新华社约翰内斯堡11月21日电 题：G20"非洲时刻"彰显全球南方力量 新华社记者王雷 王晓梅 二十国集团（G20）领导人第二十次峰会将于11月22日至23日在南非约翰内斯堡举行，峰会主题 为"团结、平等、可持续"。 这是G20峰会首次在非洲大陆举办，具有重要历史意义。 非洲多国人士认为，G20约堡峰会将把非洲国家的发展诉求、独特视角和解决方案直接置于全球治 理改革进程的聚光灯下，留下鲜明的"非洲印记"，进一步提升全球南方国家的代表性和话语权，为坚持 多边主义、构建开放型世界经济、促进发展合作凝聚共识。 "非洲时刻"凸显世界格局之变 "终于到了非洲时刻。"继2023年9月非洲联盟（非盟）受邀加入G20后，G20峰会在今年首次来到非 洲大陆，非洲民众借2010年南非世界杯主题曲《非洲时刻》的歌词来庆祝这一好消息。 非洲学者认为，G20迎来"非洲时刻"，凸显国际政治经济格局深刻变化，包括非洲国家在内的全球 南方国家群体性崛起，正从全球治理的被动参与者逐步变为重要推动者，向世界发出南方声音、彰显南 方力量。 南非国际关系与合作部副部长阿尔文·博特斯说，南非已经举办近130场G20相关及配套会议和活 动，并加强与非盟 ...

Group 1 - The article highlights the absence of the United States in three significant global governance discussions, symbolized by three "empty chairs" in Brazil, Switzerland, and South Africa, representing a retreat from climate, human rights, and economic governance [1][2][3] - In Brazil, the U.S. delegation was notably absent from the UN Climate Change Conference, which is significant given the U.S. historical role as the largest emitter of greenhouse gases, indicating a disregard for shared responsibilities in addressing climate change [1] - The absence in Geneva during the human rights review process is described as unprecedented, with the U.S. failing to submit reports or attend, undermining its previous role as a self-proclaimed human rights judge [2] Group 2 - At the G20 summit in South Africa, the U.S. not only missed the event but also exerted pressure on the host country, reflecting a prioritization of ideological biases over global economic cooperation [2] - The article suggests that the U.S. is retreating from multilateralism, viewing international rules as constraints rather than foundations for peace and development, and is attempting to counter a multipolar world through isolationist policies [3] - The empty chairs symbolize a significant shift in global governance dynamics, allowing for more diverse voices to emerge in international discussions, as emphasized by South African officials [3]

经济合作与发展组织(OECD)驻华代表海博认为，地缘政治紧张、贸易保护主义、气候变化等都在考验 着现有的多边合作机制，这就需要更多处于不同发展阶段的国家开展合作，通过亚太经合组织(APEC) 等重要平台，达成共识、分享经验。 中新社北京11月20日电 (记者张焕迪)第十届中国全球智库创新年会20日在北京举行，来自全球50多个国 家的200多位嘉宾齐聚一堂，探讨完善全球治理等重要议题，呼吁各方协作努力，为完善全球治理贡献 力量。 全球化智库(CCG)创始人兼理事长王辉耀在开幕式致辞中指出，当今世界正进入一个充满深刻不确定性 的新时代。全球治理体系正在经历重大调整，支撑国际秩序的长期共识正在被重新界定。 他指出，全球治理从来不是零和博弈，而是关于共担责任、共同发展的事业。世界需要大国之间的合 作，同样也需要更多国家在全球事务中发出自己的声音。 中国国际贸易学会会长金旭表示，面对挑战，回到以联合国为核心的国际秩序以及高举多边主义的旗帜 是唯一正确的选择。我们必须要超越零和博弈的心态，坚持通过共商来捍卫全球多边主义。 金旭进一步指出，中国提出全球治理倡议，主要目的是实现共同发展，为全球秩序贡献中国智慧和中国 解决方案 ...

