Core Viewpoint - Colombia is experiencing a significant increase in forest destruction, particularly in the Amazon region, with a projected 1,136 square kilometers of forest loss in 2024, marking a 43% increase from the previous year [1] Group 1: Forest Destruction Data - In 2023, Colombia's forest destruction decreased by 36% to approximately 793 square kilometers, the lowest level in 23 years [1] - The Amazon rainforest area affected by destruction in 2023 was about 750 square kilometers, accounting for over 65% of the total forest loss in the country [1] Group 2: Causes of Forest Destruction - The increase in forest destruction in 2024 is attributed to land grabbing, expansion of livestock farming, illegal road construction, and increased cultivation of illegal crops [1] - Climate change, particularly droughts leading to forest fires, is also identified as a major factor contributing to the rise in forest destruction [1] Group 3: Biodiversity Context - Colombia is recognized as one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, housing thousands of plant and animal species [1] - The country has approximately 591,000 square kilometers of forest, which constitutes over half of its total land area [1]

7月30日，记者从广西壮族自治区林业局了解到，广西国有七坡林场七坡分场林区巡护人员近日在对林区进行生物多样性监测时，发现了一种瓦状生长的 黄白色真菌，这是首次在该林区发现此真菌。随后，工作人员采集样品进行显微镜观察及送样至吉林农业大学进行生物分子测序，经过ITS生物分子测序 和担孢子等特征的观察，确认该真菌为花状肉齿耳。 花状肉齿耳是原毛平革菌科真菌，子实体呈花朵状，覆瓦状叠生，囊状体棒状或纺锤形，担孢子广椭圆形。该物种在我国被收录于 《中国生物多样性红 色名录—大型真菌卷》 ，保护等级为DD级。最初在海南省儋州市热带植物园发现其分布记录，并在2011年的一篇学术论文中被描述为中国的新增记录 种。 在《国家重点保护野生植物名录》中，DD被定义为数据缺乏等级，指因缺乏科学研究和数据积累，无法准确评估物种受威胁程度。根据现有资料查证， 该真菌在广西尚未有记录，这是广西首次发现该品种。此次在广西发现花状肉齿耳，不仅丰富了当地的真菌多样性，也为进一步研究该物种的生态习性和 分布范围提供了新的线索。 （央视新闻） ...

Core Viewpoint - China's national parks hold the most important position in the natural protected area system compared to other countries, providing equitable opportunities for citizens to experience the country's most beautiful and pristine nature [1][5]. Group 1: Natural and Cultural Background - China possesses the best natural and cultural background conditions for national park construction, characterized by significant topographical diversity and a wide range of climate zones [2]. - The country is home to the highest peak, Mount Everest, and has a vertical elevation difference exceeding 9,000 meters, with over 5,000 kilometers of spatial distance from north to south and east to west [2]. - China is recognized as one of the first 17 "biodiversity" countries globally, ranking first in the Northern Hemisphere [2]. Group 2: National Park System - China is constructing the world's largest national park system, covering approximately 1.1 million square kilometers, with the land portion accounting for about 10% of the country's land area, which is three times the world average and 4.3 times that of the United States [2]. - The establishment of the first five national parks in China took less than eight years, a task that typically takes decades in other countries, indicating the fastest construction speed globally [2]. Group 3: Importance and Protection - Chinese national parks occupy a dominant position in the natural protected area system, accounting for 56% of the total area, demonstrating primary, leading, advanced, and exemplary roles [5]. - The primary goal of national park construction in China is to protect and preserve the country's most precious natural assets, with ecological protection prioritized above all else, contrasting with the dual goals of protection and enjoyment seen in many other countries [5][6]. Group 4: Challenges and Relevance - The construction of national parks in China faces significant challenges, particularly in underdeveloped areas where there are structural conflicts between ecological protection and local economic development [6]. - National parks are crucial for human survival, providing clean air, water, and a stable climate, thus serving as essential ecological products that benefit the entire population [6].

