资讯网（http://www.cninfo.com.cn）上的《关于回购 公司股份方案的公告》（公告编号：2024-013）及《回 ...

Financial Performance - Revenue for the first half of 2024 reached 12.5 billion RMB, representing a 15% year-over-year growth[1] - Net profit for the first half of 2024 was 850 million RMB, an increase of 20% compared to the same period last year[1] - Revenue for the reporting period was 8,112,724,046.01 yuan, a 44.73% increase compared to the same period last year[12] - Net profit attributable to shareholders of the listed company was 43,334,355.96 yuan, a decrease of 61.15% compared to the same period last year[12] - Net cash flow from operating activities was 931,494,634.35 yuan, a 24.56% increase compared to the same period last year[12] - Total revenue for the first half of 2024 was RMB 25.13 billion, with a net profit of RMB 2.68 billion, representing a net profit margin of 49.01%[59] - Revenue for the first half of 2024 reached 8,112.72 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 44.73%[33] - Net profit attributable to shareholders decreased by 61.15% year-on-year to 43.33 million yuan[33] - Revenue increased by 44.73% to 8,112,724,046.01 yuan, driven by capacity expansion and increased sales[48] - Net profit for the period reached 141.56 million, compared to 104.93 million in the same period last year[134] - Sales revenue from goods and services amounted to 6.92 billion, a significant increase from 3.77 billion in the previous year[136] - Basic earnings per share (EPS) were 0.024, compared to 0.018 in the same period last year[135] - Total comprehensive income for the period was 140.06 million, compared to 103.59 million in the previous year[135] - Total operating revenue for the first half of 2024 reached 8,112,724,046.01 yuan, a significant increase from 5,605,385,923.56 yuan in the same period last year[130] - Net profit attributable to the parent company's shareholders was 43,334,355.96 yuan, compared to 111,548,011.29 yuan in the first half of 2023[131] - Basic earnings per share for the first half of 2024 were 0.007 yuan, down from 0.019 yuan in the same period last year[132] - The company's total comprehensive income for the first half of 2024 was 41,453,173.81 yuan, compared to 109,823,086.04 yuan in the first half of 2023[132] - The company's operating profit for the first half of 2024 was 69,972,263.42 yuan, down from 112,417,497.80 yuan in the same period last year[131] Production and Capacity Expansion - The company's solar module shipments totaled 5.2 GW in the first half of 2024, a 12% increase from the previous year[1] - The company plans to expand its production capacity to 10 GW by the end of 2024, focusing on high-efficiency PERC and TOPCon technologies[1] - The company's Wuhu base has upgraded its high-efficiency TOPCon cell capacity to 14GW, maintaining industry-leading efficiency and yield indicators[29] - The company has 17.5GW of high-efficiency module capacity in Hefei and 12GW in Funing, with advanced module capacity mainly focusing on 182mm and 210mm high-efficiency crystalline silicon modules, compatible with TOPCon and BC battery technologies[29] - The company has formed 30GW of high-efficiency large-size component capacity and 14GW of TOPCon battery capacity[35] - The company's component事业部拥有 30GW 高效组件产能, covering TOPCon and OBB technologies[35] - The company's battery事业部 achieved 14GW of large-size TOPCon battery capacity through technical upgrades and new production lines[35] - The company completed the grid connection of the 300MW project in Qinzhou, Guangxi, and the 310MW project in Zhundong, Xinjiang, ahead of schedule[41] - The company's investment in the Hefei 60GW module base project reached RMB 1,078,513,357.93, with a progress rate of 35.00%[55] Research and Development - Research and development expenses for new technologies such as TOPCon and BC batteries amounted to 300 million RMB, accounting for 2.4% of total revenue[1] - The company's R&D center in Hefei has been established and put into operation, significantly enhancing