内卷式竞争

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(经济观察)外卖大战降温 专家吁多管齐下破内卷
Zhong Guo Xin Wen Wang· 2025-08-09 15:20
Group 1 - The subsidy war among food delivery platforms in China is cooling down following a joint statement from Meituan, Ele.me, and JD.com, which committed to avoiding irrational promotions after being interviewed by the State Administration for Market Regulation [1] - Delivery riders and merchants are facing pressure; while order volumes and incomes have increased in the short term, the high intensity of work is causing physical and mental strain [1] - A mid-tier fast food company's management reported a 12%-15% decline in dine-in customer flow due to delivery subsidies, with delivery orders increasing from 15% to 22% of total sales [1] Group 2 - Over-competition and "involution" in the market can harm efficiency and fairness, with subsidies failing to cultivate user habits or expand market size, primarily substituting online for offline business [2] - The subsidy war may accelerate the "Matthew effect," where financially strong platforms use extensive subsidies to squeeze out competitors, leading to increased market concentration [2] - The "double involution" in platform economics involves both competition among platforms for user traffic and merchants being forced to participate in subsidies to gain private traffic [2] Group 3 - Recommendations for government regulation include flexible enforcement, such as reminding platforms to standardize competitive behavior, and utilizing existing laws to regulate predatory pricing [3] - Platforms are advised to avoid short-sighted subsidy competition and instead pursue differentiated development paths by enhancing service quality and technological innovation to gain competitive advantages [3]
【民生调查局】外卖补贴大战背后:骑手日工作超12小时,餐饮商家每单亏8元
Zhong Guo Xin Wen Wang· 2025-08-09 06:09
这里是民生调查局,见人所未见,调查民生之变。关注你想关注的、你没关注的,调查你想 看的、未看到的。 中新网北京8月9日电(左雨晴)"我等个奶茶等了一个多小时。"立秋这天,奶茶店爆单,奶茶店员和外卖 小哥成了热搜里"立秋第一杯奶茶的受害者"。 晚上六点,正值外卖点单的高峰期,"85后"外卖骑手赵彰(化名)同时打开美团、京东、饿了么三个平台 接单,并祈祷不同平台派送的单子尽量能在一个方向。另一边,餐饮店员面对着不断新增的外卖订单, 被外卖骑手催到崩溃。 今年以来,各平台掀起新一轮"外卖大战"。这场持续数月的"狂欢",对平台、餐饮商家和外卖骑手,究 竟意味着什么?中国新闻网《民生调查局》进行了采访调查。 外卖骑手:每日工作超12小时 "单量明显增加"是外卖骑手最直观的感受。 "去年没有补贴的时候是限单,骑手每天限制不能超过45单或者50单,现在是限低,每天不能低于40单 或者45单。" 编者按: 赵彰告诉记者,他从2020年年底来到北京,各平台的外卖都送过。"我在骑手里属于比较'极端'的,跑 起来稍微拼命一点。" 资料图:外卖小哥顶着烈日在北京街头骑车配送。 中新社记者 贾天勇 摄 外卖订单激增下,赵彰的收入也水涨 ...
外卖补贴大战背后:骑手日工作超12小时 餐饮商家每单亏8元
Zhong Guo Xin Wen Wang· 2025-08-09 03:00
资料图:外卖小哥顶着烈日在北京街头骑车配送。中新社记者贾天勇摄 01 外卖骑手:每日工作超12小时 "单量明显增加"是外卖骑手最直观的感受。 "去年没有补贴的时候是限单,骑手每天限制不能超过45单或者50单,现在是限低,每天不能低于40单 或者45单。" 赵彰告诉记者,他从2020年年底来到北京,各平台的外卖都送过。"我在骑手里属于比较'极端'的,跑 起来稍微拼命一点。" 外卖订单激增下,赵彰的收入也水涨船高,上个月他跑了约2600单。"订单跟去年比几乎翻倍,我现在 的收入是去年同期的1.5倍,月收入差不多有2万多元。" "我等个奶茶等了一个多小时。"立秋这天,奶茶店爆单,奶茶店员和外卖小哥成了热搜里"立秋第一杯 奶茶的受害者"。 晚上六点,正值外卖点单的高峰期,"85后"外卖骑手赵彰(化名)同时打开美团、京东、饿了么三个平 台接单,并祈祷不同平台派送的单子尽量能在一个方向。另一边,餐饮店员面对着不断新增的外卖订 单,被外卖骑手催到崩溃。 今年以来,各平台掀起新一轮"外卖大战"。这场持续数月的"狂欢",对平台、餐饮商家和外卖骑手,究 竟意味着什么?中国新闻网《民生调查局》进行了采访调查。 不过,赵彰收入提升并 ...