清晨，南京溧水蓝莓山农场的鸟鸣声格外热闹，创始人周永平捻起一撮深褐色的泥土，笃定地 说："看，这土是'活'的。"正是这片"活"起来的土地，以及其上蓬勃生长的虫鸟草木，让这座生态农场在 近日获得了全国首批"生物多样性典范农场"称号——全国仅3家获此殊荣，为江苏乃至全国丘陵地区的 生态农业发展提供了可贵的"地方样本"。 该评估由非营利机构Abovefarm首次发布，采用科学系统、指数评估的方法，以及类似于"米其 林"的评级模式，对中国生态农场的生物多样性进行评测，这在全球范围内尚属前沿探索。 "这个称号，某种意义上，是虫子、鸟儿、看不见的微生物，还有满山的草木，替我们'投'出来 的。"面对荣誉，周永平笑得朴实。他坦言，蓝莓山"突围"的关键，在于扎实的生态实践，核心"密码"之 一便是微生物发酵技术。"我们用菜籽饼、秸秆堆肥，经特定菌群发酵后还田，土地就有了'自愈 力'。"几年下来，土壤有机质含量显著提升，蚯蚓数量翻了几番。 更引人注目的是农场构建的"立体江湖"：蓝莓树下，白三叶草、苜蓿等草本植物郁郁葱葱，既固氮 保湿，又成为昆虫乐园。一群鸡、鹅在其间担任着天然的"除草工"和"施肥员"。"虫子吃草，鸡和鹅吃 虫，粪便 ...

Core Insights - The discovery of four new bat species in the Gaoligong region enhances China's biodiversity and provides significant data for global bat research [1] - The total number of known bat species in China has been updated to 167, with the Gaoligong region now accounting for 51 species [1] Group 1: Discovery and Research - The research team conducted multiple biodiversity surveys in the Gaoligong area of Yunnan Province, identifying four previously unrecorded bat species: Round-eared Bat, Golden-haired Bat, Hairy-footed Bat, and Short-footed Bat [1] - The findings indicate that the bat diversity in the Gaoligong region may have been underestimated, highlighting its importance in biodiversity conservation [1] Group 2: Ecological Importance - Bats play a crucial role in ecosystems by controlling insect populations and aiding in pollination and seed dispersal [1] - The discovery of new species contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of bat evolution, ecological habits, and their role in ecosystems [1] Group 3: Conservation Recommendations - The Gaoligong region is located at the intersection of three global biodiversity hotspots, making it rich in biodiversity but also highly threatened [2] - The research team recommends enhancing biodiversity protection efforts in the region, emphasizing the need to consider seasonal habitat requirements of species when formulating conservation measures [2]

结果发现，随着宿主种群锐减及人类对鸮鹦鹉的救助干预，寄生虫多样性大幅缩水，有些寄生虫甚 至"比宿主更濒危"。记录显示，20世纪90年代以前鸮鹦鹉体内有16种寄生虫，但在现有的鸮鹦鹉中，仅 能检测出3种，那些"缺席"的寄生虫可能已灭绝。 新华社惠灵顿7月29日电（记者龙雷 李惠子）一个国际科研团队近日在美国《当代生物学》上报告 说，随着濒危的鸮鹦鹉数量大幅下降，其体内的特有寄生虫也在悄然消失。寄生虫的灭绝可能比人们之 前想象的要普遍得多，这可能影响生物多样性。 研究人员表示，尽管寄生虫在人们印象中形象不佳，但在生态系统中却起着重要作用，包括维护生物多 样性、调节物种竞争以及维系食物链稳定。寄生虫与宿主往往经过长时间共同进化。清除"天然"寄生虫 后，宿主反而可能更易暴露于新出现的、更危险的病原体，生态也可能失衡。 新西兰奥克兰大学和澳大利亚阿德莱德大学等机构的研究人员梳理分析了源自古代的鸮鹦鹉"粪便化 石"和近代收集的粪便样本，通过技术手段绘制出其肠道寄生虫变化的时间线。 研究人员还指出，世界范围内由于不少动物面临种群数量下降的威胁，加上人类干预，大量特有种类的 寄生虫或许正以悄无声息的方式消失，其对宿主健康以及 ...

Core Viewpoint - Zhou Xiuyuan, a natural science popularization expert in Kunming, Yunnan, has significantly contributed to ecological awareness and education through various initiatives, benefiting over 1 million people directly [1][5]. Group 1: Contributions to Ecological Awareness - Zhou has hosted the "Biodiversity 100 Lessons" project, which has reached over 1 million participants [1][5]. - He has conducted numerous public lectures on bird knowledge and conservation, actively engaging with schools and communities since 2018 [4][5]. - Zhou's efforts have led to the cultivation of hundreds of young ecological volunteers, with many winning awards in national ecological protection competitions [5]. Group 2: Professional Background and Achievements - Influenced by his father, Zhou developed a passion for natural sciences and birds from a young age, participating in scientific research expeditions across key ecological regions [4]. - He has received multiple honors, including "Outstanding Environmental Volunteer of Kunming" and "Excellent Ecological Science Popularizer of Kunming" [5]. - Zhou has been invited to share his experiences at significant ecological protection forums, highlighting his recognition in the field [5][6]. Group 3: Innovative Approaches to Science Communication - Zhou utilizes various formats such as short videos, live broadcasts, and interactive classrooms to make biodiversity knowledge accessible and engaging [4][5]. - He emphasizes the importance of flexible and effective communication of natural science knowledge to foster deeper public understanding [6].