Group 1 - The article highlights the absence of the United States in three significant global governance discussions, symbolized by three "empty chairs" in Brazil, Switzerland, and South Africa, representing a retreat from climate, human rights, and economic governance [1][2][3] - In Brazil, the U.S. delegation was notably absent from the UN Climate Change Conference, which is seen as a disregard for the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities" in addressing climate change [1] - The U.S. also missed a crucial human rights review in Geneva, marking a historic absence that has led to a stalemate in the review process, undermining its previous role as a self-proclaimed human rights judge [2] Group 2 - At the G20 summit in South Africa, the U.S. absence was particularly striking, as it missed an opportunity to engage in discussions on debt relief and multilateral reforms, reflecting a prioritization of its own interests over global cooperation [2][3] - The article suggests that the U.S. is attempting to counter a multipolar world through isolationist policies, viewing international rules as constraints rather than foundations for peace and development [3] - The empty chairs symbolize a significant shift in global governance dynamics, allowing for more diverse voices to emerge in international discussions, as emphasized by South African officials [3]

孙卫东祝贺中俄印三国学者对话会成功举行，强调中俄印合作重要意义，表示中共二十届四中全会通过 了关于制定"十五五"规划的建议，为未来五年乃至更长一段时间的中国发展擘画了蓝图。中俄印都是具 有代表性的新兴经济体和具有影响力大国，应加强发展战略对接，倡导合作共赢，践行多边主义，为国 际地区和平稳定和发展繁荣作出应有贡献。希望三方按照三国领导人战略引领，发扬"开放、团结、信 任、合作"的中俄印精神，发挥好中俄印三方合作机制的战略沟通作用，拓展地方、青年、学者等各领 域交往，推动中俄印合作机制稳步发展。希望三国学者为此提供智力支持。 人民财讯11月20日电，据外交部消息，11月20日，外交部副部长孙卫东会见出席第二十次中俄印三国学 者对话会代表团团长。 ...

新华社维也纳11月20日电 中国常驻维也纳代表团19日在维也纳联合国总部举办全球发展倡议和全 球治理倡议主题研讨会，各国际组织和成员国代表围绕"在维也纳多边平台促进全球发展与治理"深入交 换意见。 联合国维也纳办事处、联合国工业发展组织、国际原子能机构、联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室、联 合国外空司、《全面禁止核试验条约》组织筹委会等主要国际机构负责人，各国常驻代表，媒体记者等 150余人参加。中国常驻联合国维也纳办事处和其他国际组织代表李松大使主持会议并作主旨发言。 李松指出，全球发展倡议和全球治理倡议与联合国宪章宗旨和原则高度契合，受到国际社会普遍欢 迎和积极响应。中方与各国际组织和成员国一道，发挥维也纳多边平台独特优势，积极参与和促进国际 发展合作，造福全球南方。全球治理倡议是中国向国际社会提供的又一重要公共产品，为进一步加强全 球南方国家代表性和话语权、践行真正的多边主义带来更多正能量。 李松表示，中共二十届四中全会审议通过了"十五五"规划建议，为中国今后一个时期的经济社会发 展绘就宏伟蓝图。一个不断走向现代化的中国，必将为世界经济和共同发展注入更多稳定性和确定性， 有力推动联合国各项事业。中方愿与各方携 ...

Core Points - The COP30 conference is taking place in Belem, Brazil, marking the 10th anniversary of the Paris Agreement, amidst a dual crisis of climate change and geopolitical tensions [1] - The absence of the U.S. government at the conference is seen as a significant setback, impacting the willingness of other countries to contribute to climate financing and emissions reduction [1] - Despite the challenges, the majority of the 198 parties to the Convention remain committed to multilateralism as the primary approach to addressing climate change [2] Group 1 - The conference is significant as it coincides with the 10th anniversary of the Paris Agreement and is held in Brazil, the original signing location of the Convention [1] - The year 2024 is projected to be the hottest on record, surpassing the 1.5°C target set by the Paris Agreement, with only about 125 parties having submitted their updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) [1] - The U.S. absence is viewed as a "systematic obstruction" to multilateral climate mechanisms, affecting global emissions reduction efforts [1] Group 2 - The participation rate at COP30 indicates a strong belief in multilateralism, with only four countries absent, showing that approximately 98% of sovereign entities still view the UN as an essential platform for cooperation [2] - Despite the federal absence, U.S. states like California and New Mexico are participating through the "U.S. Climate Alliance," reaffirming their commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 50% from 2005 levels by 2030 [2] - Research suggests that local governments and private organizations in the U.S. may come close to achieving the Biden administration's emissions reduction targets by 2030, despite federal non-participation [2] Group 3 - Technological advancements and market trends indicate that renewable energy will surpass coal as the primary source of global electricity generation by 2025, driven by collaborative efforts from various parties, particularly China and the EU [3] - The global carbon emissions growth rate has significantly slowed from an average of 1.7% per year (2005-2014) to 0.3% per year (2015-2024), demonstrating the effectiveness of climate change mitigation efforts [3] - The ongoing submission of updated NDCs by various parties reflects a commitment to climate action, with the UN emphasizing that the direction of emissions reduction is more important than the speed [3]