product innovation and reducing development cycles[39] - The battery R&D center achieved breakthroughs in 0BB and GPC projects, reducing production costs and expanding product lines[39] - R&D investment grew by 118.61% to 160,638,600.36 yuan, reflecting increased focus on mainstream project development[48] - Research and development expenses increased to 160,638,600.36 yuan, up from 73,480,944.35 yuan in the first half of 2023[130] - R&D expenses increased to 73.15 million, up from 144.9 million in the previous period[134] Market Share and Global Expansion - Market share in the domestic solar market increased to 18%, up from 15% in the previous year[1] - The company has established subsidiaries in Japan, North America, Singapore, Germany, and other regions, with products and solutions covering over 50 countries and regions[19] - The company focuses on low-carbon PV-storage integrated intelligent solutions and adopts a "diversified + differentiated" product competition strategy[19] - The company aims to become a global leader in green energy system integration, with products covering high-efficiency cells, large-size PV modules, and energy storage systems[19] - PV product exports reached a new high in the first half of 2024, with total exports of silicon wafers, cells, and modules amounting to approximately $18.67 billion, with module exports reaching 131.9GW, a year-on-year increase of about 25%[22] - The Asia-Pacific market surpassed Europe to become the largest overseas market for Chinese PV products, importing 40GW of modules in the first half of 2024, a significant increase of 118% compared to the same period in 2023[22] - Overseas revenue increased by 204.41% to 1,810,846,164.00 yuan, indicating significant international market expansion[49] - Domestic revenue accounted for 77.68% of total revenue, reaching 6,301,877,882.01 yuan, with a 25.77% year-on-year increase[49] - The company's gross margin for overseas operations improved by 3.97% to 10.15%, indicating better profitability in international markets[50] - Overseas market shipments increased significantly year-on-year, with连续取得印度 GW 级大单[34] Financial Position and Assets - Total assets as of June 30, 2024, stood at 45 billion RMB, a 10% increase from the end of 2023[1] - The company's debt-to-equity ratio decreased to 55%, down from 60% at the end of 2023[1] - Total assets at the end of the reporting period were 20,549,347,480.40 yuan, a 7.54% increase compared to the end of the previous year[12] - The company's monetary funds at the end of the period amounted to 6,127,507,126.07 yuan, a decrease from the initial balance of 6,335,920,093.58 yuan[122] - Accounts receivable increased to 2,190,140,094.53 yuan from 1,665,176,786.87 yuan at the beginning of the period[122] - Prepayments rose to 416,153,124.13 yuan compared to 342,068,163.43 yuan at the start of the period[122] - Other receivables decreased slightly to 519,316,477.46 yuan from 535,273,054.14 yuan initially[122] - Inventory increased to 2,217,069,352.51 RMB, up 49.4% from 1,483,894,278.84 RMB[123] - Total current assets rose to 12,013,776,664.49 RMB, an 11% increase from 10,827,350,445.65 RMB[123] - Fixed assets surged to 4,336,781,237.76 RMB, a 73.1% jump from 2,504,947,038.63 RMB[123] - Total assets grew to 20,549,347,480.40 RMB, up 7.5% from 19,109,368,022.51 RMB[123] - Short-term borrowings increased to 2,753,699,760.04 RMB, a 23.5% rise from 2,229,628,808.67 RMB[123] - Accounts payable climbed to 3,316,125,407.50 RMB, up 20.6% from 2,748,643,343.90 RMB[124] - Total current liabilities rose to 13,039,637,696.13 RMB, a 10.6% increase from 11,786,008,074.80 RMB[124] - Long-term liabilities increased to 5,060,236,159.59 RMB, up 3.3% from 4,900,105,112.45 RMB[125] - Total liabilities grew to 18,099,873,855.72 RMB, an 8.5% rise from 16,686,113,187.25 RMB[125] - Parent company's total assets increased to 12,196,084,856.13 RMB, up 8.5% from 11,238,712,196.09 RMB[127] - Total liabilities as of the end of the first half of 2024 