点击小程序查看报告原文 今年1-7月，我国出口同比增速要远高于市场预期。我们认为，在全球产业链重构的背景下，新兴市场和发展中国家工业化加速，而中国完整 的供应链叠加竞争力提升，使得我国中间品出口提速，对我国出口增速形成重要支撑。今年1-7月，我国中间品出口强于资本品、消费品，中 间品的出口增长主要是对新兴市场/发展中国家的中间品出口提升。在中间品出口的推动下，我国对非美地区的出口增速较高。行业上，机 电、贱金属、运输设备、精密仪器的中间品出口增速较高，或反映了我国制造业的规模经济优势，以及科技创新能力的提升。 2025年1-7月，我国出口以美元计价累计同比增长6.1%。而在全球关税扰动之下，市场对2025年的出口增速预期仅为0.88%（图表1）。为什么 我国出口增速要远高于市场预期？我们此前在 《解码出口新常态》 中提出，在全球产业链重构的背景下，新兴市场和发展中国家工业化加 速，带动了我国中间品的出口，是我国出口增速较高的重要支撑，而市场对此有所低估。 图表1：今年1-7月的出口同比增速超出市场预期 资料来源：iFinD，海关总署，中金公司研究部 2025年1-7月，我国中间品出口强于资本品、消费品，是出口 ...

↑点击上面图片 加雪球核心交流群 ↑ A股太强了！ 今天三大指数集体大涨均创阶段新高，三市成交额突破3万亿元创历史 次高，截至收盘，上证指数涨1.51%，深证成指涨2.26%，创业板指涨 3%。 沪深两市全天成交额3.14万亿，较上个交易日放量5944亿，为历史第二高成交额。 盘面上，AI等泛科技板块今日再度大涨，板块题材上，稀 土、白酒、贵金属、CPO、卫星导航板块 涨幅居前，寒武纪-U再度大涨，股价也直逼茅 台！ 01 寒武纪再创新高！ 股价逼近茅台！ 寒武纪-U今日早盘高开6.26%，股价再创历史新高，最高触及1391元/股。截至收盘，寒武纪-U 涨11.4%，公司股价为1384.93元，市值规模达 5794亿元，成为A股中继贵州茅台后的第二只千元股。 消息面上，工信部表示，有序引导算力设施建设，切实提升算力资源供给质量。加快突破GPU芯片等关键核心技术，扩大基础共性技术供给。 值得一提的是，寒武纪与2022年4月末的46.59元阶段低点相比，三年多时间内最大涨幅接近 30倍！ 此外，高盛上调寒武纪-U目标价50%至1835元。寒武纪-U 2024年实现营收11.74亿元，同比增长65.56%；今年第一 ...

戴康 CFA 广发证券发展研究中心 董事总经理（MD）、首席资产研究官 邮箱：daikang@gf.com.cn 报告摘要 ● 全球大类资产表现与宏观交易主线：（8.11-8.19），权益类资产明显跑赢大宗商品与债券，投资者策略上倾向继 续增加权益风险敞口，而债市则保持防守与等待。 从宏观层面看，全球市场风险偏好中枢波动抬升，但有边际回落 扰动需要关注。国际市场方面，前期美俄会谈促进风险偏好回升，同时通胀数据披露后市场对美联储9月降息的预期 抬升，但8月19日晚间受本周五鲍威尔将在全球央行年会讲话的避险预期抢跑影响，美国市场的降息预期有所回落， 市场有较大震荡，同时受MIT的AI泡沫报告与Altman的AI泡沫言论影响，美股科技板块有较大回撤，市场情绪有边 际恶化倾向。国内市场方面，当前市场在外部环境较缓和背景下，视线更多集中在居民"存款搬家"现象下国内权益 市场的优异表现。国内"反内卷"政策成效逐步显现，加之关税忧虑略有缓解、地缘冲突缓和迹象，提振了整体风险 偏好，股债跷跷板行情演绎，"存款搬家"进入股市大背景下，国内债市行情整体偏弱。另外，提醒关注本周香港 Hibor利率快速回升使得港币流动性收紧及港币兑 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes that the core of investment lies in discovering value rather than chasing price fluctuations, highlighting the resilience of the Chinese market amid structural economic transformations [2]. Group 1: Market Fundamentals - The current market fundamentals are developing beyond expectations, supported by rapid advancements in new productive forces and a recovery in traditional industry profits due to supply-side reforms [3][6]. - New productive forces are seen as a favorable growth direction, while traditional industries are expected to benefit from a new balance in supply and demand as capital expenditures decline [3][5]. Group 2: Industry Relationships - The relationship between industries is evolving from competition to collaboration, particularly as new productive forces drive consumption that can rejuvenate traditional sectors like real estate and automotive [5][8]. - The optimization of resource allocation, such as the "腾笼换鸟" (tenglong huan niao) strategy, has facilitated the reallocation of resources from traditional industries to emerging sectors [5]. Group 3: Economic Structure and Distribution - The shift towards "反内卷" (anti-involution) aims to adjust the distribution structure, favoring laborers in initial distribution and enhancing consumption potential in secondary distribution [7]. - The focus on high-end manufacturing and achieving a dominant position in the industry chain is crucial for China's economic transformation [7]. Group 4: Global Supply Chain Dynamics - Chinese companies are increasingly seeking opportunities abroad, particularly in Southeast Asia and Latin America, as they face challenges from U.S. tariffs [8]. - The long-term outlook suggests that China's position in the global supply chain will strengthen as it transitions to a consumer-driven economy, necessitating the development of high-value-added industries [8]. Group 5: Investment Framework - The investment framework is based on three key elements: economic moat, margin of safety, and the investor's circle of competence, which are essential for understanding value investment [13]. - A comprehensive approach to investment analysis includes macroeconomic factors, industry cycles, and the human element in understanding consumer needs [15].