金融支持制造业也要防"内卷"
Jing Ji Ri Bao· 2025-08-08 10:38
Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China and six other departments have issued guidelines to financially support new industrialization, aiming for a mature financial system that enhances service adaptability for high-end, intelligent, and green manufacturing by 2027 [1] Group 1: Financial Support for New Industrialization - New industrialization requires significant financial support due to its characteristics of high investment, high risk, and long cycles, particularly in areas like intelligent transformation and green transition [1][2] - The financial system faces challenges in supporting new industrialization due to the high risks and uncertainties associated with technology development, especially during the commercialization phase [2] - Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face pronounced difficulties in financing, necessitating optimized policy tools and the introduction of patient capital to alleviate funding bottlenecks [2] Group 2: Differentiated Financial Strategies - A differentiated approach to financial support is essential, as various industries have different lifecycle stages, technological maturity, and market demands [3] - Over-investment in emerging industries can lead to bubbles, while insufficient support for traditional industries can hinder their upgrade, affecting overall industrial resilience [3] - Financial resources should be directed towards technology innovation, product upgrades, and brand development to foster internationally competitive brands and shift from cost competition to technology and brand competition [3] Group 3: Avoiding Internal Competition - The global manufacturing sector is undergoing significant adjustments, and it is crucial to direct financial resources towards key areas of technological advancement and industrial upgrading to enhance competitiveness [4] - Avoiding "involution" in the industry, characterized by low-level repetitive construction and homogeneous product price wars, is vital for fostering innovation and breaking through core technology bottlenecks [3][4]
短期因素致制造业景气度下滑 暑期效应带动服务消费向好
Jin Rong Shi Bao· 2025-08-08 07:42
Group 1: Manufacturing Sector - In July, the manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) decreased to 49.3%, down 0.4 percentage points from the previous month, indicating a contraction in manufacturing activity [1][2] - The new orders index fell into the contraction zone, primarily due to weakened external demand and adverse weather conditions affecting production [1][2] - The production index was reported at 50.5%, indicating continued expansion in manufacturing activities despite a decline from the previous month [2][3] - High-tech manufacturing PMI remained in expansion at 50.3%, showing resilience and strong growth potential in this sector [3] Group 2: Non-Manufacturing Sector - The non-manufacturing business activity index was at 50.1%, down 0.4 percentage points from last month, but still above the critical point [4] - Service sector activities showed stability, with a business activity index of 50.0%, reflecting positive consumer behavior during the summer season [4][5] - The construction sector experienced a slowdown due to adverse weather, with a business activity index of 50.6%, down 2.2 percentage points from the previous month [5] Group 3: Economic Outlook - Analysts suggest that despite short-term fluctuations due to weather, the foundation for economic recovery remains solid, supported by strong demand and policy backing [3][6] - The business activity expectation index for the service sector rose to 56.6%, indicating optimism among service providers regarding future market conditions [5] - Continued implementation of policies aimed at boosting domestic demand is expected to support investment and consumption activities in the second half of the year [6]
