新华社长春11月18日电 题：增肥黑土地 筑牢大粮仓——吉林加强黑土地保护一线观察 新华社记者薛钦峰、孙鹏程 秋收后的东北黑土地，气温逐渐降到零摄氏度以下。在吉林部分产粮大县，田野里仍没有安静下来。农民们忙着翻地，将秸秆还田，为保护黑土 地和来年春耕做足准备。 在全国产粮大县榆树市的环城乡桂家村，大马力拖拉机牵引着翻转犁仍在田里作业。机械破土而入，地下一层松软的黑土便被翻出地面，泛着油 亮。 吉林省还启动省级黑土地保护重点专项和黑土先导A类专项100多项，建设3个万亩级、30个千亩级示范基地和一批示范点，集成推广黑土地保护 治理技术和模式。目前，吉林省因地制宜构建东部固土保肥、中部提质增肥、西部改良培肥等黑土地保护路径，全面推行10大黑土地保护模式。 在德惠市岔路口镇的万亩稻渔综合种养示范基地，域内加工厂里一袋袋符合国家绿色食品标准的大米正等待装运发车。当地长义家庭农场负责人 李长义说，6公顷稻田里不仅使用有机肥料，还养殖了鱼、蟹。"种养结合，让农药、化肥的使用量不断减少，水稻品质越来越好。"他说。如今、 在长春、四平等粮食主产区，各地政府部门积极引导农民将畜禽粪污发酵后就近还田，实现"变粪为宝"，不断为黑土 ...

在北大荒集团鹤山农场有限公司第二管理区种植户谢福军家地块，两台夹包机正有条不紊地将玉米 秸秆捆扎整齐，码放到侵蚀沟内。谢福军说："这条侵蚀沟长将近300米，治理完成后可恢复农田约10 亩。" 在北大荒集团建设农场有限公司第二管理区"鱼眼泡"治理现场，一台台大型工程机车往来穿梭，清 淤排水、填埋秸秆、平整覆土，农田中一个个形同疤痕的"鱼眼泡"被慢慢修复完整。"播种和收获时， 农机遇到'鱼眼泡'只能绕过去，现在治理好了，明年作业就方便多了。"第二管理区种植户初金珠说。 据了解，建设农场有限公司今年计划治理"鱼眼泡"23处，总面积178.84亩；治理侵蚀沟6条，可恢 复耕地面积155亩。截至目前，工程计划已完成50%以上，预计11月底前完成全部治理工作。 记者从黑龙江省水利厅获悉，2024年，黑龙江省下达侵蚀沟治理资金54.92亿元，实施治理侵蚀沟 1.3万条，年度投资额度、治理数量均创历史新高。2025年，黑龙江省计划再治理侵蚀沟3000条，并对 已治理侵蚀沟压实管护责任，确保长期发挥作用。（记者黄腾） 秋冬之交，寒风阵阵，在北大荒集团嫩北农场有限公司，侵蚀沟治理现场却是一片热闹景象。现场 机车轰鸣，挖掘机、推土 ...

Core Insights - The article highlights a significant crackdown on the production and sale of counterfeit seeds, with a case valued over 1 million yuan recognized as one of the nine typical cases threatening food security nationwide [1] - The provincial police have adopted a "zero tolerance" approach to combat crimes related to agricultural resources, focusing on protecting black soil, which is crucial for agriculture [1][2] Group 1: Law Enforcement Actions - Four suspects were arrested and three criminal dens were dismantled, effectively deterring the activities of those involved in the production and sale of counterfeit agricultural products [1] - The police have established a comprehensive monitoring and early warning platform utilizing technology, which has led to over 120 precise alerts this year, improving response speed by 60% [1] Group 2: Collaborative Efforts - The police have collaborated with various administrative departments and engaged grassroots personnel to gather intelligence on counterfeit agricultural products, addressing farmers' concerns [2] - Special campaigns such as "Grain Security Defense Battle" and "Clean Soil for Grain" have been organized to dismantle multiple criminal gangs and improve the agricultural resource market environment [2] Group 3: Public Awareness and Education - During the recent National Grain Security Awareness Week, the police actively educated farmers on identifying counterfeit agricultural products, aiming to create a comprehensive protective network for food security [2]

Core Insights - The article highlights the successful progress of autumn harvest production in Jilin Province, with efforts ensuring that all crops are harvested efficiently [1][2] Group 1: Harvest Progress - As of October 30, a total of 89.2764 million acres of grain crops have been harvested, accounting for 95.72% of the total area, which is 4.2% faster than last year [2] - The late onset of the first frost this year has positively impacted the weight of grain crops and their maturity [2] Group 2: Agricultural Performance - This year is noted as one of the best for Jilin Province in terms of crop growth, with the least disaster impact, optimal crop conditions, and the highest grain yield recorded [2] - All metrics, including planting area, yield per unit, and total production, are showing an upward trend [2] Group 3: Future Agricultural Practices - The agricultural department is focused on ensuring complete harvest and is promoting practices such as straw returning and conservation tillage to protect black soil, laying a solid foundation for next year's agricultural production [2]