Core Viewpoint - The articles discuss the potential for gold prices to rise due to various factors, including anticipated interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve, geopolitical uncertainties, and strong demand for gold from central banks and ETFs. However, there are also warnings about the possibility of gold prices weakening in the short term due to market volatility and mixed signals from the Fed [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Group 1: Federal Reserve and Economic Indicators - The Federal Reserve's July meeting minutes indicate a division among decision-makers regarding inflation and employment risks, which may influence future interest rate decisions [1] - The expectation of a potential interest rate cut by the Federal Reserve is seen as a new driving force for gold prices, especially following disappointing U.S. non-farm payroll data [2] - Market participants are cautious ahead of the Jackson Hole meeting, with a focus on how the Fed's stance on interest rates may impact gold prices [3] Group 2: Geopolitical Factors - Geopolitical developments, including Trump's comments on U.S.-Russia-Ukraine relations and a new ceasefire agreement involving Hamas, are contributing to a reduction in market risk aversion [1] - The ongoing trend of "de-dollarization" and "anti-globalization" is viewed as beneficial for gold's investment and hedging value [2][4] Group 3: Gold Price Predictions - MKS PAMP has adjusted its average gold price forecast for the year to approximately $3,200 per ounce, with an expectation that prices could reach $3,600 per ounce by year-end [4] - UBS has raised its gold price forecast for the second quarter of 2026 to $3,600 per ounce, citing macroeconomic risks and strong investment demand as key factors [5] - The global demand for gold is projected to grow by 3% in 2025, reaching 4,760 metric tons, marking the highest level since 2011 [6]

Group 1: Currency Exchange and Economic Outlook - After experiencing appreciation of the RMB against the USD from April to June, the exchange rate has stabilized between 7.152 and 7.2123 since July, with expectations of continued strength due to factors like investment growth and consumption policies [1] - The risk of the US economy entering "stagflation" is increasing, which may lead to a weakening of the USD in the future [1][2] - The anticipated interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve will likely widen the interest rate differential between China and the US, supporting the RMB's strength against the USD [6] Group 2: US Economic Conditions - In July, the US labor market showed weakness with non-farm payrolls increasing by only 73,000, significantly below the expected 104,000, indicating a deteriorating employment situation [3] - Despite weak employment data, consumer spending remains resilient, primarily driven by wealthier consumers, which may mask underlying economic weaknesses [2] - The impact of tariffs on the US economy is showing a lag, with inflationary pressures emerging as core CPI increased by 0.3 percentage points in July [3][4] Group 3: China's Economic Performance - High-frequency data in August indicates a continued positive trend in China's economy, with construction project funding rates improving [5] - The Chinese government has introduced policies to stimulate consumption, including personal consumption loan interest subsidies, aimed at enhancing financial flows into the consumer sector [5] - The real estate sector shows signs of recovery, with a slight narrowing of the year-on-year decline in sales compared to July [5] Group 4: Interest Rate Dynamics - The likelihood of a Federal Reserve rate cut in September is increasing, which could lead to a decline in US Treasury yields and open up room for rate cuts by the Chinese central bank [6] - The interest rate differential between China and the US has widened, with the 10-year Treasury yield spread reaching -2.5524 percentage points as of August 18 [6]

1. Report Industry Investment Ratings No specific industry investment ratings are provided in the report. 2. Core Views of the Report - Different futures products show diverse market trends and investment outlooks. Some products are expected to have bullish long - term trends, while others may face short - term adjustments or remain in a range - bound state. Overall, investors need to make decisions based on the specific fundamentals and market conditions of each product [5][9][11]. 