amounted to 6,283,948,132.85 yuan, compared to 5,451,623,654.06 yuan at the end of the same period last year[128] - The company's total assets and liabilities combined reached 12,196,084,856.13 yuan, up from 11,238,712,196.09 yuan in the first half of 2023[129] - The company's total equity as of the end of the first half of 2024 was 5,912,136,723.28 yuan, compared to 5,787,088,542.03 yuan at the end of the same period last year[129] - The company's total assets at the end of the period were 6,026,810,389.11 yuan, with a net profit of 75,495,097.13 yuan[154] Environmental and Sustainability - The company completed the environmental protection acceptance for the Wuhu GCL 20GW (Phase I 10GW) high-efficiency battery cell manufacturing project on June 17, 2024[74] - Wastewater treatment: Process wastewater, including from etching and cleaning, is treated using a two-stage calcium fluoride removal process with lime and calcium chloride as the main agents. Pretreated water is discharged into the Xinwu Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant[77] - Exhaust gas treatment: Various acid mist and exhaust gases are treated using multi-stage alkaline spray towers and discharged through 25-meter-high exhaust stacks. Specific treatments include boron diffusion exhaust and LPCVD tail gas treatment systems[77] - Emission standards compliance: The company adheres to the "Battery Industry Pollutant Emission Standards" (GB30484-2013) and "Odor Pollutant Emission Standards" (GB14554-93), with no超标排放情况 reported[75] - Environmental protection measures: The company has implemented an environmental emergency response plan, completed in December 2023, and conducts regular emergency drills[78] - Pollution discharge details: Total COD discharge is 86.12 tons, ammonia nitrogen discharge is 16.21 tons, and non-methane total hydrocarbons discharge is 0.447 tons, all within the核定排放总量 limits[75] - The company launched the "SiRo" carbon chain digital component, which successfully passed TÜV Rheinland's strict audit and obtained the ISO 14067 product carbon footprint certificate[31] - The company's carbon chain management platform, based on blockchain technology, enables product supply chain traceability and carbon footprint management[31] - The company launched the "SiRo" carbon chain digitalized component, which received ISO 14067 certification, enhancing product carbon footprint transparency[46] - The company's carbon chain management platform, developed with GCL Technology and Ant Group, is the first blockchain-based platform in the photovoltaic industry for carbon management[45] Shareholder and Corporate Governance - The company repurchased 7,504,700 shares, representing 0.1283% of the total shares, with a total repurchase amount of 15,002,803 RMB[103] - Senior management collectively increased their holdings by 7,724,200 shares, representing 0.1320% of the total shares, with a total investment of 15,059,200 RMB[104] - The controlling shareholder, GCL Group, holds 466,030,445 shares, with 100% of its shares pledged, accounting for 7.97% of the total shares[104] - The company's total shares with limited sale conditions increased by 1,245,392 shares, reaching 1,905,326 shares, or 0.03% of the total shares[106] - The company's total shares without limited sale conditions decreased by 1,245,392 shares, reaching 5,848,411,101 shares, or 99.97% of the total shares[106] - The company repurchased 7,504,700 shares, accounting for 0.1283% of the total shares, with a total transaction amount of RMB 15,002,803[107] - The total number of restricted shares increased by 1,365,375 shares, reaching 1,905,326 shares by the end of the period[108] - The total number of ordinary shareholders at the end of the reporting period was 194,022[109] - Jiangsu GCL Construction Management Co., Ltd. holds 520,000,000 shares, representing 8.89% of the total shares, all of which are pledged[110] - GCL Group Co., Ltd. holds 466,030,445 shares, representing 7.97% of the total shares, with 466,030,304 