自2011年首列开行以来，中欧班列从单一线路到织网结链，从基础联通到高效畅通，用十余年光阴发展 为横跨东西的物流通道与经济走廊。 《中欧班列发展报告（2025）》显示，截至今年10月，中欧班列累计开行11.86万列，通达欧洲26个国 家232个城市，物流服务网络覆盖亚欧全境。中欧班列运送的货物已扩展到53个门类、5万多种商品。同 时，中欧班列也将欧洲的优质产品、技术和服务更便捷地引入中国，满足国内消费升级需求。这既有助 于中国产业链升级，也丰富了沿线国家市场供给，实现了"贸易畅通"向"产业共赢"的跨越。 这列奔驰的"钢铁驼队"不仅运送着商品，更传递着共商共建共享的开放理念。它打破了地理隔阂，将中 国广阔的内陆市场与欧洲经济圈紧密连接，使不沿边、不靠海的中西部地区一跃成为开放前沿。重庆、 西安等内陆地区曾因物流周期过长让投资者望而却步，中欧班列开通后，全球资本、企业纷至沓来。同 时，中欧班列贯穿东西、联通内外，为亚欧内陆地区开辟新通道，推动沿线国家和地区更好融入开放型 世界经济。哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、蒙古国等内陆国家借助中欧班列开辟出海口，实现了从"陆锁 国"向"陆联国"转变。这种双向奔赴的开放姿态，不仅是 ...

Core Points - The COP30 conference in Brazil highlights China's commitment to green and low-carbon development, showcasing various sustainable products and technologies [1][2] - China has submitted its 2035 Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) targets, which include ambitious goals for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and expanding renewable energy capacity [1][2] - International representatives emphasize the importance of China's role in global climate governance and the need for collaboration with China to achieve climate goals [2][6] Group 1: China's Contributions to Climate Action - China has introduced a historic NDC that includes absolute reduction targets for greenhouse gas emissions across all economic sectors [1][2] - The country aims to increase its wind and solar power capacity to over six times the 2020 levels by 2035, targeting 3.6 billion kilowatts [1] - China's carbon market is developing steadily, with both mandatory and voluntary markets, providing valuable lessons for other nations [3] Group 2: International Cooperation and Support - China is actively involved in South-South cooperation, launching flagship projects like the "Clean Stove" initiative to assist developing countries in reducing carbon emissions [4][5] - The country provides technological support and renewable energy solutions to nations like Brazil and Antigua and Barbuda, enhancing local economies and promoting sustainable practices [5][6] - Various international leaders stress the necessity of multilateralism and collaboration with China to effectively address climate change challenges [6][7] Group 3: Technological Innovation and Economic Impact - China's technological innovations have significantly lowered the costs of clean energy technologies, facilitating the energy transition [2] - The promotion of distributed solar products in developing countries is creating economic opportunities and improving living standards [5] - China's commitment to green infrastructure and climate resilience is recognized as a vital contribution to global efforts against climate change [7]

Core Viewpoint - The global governance initiative proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping aims to reform and improve the global governance system, addressing the pressing global challenges of peace, development, security, and governance deficits [2][3][4]. Group 1: Global Governance Initiative - The initiative emphasizes five core principles: equality of sovereignty, adherence to international law, practice of multilateralism, a people-centered approach, and action-oriented solutions [2][3]. - It provides a systematic approach to address global challenges, enhancing the authority, representation, and effectiveness of the global governance system [3][4]. Group 2: Response to Global Challenges - The initiative directly confronts issues such as hegemonism, unilateralism, and protectionism, which threaten multilateralism and the United Nations [3][4]. - It recognizes the rising influence of developing countries and emerging markets, advocating for their greater representation in international affairs [4][5]. Group 3: Historical Context and Cultural Roots - The initiative reflects the historical evolution of international power dynamics and the urgent need to correct historical injustices in global governance [4][5]. - It draws on the rich traditions of Chinese culture, emphasizing values such as equality, rule of law, and collective well-being [11]. Group 4: International Support and Impact - Since its introduction, the initiative has garnered support from over 140 countries and international organizations, highlighting China's role as a stabilizing force in global governance [6][7]. - It aims to provide an alternative framework for international governance that contrasts with Western-dominated models, promoting fairness and justice [6][7]. Group 5: Practical Implementation - The initiative encourages practical actions in various fields, including climate change, public health, and digital governance, to address urgent global issues [16][17]. - It emphasizes the importance of cooperation and consensus-building among nations to effectively tackle global challenges [16][17].