3. Summary by Product Bonds - **Market Performance**: On the previous trading day, Treasury bond futures closed higher across the board. The 30 - year, 10 - year, 5 - year, and 2 - year main contracts rose by 0.23%, 0.03%, 0.07%, and 0.03% respectively [5]. - **Macro - economic Data**: From January to July, the national general public budget revenue was 13.5839 trillion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 0.1%. The national tax revenue was 11.0933 trillion yuan, a year - on - year decrease of 0.3%, and non - tax revenue was 2.4906 trillion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 2%. Stamp duty was 255.9 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 20.7%, among which securities trading stamp duty was 93.6 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 62.5% [5]. - **Outlook**: It is expected that Treasury bond futures will have no trend - based market and investors should remain cautious [6][7]. Stock Index Futures - **Market Performance**: On the previous trading day, stock index futures showed mixed results. The main contracts of CSI 300, SSE 50, CSI 500, and CSI 1000 stock index futures fell by 0.50%, 1.19%, 0.13%, and 0.03% respectively [8][9]. - **Outlook**: Although the domestic economic recovery momentum is weak and corporate profit growth is at a low level, due to the low valuation of domestic assets and the resilience of the Chinese economy, the long - term performance of Chinese equity assets is still optimistic, and existing long positions can be held [9][10]. Precious Metals - **Market Performance**: On the previous trading day, the closing price of the gold main contract was 775.06, a decline of 0.33%, and the night - session closing price was 772.61. The closing price of the silver main contract was 9,187, a decline of 0.77%, and the night - session closing price was 9061 [11]. - **Outlook**: The long - term bullish trend of precious metals is expected to continue. Consider going long on gold futures [11][12]. Steel and Related Products - **Rebar and Hot - Rolled Coil**: On the previous trading day, rebar and hot - rolled coil futures fell slightly. Policy changes are currently the main factor affecting the market, and the price of finished products follows the price of coking coal. In the medium term, the price will return to the industrial supply - demand logic. The downward trend of the real estate industry and over - capacity are the core factors suppressing rebar prices. Investors can pay attention to buying opportunities during pullbacks and manage positions carefully [13]. - **Iron Ore**: On the previous trading day, iron ore futures pulled back slightly. Policy is the main factor affecting the market, and the iron ore price follows the coking coal price. The short - term supply - demand pattern is strong, but it may weaken in the medium term. Investors can pay attention to buying opportunities during pullbacks and manage positions carefully [15]. - **Coking Coal and Coke**: On the previous trading day, coking coal and coke futures continued to decline. The current price still has bullish support due to policy - related supply reductions. In the short term, they may continue to adjust, and investors can pay attention to buying opportunities during pullbacks and manage positions carefully [17]. - **Ferroalloys**: On the previous trading day, the main contracts of manganese silicon and silicon iron fell. The short - term demand has a slight increase, but the supply is still excessive. After a decline, investors can consider long positions when the spot market falls into a loss - making range [19][20]. Energy Products - **Crude Oil**: On the previous trading day, INE crude oil oscillated downward, hitting a new low. Trump's arrangement of a tri - party meeting and CFTC data showing a net short position indicate that the crude oil price may be weak. The main contract should be put on hold for now [21][22][24]. - **Fuel Oil**: On the previous trading day, fuel oil oscillated downward. The Asian fuel oil spot market has sufficient supply, and the market shows mixed signals of improvement. The main contract strategy is to narrow the spread between high - and low - sulfur fuel oils [25][26]. Rubber Products - **Synthetic Rubber**: On the previous trading day, the main contract of synthetic rubber rose. Losses have led to reduced supply, and the macro - sentiment is positive. Wait for the market to stabilize and then participate in the rebound [27][28]. - **Natural Rubber**: On the previous trading day, the main contracts of natural rubber and 20 - grade rubber rose. The macro - market sentiment has improved, and there are supply - side disturbances. Consider going long after a pullback [29][30]. Chemical Products - **PVC**: On the previous trading day, the main contract of PVC fell. The oversupply situation continues, but the downward space may be limited, and it will continue to oscillate at the bottom [31][32]. - **Urea**: On the previous trading day, the main contract of urea rose. The market expects relaxed export restrictions to India. In the short term, it will oscillate, and in the medium term, it should be treated bullishly [33][34]. - **PX**: On the previous trading day, the main contract of PX rose. In the short term, the supply - demand situation has weakened, and the cost and demand support are insufficient. It may oscillate and adjust. Consider range - bound operations [35]. - **PTA**: On the previous trading day, the main contract of PTA rose. In the short term, the processing fee is under pressure, supply may decrease, demand improves