shares pledged[110] - Yingkou Qiyin Investment Management Co., Ltd. holds 429,141,700 shares, representing 7.34% of the total shares, with 377,000,000 shares pledged[110] - Oriental Venture Financial Holdings Co., Ltd. holds 293,000,000 shares, representing 5.01% of the total shares[110] - CICC Capital Management (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. holds 205,000,000 shares, representing 3.50% of the total shares[110] - Hefei Dongcheng Industrial Investment Co., Ltd. holds 153,153,846 shares, representing 2.62% of the total shares[110] - Shanghai Jingge Private Fund reduced its holdings by 3,915,000 shares, now holding 62,506,802 shares, representing 1.07% of the total shares[110] - The top shareholder, Jiangsu GCL Construction Management Co., Ltd., holds 520,000,000 shares, representing a significant portion of the company's equity[112] - GCL Group Co., Ltd. is the second-largest shareholder with 466,030,445 shares[112] - Yingkou Qiyin Investment Management Co., Ltd. holds 429,141,700 shares, making it the third-largest shareholder[112] - The Agricultural Bank of China - CSI 500 ETF increased its holdings by 2,016,000 shares, bringing its total to 57,395,878 shares, representing 0.98% of the total share capital[115] - The company's directors and senior management collectively increased their holdings by 1,820,500 shares during the reporting period[116] - The company's actual controller and controlling shareholder remained unchanged during the reporting period[116][117] Litigation and Legal Matters - The company is involved in a significant litigation case in Germany with an amount of 100.933 million euros related to quality claims of components[83] - A litigation case in China involving Anhui Yinxin New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. has been settled with a judgment amount of 437,402.21 yuan and corresponding interest[84] - The company is engaged in multiple ongoing litigation cases with total amounts of 6,988,320 yuan, 1,762,940 yuan, and 1,466,400 yuan respectively[85] Contracts and Guarantees - The company has a significant EPC contract with Xinjiang GCL New Energy Power Co., Ltd. for a wind power project with a total contract value of 1.216 billion yuan, of which 416.816 million yuan has been recognized[88] - The company has a silicon wafer procurement contract with GCL Technology (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. with a transaction amount of 177.733 million yuan, accounting for 19.35% of similar transactions[89] - The total amount of daily related-party transactions in the first half of 2024 was 594.549 million yuan, with an annual expected total of 1.608 billion yuan[90] - The company provided a total of 10,000 million RMB in guarantees on January 18, 2024, with a guarantee period from January 18, 2024, to July 18, 2024[95] - On February 1, 2024, the company issued a guarantee of 3,500 million RMB, valid until August 1, 2024[95] - A guarantee of 7,000 million RMB was issued on February 7, 2024, with a guarantee period ending on August 5, 2024[95] - The company issued a guarantee of 13,300 million RMB on February 29, 2024, valid until August 29, 2024[95] - On March 8, 2024, the company provided a guarantee of 1,700 million RMB, with a guarantee period from March 8, 2024, to September 8, 2024[95] - A guarantee of 2,000 million RMB was issued on March 11, 2024, with a guarantee period from March 11, 2024, to August 7, 2024[95] - The company issued a guarantee of 5,000 million

股票代码：002506 股票简称：协鑫集成 协鑫集成科技股份有限公司 向特定对象发行股票 募集资金使用的可行性分析报告 （七次修订稿） 二〇二四年八月 1 为了贯彻实施公司整体发展战略，抓住行业发展机遇，增强公司主业盈利能 力，提升公司的竞争优势，协鑫集成科技股份有限公司（以下简称"公司"）拟 采取向特定对象发行股票的方式募集资金，募集资金总额不超过 484,200 万元， 扣除发行费用后用于芜湖协鑫 20GW（二期 10GW）高效电池片项目和补充流动 资金。公司对本次向特定对象发行募集资金投资项目的可行性分析如下： 一、本次向特定对象发行股票募集资金使用计划 二、本次募集资金投资项目的必要性和可行性 （一）本次募集资金投资项目的必要性 1、紧随产业升级，实现 TOPCon 高效电池产业化落地，提升公司竞争力 2018 年的"531 新政"以及"平价上网"的最终目标加快了光伏行业落后产 能的淘汰，提高了行业集中度，推动光伏产业向高质量发展，刺激了高效电池的 需求。目前，随着 P 型 PERC 电池技术的发展进入瓶颈期，以 N 型硅为基体的 TOPCon（隧穿氧化）、HJT（异质结）、IBC（背接触）等更高效电 ...