中小银行的改革化险绝不能仅仅停留在兼并重组或资本补充的被动应对层面，还需要从根源上转变发展 模式，重塑核心竞争力。 此外，房地产和地方融资平台曾是经济增长的主要引擎，也一度是银行利润的优质来源。但随着宏观政 策调整与市场周期性下行，这两个领域已成为风险的"重灾区"。对于一些地方性的中小银行而言，它们 不仅是当地城投公司和房地产企业的主要信贷提供者，甚至其股东背景也与这些实体关联密切。2023年 贵州银行的房地产不良率超过了40%，这已不是个案，而是行业性风险集中释放的极端体现。这类贷款 一旦形成不良，其巨大的规模和较低的回收率将对中小银行的资产负债表造成毁灭性打击。 近日，国务院《关于金融工作情况的报告》提出，继续推进中小金融机构改革化险，完善中小金融机构 功能定位和治理机制。"十五五"规划建议也提出，统筹推进房地产、地方政府债务、中小金融机构等风 险有序化解，严防系统性风险。这一部署的背后是，近年来我国中小金融机构风险持续暴露，机构数量 不断减少。截至2024年末，我国银行业金融机构法人数量为4295家，较2023年末净减少195家，其中 90%以上是中小金融机构（大都是通过合并退出市场）。近日，锦州银行被 ...

近期，多家银行对长期存款产品的调整引发市场广泛关注。 对储户而言，五年期定存的退潮不应简单理解为"储蓄缩水"，而应视作在利率下行周期中优化财富配置 的一个信号。在货币环境整体趋向宽松的背景下，"一存多年"的传统储蓄思维已难以适应市场变化。 银行需要积极响应号召，让利实体经济，贷款端利率持续下行，但又面临存款"定期化"趋势加剧，负债 成本刚性难降。这"一降一稳"的剪刀差，不断挤压银行的盈利空间，影响银行的稳健经营能力。 在此背景下，五年期定存作为负债端的"高成本"选项，自然成为优化调整的首要目标。停发或降低其利 率，能直接为银行"减负"，是应对净息差收窄最立竿见影的"自救"措施。 从监管视角看，人民银行通过利率自律机制引导商业银行下调存款利率，其初衷并非让某类存款产品消 失，而是旨在打通利率传导的堵点。 过去，贷款与存款利率下降不同步所形成的"内卷式竞争"，削弱了货币政策的传导效率。通过推动高成 本长期存款有序退场，有助于银行构建更加合理、与自身经营更匹配的负债体系，使存款利率更灵敏地 响应LPR变动，从而畅通"政策利率—市场利率—实体融资成本"的传导链条。 这不仅有助于提升政策传导效率，也为未来进一步降准降息 ...

连日来，"五年定存退场怎么理财"的词条频频登上热搜，内蒙古土右旗蒙银村镇银行一则公告引发市场 关注。据了解，该行宣布取消五年期整存整取定期存款产品，成为业内首家下架该产品的商业银行。银 行取消五年期定期存款，只是个例还是行业趋势?为此记者进行了更大范围的"摸底"了解，发现不少民 营银行和互联网银行都存在这一情况。伴随利率普降、长期存款利率"倒挂"等现象持续显现，一度被视 为稳健理财首选的长期定存，正逐步退出主流舞台。 据了解，土右旗蒙银村镇银行是业内首家公告取消五年期定期存款的商业银行。值得注意的是，五年期 定存产品"消失"的现象并非个例。同样位于内蒙古的昆都仑蒙银村镇银行自11月4日起调整定期存款利 率，调整后5年期定存利率不再显示。此外，记者注意到，包括中信百信银行、中关村银行、苏商银行 在内的多家民营银行和互联网银行在售的存款产品中，也已难觅五年期定存的踪影。其中，中关村银行 甚至一同下架了三年期定存，仅限存量自动续存。 为何下架? 应对净息差收窄，压降计息负债成本 有业内人士分析，银行停售五年期定存主要是为应对净息差收窄。在当前货币政策适当宽松背景下，贷 款利率下降快于存款利率，导致中长期存款成本相对 ...