slightly, and the cost support is weak. It may oscillate and be sorted out. Consider range - bound participation [36][37]. - **Ethylene Glycol**: On the previous trading day, the main contract of ethylene glycol rose. In the short term, the supply increase may suppress the market, but overseas device maintenance may reduce imports. Consider range - bound participation and pay attention to port inventory and import changes [38]. - **Short - Fiber**: On the previous trading day, the main contract of short - fiber rose. In the short term, the supply remains at a relatively high level, demand improves, and the supply - demand contradiction is not significant. It may follow the cost to oscillate [39][40]. - **Bottle Chips**: On the previous trading day, the main contract of bottle chips rose. Raw material prices oscillate, and there are more device overhauls. The market is supported, but the main logic lies in the cost end, and it is expected to follow the cost to oscillate [41]. - **Soda Ash**: On the previous trading day, the main contract of soda ash fell. The supply is increasing, and downstream demand is stable. It is expected to oscillate lightly and stably in the short term. Pay attention to controlling positions [42][43]. - **Glass**: On the previous trading day, the main contract of glass fell. The production line is stable, inventory reduction has slowed down, and downstream demand is weak. In the short term, go short at high levels, and pay attention to controlling positions [44]. - **Caustic Soda**: On the previous trading day, the main contract of caustic soda fell. Supply fluctuates little, and demand is under pressure. The price is expected to be weak in the short term [45][46]. - **Pulp**: On the previous trading day, the main contract of pulp fell. Supply contraction expectations dominate, but demand improvement is uncertain. The high inventory and macro - sentiment are in a game. [47][48] - **Lithium Carbonate**: On the previous trading day, the main contract of lithium carbonate fell. The trading logic has shifted to policy - related and mining - license events. The supply - demand surplus pattern remains, and investors should operate with a light position and control risks [49]. Non - Ferrous Metals - **Copper**: On the previous trading day, Shanghai copper oscillated slightly. The import window is open, and downstream consumption is average. There is a shortage of copper concentrate, and factors such as the Fed's interest - rate cut expectation and smooth Sino - US trade negotiations support copper prices. Consider going long on the main contract [51][52][53]. - **Tin**: On the previous trading day, Shanghai tin oscillated. The supply is tight, and consumption is weak. It is expected to oscillate [54]. - **Nickel**: On the previous trading day, Shanghai nickel fell. The market is in an oversupply pattern, and it is expected to oscillate [55][56]. Agricultural Products - **Soybean Oil and Soybean Meal**: On the previous trading day, soybean meal rose, and soybean oil fell. The domestic soybean supply is relatively loose, and the cost support is enhanced. Consider exiting long positions at high levels and then looking for long - position opportunities at support levels [57][58]. - **Palm Oil**: Malaysian palm oil prices have fluctuations. The export volume has increased, and the domestic inventory is high. Consider holding long positions with a light position [59][60]. - **Rapeseed Meal and Rapeseed Oil**: Canadian rapeseed prices fell. China's import sources may change, and the inventory of related products is at a high level. Consider reducing and holding long positions [61][63]. - **Cotton**: Domestic and foreign cotton prices show different trends. The US cotton supply - demand report is bullish, but the domestic textile export is under pressure. It is expected that the price will be strong in the short term [64][66]. - **Sugar**: Domestic and foreign sugar production and import data show different situations. It is recommended to wait and see [67][68]. - **Apples**: Apple futures fell slightly. The expected reduction in production has been falsified, and the market is expected to produce a small increase. It is recommended to wait and see [70][71][72]. - **Hogs**: The national average price of hogs rose slightly. The supply is increasing, and demand is weak in the short term. Consider an inverse spread strategy [73][75][76]. - **Eggs**: The average price of eggs remained stable. The supply is increasing, and consumption is not as expected. It is recommended to wait and see [77][78]. - **Corn and Starch**: Corn and corn starch futures fell. The short - term supply - demand tends to balance, but the new - season corn has a strong production expectation. It is recommended to wait and see, and corn starch follows the corn market [79][80]. - **Logs**: On the previous trading day, the main contract of logs fell. The spot market has improved, and the demand is slightly better than the arrival volume. It is expected to oscillate at a high level [81][84].