Group 1 - The signing of the Paris Agreement in 2015 marked a historic turning point, establishing a global "climate alarm" with the temperature control goal of "below 2°C, striving for 1.5°C," which initiated the mainstreaming of sustainable investment [1][2] - The establishment of the Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI) in 2006 was a key milestone, leading to a significant shift in sustainable investment, further propelled by the Paris Agreement and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015 [2][3] - The focus on sustainable investment has led to increased attention to ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) issues in business and investment practices, transitioning from a niche topic to a mainstream concern [3] Group 2 - The FAIRR initiative, which includes 450 global investment institutions managing assets totaling $80 trillion, emphasizes the importance of sustainable practices in agriculture and food systems, linking climate change, biodiversity, and food security [4][5] - Key challenges in sustainable agriculture include land use, water resource management, and the impact of livestock farming on biodiversity, necessitating a comprehensive approach to food systems [5][6] - The development of the Coller FAIRR Protein Producers Index, which includes 60 major protein production companies globally, highlights the growing interest in index investing as a tool for achieving sustainable investment goals [6] Group 3 - The future of investment requires a focus on adapting to a world where global warming may exceed 1.5°C, necessitating strategies for resilience and mitigation [7][8] - The financial sector, along with governments and individuals, must collaborate to find solutions to climate challenges, emphasizing the urgency of action [8][9] - Asset owners play a crucial role in the investment ecosystem, influencing investment managers to consider long-term risks, including climate change, in their decision-making processes [9][10] Group 4 - The upcoming UN Climate Change Conference and PRI Annual Meeting in Brazil will emphasize the urgency of addressing climate change, with a call for accelerated action and innovation in sustainable practices [10][11] - Developed countries are urged to assist developing nations in tackling climate challenges, as current funding is insufficient to address the impacts of climate change effectively [11]

Group 1: Economic Impact of US-Japan Trade War - The US has imposed a 25% tariff on Japanese auto parts, resulting in over $10 billion in losses for Japan and a projected GDP decline of 0.59% [1][3] - Hitachi Construction Machinery reported a profit drop of 30 billion yen, and the Bank of Japan has lowered its economic growth forecast to 0.5% for the year [1] - The tariff has triggered a negative cycle of yen depreciation, rising import costs, and soaring prices, with beef bowl prices exceeding 500 yen and scallop exports plummeting by 60% due to increased tariffs [1] Group 2: Japan's Export Dependency - Japan's automotive exports to the US account for nearly 30% of its total exports, making it vulnerable to the impact of tariffs on major manufacturers like Toyota and Honda [3] - Japan's efforts to shift seafood imports from China to the US have been undermined by the new tariffs, highlighting the fragility of its trade strategy [3] Group 3: Japan-China Relations and Cooperation - A recent 45-minute meeting between Japanese and Chinese foreign ministers resulted in Japan's commitment to "seriously address history" and adhere to the "Murayama Statement," marking a significant diplomatic gesture [4][6] - The meeting has led to potential cooperation in green energy and healthcare, with projects like the Kobe hydrogen port and smart care beds indicating a thaw in relations [10][12] - The two countries have reached twenty strategic agreements, including dialogues on carbon reduction policies and joint research in smart mobility, which could reshape the East Asian industrial landscape [12] Group 4: Historical Context and Future Implications - Japan's historical issues, including the Yasukuni Shrine visits and textbook controversies, continue to influence public sentiment and political discourse, complicating its diplomatic efforts [7][9] - The potential for Japan to miss strategic opportunities due to its historical stance is significant, as past incidents have led to setbacks in Japan-China relations [13][15] - The future of Japan-China relations hinges on Japan's ability to balance economic interests with historical responsibilities, as emphasized by the need for long-term efforts to heal historical wounds [16][17]

Group 1 - The event "Law Protects Flight: Together Guarding Feather Safety" was held in Xi'an, focusing on ecological civilization education and bird protection among youth [1] - Youth volunteers called for participation in ecological awareness, bird protection actions, and resistance against harm to birds [1] - Five volunteer service teams were established for bird protection, including education, legal aid, monitoring, rescue assistance, and community actions [1] Group 2 - Approximately 200 eco-friendly families and nearly 1,000 participants attended the event, with around 20,000 viewers following the live stream [2] - The provincial youth organization plans to develop various bird protection activities tailored to youth understanding, encouraging them to become advocates and supervisors for bird protection [2]