9月15日，外交部发言人林剑主持例行记者会。有记者提问，墨西哥总统克上周表示，本周将与中国进 行会谈，讨论对中国商品征收最高达50%关税的事情，外交部是否有关于会谈的最新信息？ 林剑表示，中方始终倡导普惠包容的经济全球化，反对各种形式的单边主义、保护主义以及歧视性、排 他性措施，坚决反对在他人胁迫下，以各种名目对华设限，损害中方的正当权益。中方将根据实际情况 坚决维护自身权益。 中墨两国都是重要的全球南方国家，互利共赢是中墨经贸合作的本质特征。中方高度重视中墨关系发 展，希望墨方相向而行，共同维护良好的国际经贸环境。 （文章来源：央视新闻） ...

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. Department of Commerce has added two Chinese semiconductor equipment companies to the Entity List, accusing them of providing regulated chip manufacturing equipment to SMIC, which is seen as a move to strengthen export controls on Chinese chips, potentially impacting the global semiconductor supply chain [1][3]. Group 1: Companies Involved - The two companies added to the Entity List are GMC Semiconductor Technology (Wuxi) Co., Ltd. and Jicun Semiconductor Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., which are accused of violating export control regulations by supplying equipment to SMIC [2][4]. - These companies focus on the research and manufacturing of front-end semiconductor equipment, including etching and thin film deposition equipment [3]. Group 2: Impact of U.S. Measures - The U.S. claims that these companies provided equipment that can be used for advanced chip processes, and as a result, U.S. companies are now prohibited from exporting related technologies and products to them [3]. - The Chinese semiconductor industry association has condemned the U.S. actions as unilateralism and protectionism, asserting that they will defend the legitimate rights of Chinese enterprises [4]. - In 2023, the Chinese semiconductor equipment market reached a scale of $30 billion, with domestic equipment market share increasing to 20%, indicating progress in technology fields such as etching, cleaning, and thin film deposition [4].

Group 1 - The Trump administration's unilateral tariff policy has faced widespread international opposition, particularly in the context of US-China trade relations, leading to a prolonged negotiation period [1] - The US has shifted to a more covert strategy, encouraging EU member states to impose tariffs on Chinese goods, with a recent proposal to impose punitive tariffs of up to 100% on Russian energy imports, indirectly targeting China [1][3] - Many European countries recognize that blindly following US policies could jeopardize their energy security, as evidenced by the significant trade volume between China and the EU, which reached 3.88 trillion yuan in the first eight months of 2025, a 4.3% year-on-year increase [3] Group 2 - The US's actions have caused significant internal divisions within the EU, potentially leading to a trade war that would primarily benefit the US [4] - Major European nations, such as Germany and France, have expressed concerns that imposing tariffs on China would harm their national interests and manufacturing sectors [6] - Mexico's recent decision to raise tariffs on over 1,400 products from China, with rates up to 50%, has sparked domestic backlash, as local businesses fear increased production costs and diminished international competitiveness [6]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government criticizes the U.S. for imposing sanctions on Chinese companies and urges the U.S. to correct its actions, emphasizing the need to protect the legitimate rights of Chinese enterprises [1] Group 1: U.S. Sanctions on Chinese Entities - The U.S. Department of Commerce has added multiple Chinese entities to its export control "entity list" as of September 12, 2025 [1] - The Chinese government views the U.S. actions as an abuse of export controls under the guise of national security, affecting sectors such as semiconductors, biotechnology, aerospace, and logistics [1] Group 2: Impact on Global Trade - The Chinese government argues that U.S. unilateral actions disrupt normal business exchanges between countries, distort the global market, and harm the legitimate rights of enterprises [1] - The sanctions are seen as detrimental to the stability and security of global supply chains and industrial chains [1]

Core Viewpoint - The China Electromechanical Products Import and Export Chamber (CMEP) strongly opposes the U.S. government's series of prohibitive and restrictive measures against China in the integrated circuit sector [1] Group 1: U.S. Measures and China's Response - The CMEP supports the Chinese Ministry of Commerce's decision to initiate anti-dumping investigations against U.S. imported analog chips and to launch anti-discrimination investigations regarding U.S. measures in the integrated circuit field [1] - The CMEP criticizes the U.S. government's broad interpretation of national security, which has led to unilateral actions that harm Chinese enterprises and disrupt global supply chains [1] Group 2: Fair Trade and Market Environment - The CMEP emphasizes the importance of a fair competitive market environment for the stable development of the semiconductor industry [2] - The organization encourages enterprises to promote technological innovation, strengthen industry chain collaboration, and actively engage in international cooperation to advance the semiconductor industry towards high-quality development [2]

Core Insights - U.S. soybean farmers are experiencing "order anxiety" as they face a significant drop in orders from China, which traditionally accounts for a substantial portion of U.S. soybean exports [1][3] - The U.S. agricultural sector, contributing $9.5 trillion to the economy and employing millions, is facing challenges as Chinese buyers turn to cheaper South American soybeans, leading to a record import volume from Brazil [3][4] - The U.S. soybean prices have plummeted by 40%, while production costs continue to rise, resulting in financial losses for farmers [3][5] Industry Summary - The U.S. soybean industry is under pressure due to a lack of Chinese orders, which previously accounted for 8-9% of orders during this period [1][3] - South American soybeans are favored due to lower prices and no tariffs, with U.S. tariffs reaching 34%, making American soybeans less competitive [3][4] - The U.S. government's attempts to negotiate new agreements and provide tariff protections have not been effective, as China has built up strategic reserves of 45 million tons of soybeans, sufficient for two years [3][5] Strategic Implications - The trade conflict between the U.S. and China is reshaping global supply chains, with countries diversifying their sources to mitigate risks [4][5] - If the U.S. continues its "threat diplomacy" approach without engaging in equal dialogue, the agricultural sector may face further decline [5] - The situation highlights the importance of cooperation over unilateral actions, as reliance on tariffs may ultimately harm U.S. agricultural interests [5]