Group 1 - The core message emphasizes the importance of protecting black soil, referred to as the "panda of arable land," to ensure sustainable agricultural productivity for future generations [1] - The black soil region in Northeast China is crucial for grain production, facing challenges such as soil fertility depletion and erosion [1][2] - Significant investments have been made in the Northeast black soil area, with the Ministry of Water Resources allocating 14.406 billion yuan to address erosion and protect approximately 13.74 million acres of farmland [2] Group 2 - The implementation of various subsidies for black soil protection, including 20 yuan per acre for straw return and 150 yuan per acre for crop rotation, has incentivized farmers to adopt sustainable practices [2] - The average organic matter content in Heilongjiang Province's soil is projected to reach 40.3 grams per kilogram by 2024, reflecting an increase of 4.1 grams per kilogram since 2016 [2] - The governance of erosion control projects has seen a significant increase, with 27,700 erosion control projects planned for 2024, equivalent to the total of the past decade [3] Group 3 - The introduction of the "Black Soil Protection Law" signifies a robust legal framework aimed at safeguarding this vital agricultural resource [4] - The cumulative protection of black soil has exceeded 400 million acres during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, highlighting the government's commitment to agricultural sustainability [4] - The collaboration between central and local governments has led to innovative approaches in ecological product value transformation, enhancing the effectiveness of black soil protection initiatives [3]

Core Points - The protection and utilization of black soil, referred to as the "panda of arable land," is emphasized by President Xi Jinping, highlighting its importance for future generations [1] - The Northeast region of China, known for its black soil, faces challenges such as soil fertility depletion, necessitating effective measures for protection and sustainable use [1] Group 1: Black Soil Protection Initiatives - In 2025, the central government plans to strengthen the governance of erosion ditches in the Northeast black soil region, with significant investments made for restoration projects [1][2] - Heilongjiang Province has reported a successful increase in corn yield from 300 kg per mu to over 1000 kg per mu after implementing erosion ditch management [1] - The Ministry of Water Resources has allocated 14.406 billion yuan to the Northeast black soil region during the 14th Five-Year Plan, addressing 57,300 erosion ditches and protecting approximately 13.74 million mu of arable land [2] Group 2: Financial Support and Incentives - Farmers receive various subsidies for black soil protection practices, including 20 yuan per mu for straw returning, 30 yuan per mu for deep plowing, and 150 yuan per mu for crop rotation, with one farmer receiving nearly 20,000 yuan in total subsidies [2] - The average organic matter content in Heilongjiang's soil is projected to reach 40.3 grams per kilogram by 2024, an increase of 4.1 grams per kilogram since 2016 [2] Group 3: Innovative Governance and Collaboration - The Ministry of Water Resources is exploring ecological product value transformation to address challenges in valuation and monetization of ecological benefits from erosion ditch management [3] - A new guideline for ecological product value accounting has been introduced in Heilongjiang, incorporating indicators for erosion ditch restoration and enhancing the assessment of ecological value [3] - The governance of erosion ditches is now included in national policy documents, indicating a coordinated approach to improving soil quality and protecting arable land [3] Group 4: Legislative Framework - Over 400 million mu of black soil has been protected during the 14th Five-Year Plan, supported by the enactment of the Black Soil Protection Law, which aims to establish a robust foundation for food security in China [4]

Core Insights - The protection and utilization of black soil, referred to as the "panda of arable land," is emphasized by President Xi Jinping, highlighting its importance for future generations [1][2] - The Northeast region of China, known for its fertile black soil, faces challenges such as soil fertility depletion, necessitating effective measures for conservation and sustainable use [1][2] Group 1: Black Soil Protection Initiatives - In 2025, the central government plans to strengthen the governance of erosion ditches in the Northeast black soil region, with significant investments made in local projects [1][3] - The Heilongjiang Province has reported a remarkable increase in corn yield, with a per mu (0.067 hectares) output surpassing 1000 kg after the treatment of erosion ditches [1] - The Ministry of Water Resources has allocated a total of 14.406 billion yuan to the Northeast black soil region during the 14th Five-Year Plan, addressing 57,300 erosion ditches and protecting approximately 13.74 million mu of arable land [2] Group 2: Financial Support and Technological Advancements - Farmers in Heilongjiang Province receive various subsidies for black soil protection practices, including 20 yuan per mu for straw returning and 150 yuan per mu for crop rotation, significantly boosting their income [2] - The average organic matter content in Heilongjiang's soil is projected to reach 40.3 grams per kilogram by 2024, reflecting a 4.1 grams per kilogram increase since 2016 [2] - The government is exploring innovative financing methods for ecological product value transformation to support erosion ditch governance, indicating a shift towards sustainable economic models [3] Group 3: Policy and Legislative Framework - The implementation of the "Black Soil Protection Law" signifies a robust legal framework aimed at safeguarding this critical agricultural resource [4] - The total area of black soil protected in China has exceeded 400 million mu during the 14th Five-Year Plan, underscoring the government's commitment to food security and sustainable agriculture [4]