多地保险业治理不正当竞争
Jin Rong Shi Bao· 2025-08-08 07:04
7月24日,在广东银行业保险业2025年上半年新闻通气会上,广东金融监管局党委委员、二级巡视员黄 海晖表示,广东金融监管部门已印发银行业保险业"内卷式"竞争负面清单,指导行业协会研究制定反不 正当竞争自律公约,推动行业治理迈入制度化、规范化轨道。 自今年《政府工作报告》首次提出综合整治"内卷式"竞争以来,一场围绕"有序竞争"的治理便在保险业 展开。 不过,不少业内人士直言,保险业"反内卷"倡议仍聚焦于手续费、佣金等层面。究其原因,在于保险业 在竞争过程中的高度同质化。各家险企产品的特点、营销方式往往趋同,只能"卷价格""卷费用"。相比 之下,大型保险机构可凭借规模效应,实现更低的成本,具有显著的竞争优势。 北京大学经济学院风险管理与保险学系主任、北京大学中国保险与社会保障研究中心主任郑伟表示,竞 争是市场经济运行的基础机制,正常竞争将促进资源有效配置,提升产品服务质量,提高企业经营管理 效率,增进消费者福利。但是,"内卷式"竞争聚焦于同质化产品"厮杀",压低价格和利润,引发恶性循 环,长期将损害整个行业和消费者的利益。 正因如此,此次广东金融监管局率先立下规矩,为恶性竞争踩下"刹车"。 《金融时报》记者注意到 ...
以“法治利剑”斩断“内卷”链条
Qi Huo Ri Bao Wang· 2025-08-07 23:46
Core Viewpoint - The revision of the Price Law aims to address the rampant "involution" competition across various industries, which undermines sustainable development and innovation, by establishing clearer legal standards and responsibilities for price-related behaviors [1][2][6] Group 1: Issues in Current Market Competition - Industries such as livestock, photovoltaic, and electric vehicles are experiencing severe price wars, leading to overall losses and diminished profit margins [1] - The phenomenon of "involution" competition is characterized by companies sacrificing profits to gain market share, which ultimately harms the entire industry's innovation capacity and international competitiveness [1][5] - The current market is plagued by low-cost dumping and other unfair pricing practices that disrupt normal market order and threaten sustainable industry development [5] Group 2: Key Changes in the Price Law Revision - The revision introduces a shift from "setting levels" to "establishing mechanisms" for government pricing, promoting fair and lawful price competition [2] - It explicitly defines unfair pricing behaviors, including below-cost dumping to eliminate competitors, and prohibits coercive pricing practices [2][3] - New provisions address unfair pricing behaviors in the digital economy, targeting practices like "forced bundling" and "big data discrimination" that exploit market dominance [3] Group 3: Strengthening Legal Responsibilities - The revision significantly increases penalties for price violations, raising the maximum fine for failing to comply with pricing regulations from 5,000 yuan to 50,000 yuan [4] - It introduces legal responsibilities for businesses that refuse or provide false information during cost audits, enhancing enforcement capabilities [4] - The changes signal a commitment to higher costs for price violations, aiming to deter ineffective regulatory practices [4] Group 4: Implications for Market Dynamics - The revision reflects a respect for economic development laws and aims to protect market order, emphasizing the importance of fair competition [6] - By addressing "involution" competition, the law seeks to redirect focus from price wars to value-based competition, preserving reasonable profit margins for businesses [6]
协会倡议,北京餐饮业远离“补贴换流量”
Bei Jing Shang Bao· 2025-08-07 14:40
北京市餐饮行业协会近日正式发布关于联合抵制"内卷式"竞争、维护公平竞争市场秩序的倡议书。倡议 书强调,全行业需坚守底线,坚决抵制非理性竞争。其中,明确要求企业不得为排挤竞争等而以低于成 本的价格倾销;不得强制下游商家、供应商等交易相对方承担不合理比例的补贴份额;不得通过算法手 段,变相强制其他市场主体参与非自愿的价格战;同时坚决抵制"二选一""独家合作"等排除、限制竞争 的垄断行为。 同时,倡议书呼吁,企业须坚决杜绝因成本压缩导致的偷工减料、以次充好、服务缩水等问题;不得通 过"先涨价后补贴"、虚构原价、虚假宣传等方式误导消费者,也不得以"免单""0元购"等"超低价"为噱 头进行捆绑销售或隐瞒附加不合理费用。此外,摒弃"价格比拼"的短视思维,主动远离"赔本赚吆 喝""补贴换流量"等不可持续的低水平竞争模式。 倡议书指出,当前餐饮行业存在的"内卷式"恶意竞争,已对市场生态造成多重负面影响:不仅严重扰乱 公平竞争的市场秩序,损害消费者合法权益,还持续挤压企业合理利润空间,侵蚀行业可持续发展的根 基,更成为阻碍整体经济提质增效的突出障碍。为积极响应国家关于建设全国统一大市场、维护公平竞 争、推动高质量发展的政策导向 ...