Core Viewpoint - Mexico has proposed a significant tariff reform, imposing tariffs as high as 50% on imports from non-free trade agreement countries, as part of its industrial policy in response to U.S. tariffs [1][3]. Group 1: Tariff Reform Details - The proposed tariff reform targets 1,371 categories of goods, accounting for 16.8% of Mexico's total tariff codes, with proposed rates of 10%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, and 50% [1]. - The total value of goods affected by the new tariffs is approximately $52 billion, representing 8.6% of Mexico's imports [1]. - The tariffs are expected to be implemented by the end of next year, although there is a possibility of delays [1]. Group 2: Economic Context - Mexico's trade dependency on the U.S. is significant, with both imports and exports to the U.S. around 50% [3]. - In 2024, Mexico's exports to the U.S. are projected to exceed $500 billion, making it a key supplier of automobiles [6]. - The U.S. is also Mexico's largest source of imports, with over $140 billion in goods imported in 2024 [6]. Group 3: Global Trade Implications - The tariff reform is seen as a reaction to U.S. pressure, particularly regarding tariffs on countries like China and India [1]. - The new tariffs will particularly impact industries such as automotive, where tariffs on light vehicles will rise from 20% to 50%, affecting China's market share in Mexico [11]. - The broader implications of the U.S. tariff strategy are leading to a "tariff war," which is disrupting global supply chains and could harm Mexico's economic independence and industrial development [11][12].

Core Viewpoint - Mexico's President announced a significant trade policy adjustment, imposing punitive tariffs of up to 50% on imports from China, Russia, and some Asian countries starting in 2026, which is perceived as a response to U.S. pressure [2][5] Group 1: Trade Policy Impact - The tariff adjustment will affect over 1,400 product categories, including automotive, textiles, steel, plastics, and furniture [2] - The automotive industry will be particularly impacted, with tariffs on Chinese light vehicles potentially rising from 15% to 50%, affecting brands like SAIC and Chery [2] - Mexico's trade with China reached $109.426 billion in 2024, making China Mexico's second-largest trading partner [5] Group 2: Economic Consequences - The Mexican Chinese Chamber of Commerce warned that the 50% tariff could lead to increased domestic prices, with an estimated 8.2% rise in annual household expenditures [6] - The policy could hinder Mexico's transition to renewable energy, especially in the electric vehicle supply chain [6] - It may undermine Mexico's competitive advantage as a manufacturing hub in North America, prompting foreign companies to reassess their investment plans [6] Group 3: Geopolitical Context - The U.S. has been applying pressure on multiple trade partners to challenge China, indicating a strategy to create a trade encirclement [8] - This tactic mirrors previous U.S. strategies during the Trump administration, aiming to create a perception of isolation for China [10] - Mexico faces a strategic choice between being a pawn in great power competition or pursuing an independent trade policy [12]

Group 1 - The ongoing US-China trade war has extended into the shipping trade sector, with the US government attempting to impose high toll fees on Chinese shipping companies, while China has responded with punitive tariffs of up to 78% on certain US products [1][10] - Starting from October 14, 2024, all vessels registered in mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macau must pay a fee of $50 per net ton when docking at US ports, which will increase annually to a maximum of $140 per net ton [3][4] - The new US port fee policy is expected to impact 98% of global merchant ships due to their connections with Chinese shipbuilding or shipping companies [4] Group 2 - The US policy aims to weaken the market share of Chinese shipping companies on US routes and revive the declining US shipbuilding industry, which has faced challenges such as skilled labor shortages and supply chain disruptions [5] - Major Chinese shipping companies have already begun to adjust their route allocations, with at least six regular weekly routes to the US being suspended, while other routes have seen increased business [7][8] - China's strategic response includes redirecting shipping capacity from US routes to other regions, effectively avoiding US fees and improving operational efficiency on alternative routes [8] Group 3 - The US's unilateral policy changes have caused significant disruptions in the global shipping industry, with warnings from various US industries about potential chaos in international shipping due to the reliance on vessels associated with China [8] - China's implementation of anti-circumvention measures against US fiber optic products, resulting in additional tariffs, highlights the vulnerabilities in the US supply chain and technology sectors [10] - The outcome of this trade conflict will depend on the resilience of industries, technological innovation, and cost control, emphasizing the need for a balance between protecting domestic industries and maintaining international trade order [11]

Group 1 - Mexico plans to increase import tariffs on approximately 1,400 products, including automobiles, toys, steel, textiles, and plastic products, to a rate of 10%-50% for countries that have not signed free trade agreements with Mexico, including China [2][3] - The U.S. is the largest importer of automobiles globally and Mexico's primary export destination for light vehicles, with approximately 2.8 million light vehicles exported to the U.S. in 2024, accounting for 80.2% of Mexico's total light vehicle exports [3] - Mexico's actions are perceived as aligning with U.S. strategies to curb Chinese influence and may impact the investment climate in Mexico, potentially reducing confidence among businesses [2][4] Group 2 - The Chinese Ministry of Commerce expressed concerns that Mexico's tariff increases could harm the interests of relevant trade partners, including China, and negatively affect the business environment in Mexico [4][5] - China advocates for resolving trade disputes through equal dialogue and opposes unilateralism, protectionism, and discriminatory measures, emphasizing the importance of mutual cooperation between China and Mexico [4][5] - In 2024, Mexico became the sixth-largest destination for China's new energy vehicle exports, with a total of 80,552 vehicles exported, indicating a growing trade relationship in the automotive sector [3]