Core Points - The Chinese government emphasizes the importance of protecting black soil, referred to as the "panda of arable land," to ensure sustainable agricultural productivity for future generations [1][4] - Significant investments and initiatives are being implemented to combat soil erosion and improve agricultural yields in Northeast China's black soil region [2][3] Group 1: Government Initiatives - The central government has allocated 144.06 billion yuan to the Northeast black soil region during the 14th Five-Year Plan, focusing on the treatment of 57,300 erosion gullies and protecting approximately 13.74 million acres of arable land, resulting in an annual increase of about 330 million jin of grain production [2] - The 2025 Central Document No. 1 highlights the need to strengthen the governance of erosion gullies in the Northeast black soil area [1][3] Group 2: Local Success Stories - In Yongfa Village, Heilongjiang Province, the treatment of a 2,810-meter-long erosion gully has led to a remarkable increase in corn yield from 300 kg per mu to over 1,000 kg per mu [1] - Local farmers are benefiting from various subsidies for black soil protection, including 20 yuan per mu for straw returning, 30 yuan per mu for deep plowing, and 150 yuan per mu for crop rotation, with one farmer receiving nearly 20,000 yuan in total subsidies [2] Group 3: Innovative Approaches - The Ministry of Water Resources is exploring ecological product value transformation to address challenges in valuation, collateral, and monetization of ecological benefits, with a focus on collaborative efforts between central and local governments [3] - The introduction of the "Black Soil Protection Law" aims to provide robust measures for safeguarding this critical agricultural resource, with over 400 million acres of black soil protected during the 14th Five-Year Plan [4]

Core Insights - The article highlights the ongoing agricultural activities in Heilongjiang, particularly the harvesting of crops and the scientific efforts to assess and improve soil quality in the region [2][3]. Group 1: Agricultural Practices and Crop Yield - As of October 10, Heilongjiang has harvested 111.08 million acres of crops, accounting for over 50% of the total area [2]. - The province's grain output is projected to exceed 160 billion jin in 2024, marking a 6.11% increase from 2020 and achieving 21 consecutive years of growth [3]. Group 2: Soil Quality and Research - The average organic matter content in Heilongjiang's soil is 40.3 grams per kilogram, an increase of 4.1 grams per kilogram since 2016 [3]. - The average thickness of the plow layer in waterlogged and dry fields has increased by 3.5 cm and 1.5 cm, respectively, since 2016 [3]. Group 3: Technological Advancements in Agriculture - Heilongjiang has established a standardized technical system for black soil protection, covering all soil types related to black land [4]. - The North China Agricultural Group has implemented three main types of technology for black soil protection, including integrated demonstration engineering, modern agronomic techniques, and biological measures [4]. Group 4: Innovative Farming Techniques - Water-fertilizer integration technology is being tested in various demonstration bases, which allows for precise and uniform delivery of fertilizers while reducing chemical fertilizer usage [6][7]. - The use of sensors in fields helps farmers monitor soil conditions and optimize fertilization based on real-time data [7]. Group 5: Challenges and Future Outlook - The promotion of agricultural technology faces challenges, particularly for small-scale farmers who may lack the necessary machinery [7]. - There is an increasing involvement of younger individuals in agricultural technology promotion, which is expected to enhance the effectiveness of black soil protection efforts in the future [8].

Core Points - Heilongjiang Province has built nearly 1.2 million acres of high-standard farmland, the largest scale in the country during the 14th Five-Year Plan period [1] - The province ranks first in the nation for cultivated land area, permanent basic farmland area, grain production, commodity volume, outflow volume, and reserve volume, contributing one out of every nine bowls of rice in China [1] - A collaborative food security guarantee system has been established in Heilongjiang, integrating production, purchase, storage, processing, sales, and management [1] - The province has implemented black soil protection projects covering 1 million acres to protect its fertile land [1] - The agricultural modernization level has significantly improved, with 100% coverage of high-quality seeds for major crops, a 70% contribution rate from agricultural technology progress, and over 99% comprehensive mechanization rate for crop farming [1] - The average yield of grain crops in Heilongjiang has exceeded 720 pounds per acre, an increase of 26.7 pounds per acre compared to the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan [1]