谁都能骑在旅行社的头上?“内卷式”竞争的结局
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-08-07 13:21
Core Insights - The article discusses the negative impact of cutthroat competition in the study tour market, emphasizing the need for collaboration rather than price wars [4][5][8] - It highlights the importance of service quality in the tourism industry, suggesting that poor service leads to a loss of consumer trust and ultimately harms businesses [5][6] Group 1: Industry Competition - The study tour market is experiencing a downturn due to intense competition, which has led to a decline in product quality and consumer trust [4][5] - The article contrasts the current situation in the study tour sector with price wars in other industries, noting that the latter often maintains product quality while the former does not [4] - The ongoing price competition is unsustainable and has resulted in a vicious cycle of negative profits and declining service quality [5][6] Group 2: Collaboration and Strategic Partnerships - The article advocates for a collaborative approach between study tour institutions and travel agencies, highlighting the strengths each can bring to the table [4][8] - Successful partnerships, such as the collaboration between a travel agency and a STEAM education institution, have shown that strategic cooperation can lead to higher profit margins [8] - The concept of "cooperation for mutual benefit" is rooted in ancient wisdom and is presented as a viable solution to current industry challenges [8][9] Group 3: Industry Events - The article mentions the recent travel business study tour summit held on August 28, which aimed to promote the idea of cooperation among industry players [9] - Various exhibitors, including travel agencies and educational institutions, participated in the summit to explore potential partnerships and share insights on the future of study tourism [10][12][16]
对话北大薛军:治理平台内卷式竞争,应注重平衡多方主体利益
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-08-07 09:40
图为北京大学教授薛军(受访者供图) 在接受南都采访时,薛军强调,应避免将"内卷式"竞争这一概念予以标签化,不能将企业的所有的竞争行为都视 为"内卷",而是要具体问题具体分析。对于平台"慷他人之慨",转嫁补贴成本,强制或变相强制商家参与补贴活 动,监管部门应及时介入纠正,甚至立案调查;但如果不触及法律,则应当尊重企业在价格竞争方面的自主经营 权。薛军还认为,在推进平台生态治理中,应注重平衡保护以及兼顾平台、平台内经营者、消费者等多方主体的 利益。 治理 "内卷式"竞争不应标签化 近两年来,治理"内卷式"竞争引发高度关注。从光伏、汽车、水泥、钢铁再到电商、金融等领域,"反内卷"浪潮 席卷多个行业。 7月30日召开的中央政治局会议明确,依法依规治理企业无序竞争,推进重点行业产能治理,规范地方招商引资行 为。在纵深推进全国统一大市场建设的背景下,反"内卷式"竞争进一步落实落细。 破除"内卷式"竞争,如何规范地方政府和企业行为?平台告别"内卷"竞争的出路在哪里?日前,南都·反垄断前沿 专访多位业内专家,策划推出反"内卷式"竞争系列对话。北京大学法学院教授、北大电子商务法研究中心主任薛 军长期关注电商领域,是《电商法》起 ...