Market Overview - A-shares showed weakness in the morning session, with the ChiNext Index dropping over 2% at one point, but later rebounded slightly, with the Shanghai Composite Index up 0.04% and the Shenzhen Component down 0.53% [2][3] Sector Performance - Strong performance in the liquor sector, with stocks like Guizhou Moutai and Wuliangye seeing significant gains. Basic metals, aviation, and energy equipment sectors also showed strength, while software, internet, and biotechnology sectors experienced fluctuations [7][10][13] - The liquor industry is reportedly in a rapid bottoming phase, with leading companies adjusting channel structures and enhancing market development capabilities, potentially benefiting from a gradual recovery in consumption [13] Stock Highlights - Notable gainers in the liquor sector included: - JiuGui Jiu (涨停) [10] - SheDe JiuYe (涨幅 6.54%) [12] - GuoJing Gong Jiu (涨幅 4.82%) [12] - In the basic metals sector, companies like: - LuoPing Zinc Electric (涨幅 10.03%) [16] - YunNan GeYuan (涨幅 9.99%) [16] - DongFang ZuoYe (涨幅 10.01%) [16] Strategic Insights - The strategic significance of rare earth metals is increasing amid "de-globalization," with the U.S. Department of Defense acquiring a stake in MP Materials and China implementing export controls to combat illegal exports [17]

Industry Overview - The rare earth sector experienced a significant rally on the 20th, with companies such as Beikong Technology and Dongfang Zirconium hitting the daily limit, while Jintian Co. rose nearly 9% and Jinli Permanent Magnet and Northern Rare Earth increased by over 3% [1] - Last week, rare earth prices surged rapidly, primarily driven by strong demand from multiple major magnetic material manufacturers simultaneously conducting bidding activities for praseodymium and neodymium metals [1] - The domestic orders have surged due to a significant price gap between domestic and international markets, leading to a spike in restocking orders [1] - Heightened trade conflicts have exacerbated supply chain concerns, prompting European and American manufacturers to increase their safety stock levels, which is expected to drive rare earth prices higher than anticipated [1] Company Insights - Huatai Securities emphasizes the strategic importance of rare earths and is optimistic about the upward price trend, predicting that the price center for rare earths will continue to rise from 2025 to 2026 [1] - The strategic significance of rare earths has become increasingly prominent in the context of "de-globalization" [1] - The active performance of the praseodymium and neodymium metal auctions that started in July reflects strong market bullish sentiment [1] - With the anticipated upward movement in rare earth price centers, it is expected that the performance of related companies will continue to improve [1]

Market Overview - The market experienced a slight decline yesterday, with the three major indices showing minor drops. The Shanghai Composite Index fell by 0.02%, the Shenzhen Component Index by 0.12%, and the ChiNext Index by 0.17% [1] - The total trading volume in the Shanghai and Shenzhen markets was 2.59 trillion yuan, a decrease of 175.8 billion yuan compared to the previous trading day, marking the fifth consecutive day with trading volume exceeding 2 trillion yuan [1] - Sectors such as liquor, Huawei HiSilicon, CPO, and humanoid robots saw significant gains, while insurance, military, securities, and gaming sectors experienced notable declines [1] Investment Insights Rare Earths - Huatai Securities emphasizes the strategic importance of rare earths and anticipates a price increase, projecting that the price center for rare earths will continue to rise from 2025 to 2026. The strategic significance of rare earths has become more pronounced in the context of "de-globalization" [2] - The active bidding for praseodymium and neodymium metals that started in July reflects strong market bullish sentiment, suggesting that related companies' performance is expected to improve continuously [2] Solar Thermal Power - CITIC Construction Investment highlights the potential for solar thermal power to undergo a qualitative change in the energy storage era, noting its importance in building a new power system. The installed capacity of solar thermal power in China is projected to reach 838.2 MW by the end of 2024, with an additional 300 MW expected to be added from 2021 to 2024 [3] - The report indicates that the industry still has significant growth potential, despite historical fluctuations in installed capacity due to economic viability and policy uncertainties. Current pricing policies in Qinghai province suggest that solar thermal power is beginning to demonstrate economic feasibility [3] Building Materials - Galaxy Securities recommends focusing on opportunities in the building materials sector, anticipating a recovery in demand due to expected policy support and improved channel layouts. Companies with product quality and brand advantages are highlighted as potential leaders in the consumer building materials industry [4] - In the cement sector, stricter supply controls are expected to ease supply-demand conflicts, leading to a potential increase in cement prices and profitability for regional leaders [4] - For fiberglass, the report suggests that demand recovery driven by emerging markets and price increases for mid-to-high-end products could lead to a full-year performance recovery for leading companies [4]