当前，银行业净息差压力仍未缓解。薛洪言表示，中小银行集中调整存款业务，将对自身经营与行业竞争格局产生多维度 影响。短期内虽能降低负债成本、缓解息差压力，但长期可能面临储户流失风险，尤其那些曾高度依赖高息揽储的机构，需通 过提升服务效率、开发特色产品来重塑竞争力。在行业层面，中小银行或将加速分化，部分机构凭借差异化利率策略维持优 势，客户基础薄弱的则可能面临边缘化风险。展望未来，银行存款产品结构预计呈现短期化、差异化特征，中长期产品序列将 精简，利率整体趋降的同时，机构间分化可能加剧。 11月初，内蒙古土右旗蒙银村镇银行率先发布公告，自11月5日起取消5年期整存整取定期存款，并下调其余期限定存利 率。其中，1年期、2年期利率均下调5个基点，分别降至1.45%和1.55%；3年期降幅最大，下调10个基点至1.85%，原利率1.9% 的5年期定存利率显示为空缺。该行明确表示，此举是"综合考虑同业机构的利率水平"后作出的决策。 民营银行也纷纷加入调整阵营。网商银行、中信百信银行、华瑞银行、新安银行等多家机构App显示，存款产品中已无5年 期定期存款的相关选项。部分银行的调整力度更大，将3年期定期存款一并下架。例如，北 ...

Core Viewpoint - The long-term fixed deposit products are being phased out by several banks, with the Tongyu County Mengyin Village Bank being the first to officially announce the cancellation of the 5-year fixed deposit product, indicating a trend in the banking industry towards reducing long-term deposit offerings due to narrowing net interest margins [1][2][7]. Group 1: Bank Actions - The Tongyu County Mengyin Village Bank announced a reduction in deposit rates and the cancellation of the 5-year fixed deposit product effective November 5, 2025, marking it as the first commercial bank to do so [2]. - Other banks, such as the Kundu Lun Mengyin Village Bank and Hubei Jingmen Rural Commercial Bank, have also reduced their deposit rates and removed the 5-year fixed deposit from their offerings, although they did not issue formal announcements [2][6]. - A total of seven private banks have removed the 5-year fixed deposit from their deposit pages, including Keshang Bank and Wanzhang Bank, with some also removing 3-year fixed deposits [2][6]. Group 2: Market Trends - The disappearance of the 5-year fixed deposit is not limited to small banks; major national banks have also stopped offering 5-year large denomination certificates of deposit, with some city commercial banks restricting them to special customer categories [6][8]. - The trend of phasing out long-term deposits is attributed to the ongoing pressure of narrowing net interest margins, prompting banks to optimize their liability structures and manage costs more effectively [7][8]. - Analysts suggest that the reluctance of customers to invest in 5-year deposits, which often offer lower interest rates compared to 3-year deposits, is also influencing banks' decisions to withdraw these products [8].

Core Viewpoint - CGS International maintains a "Hold" rating on UOB but lowers the target price from SGD 38.30 to SGD 36.50 due to concerns over the bank's earnings recovery following a significant one-time provision in Q3 2025 to address risks in the US and Greater China commercial real estate sectors [1][2]. Group 1: Financial Performance - UOB recorded a special provision of SGD 479 million in Q3 2025, with credit costs reaching 55 basis points, significantly higher than the bank's previous guidance of 25-30 basis points for the fiscal year [1]. - The increase in provisions is attributed to declining transaction valuations in the US and Greater China commercial real estate markets, necessitating write-downs on loan book asset values [1]. - UOB decided to recognize an additional general provision of SGD 615 million, bringing the total general provision for Q3 to SGD 687 million [1]. Group 2: Earnings Forecast - CGS International has significantly reduced UOB's earnings per share (EPS) forecasts, cutting the 2025 fiscal year EPS estimate by 18.8%, and lowering the 2026 and 2027 fiscal year EPS estimates by 13.1% and 10.4%, respectively [2]. - Despite UOB management's positive signals regarding credit costs normalizing in Q4 and FY 2026, market concerns about high credit costs are expected to persist in the short term [2].

日前，内蒙古土右旗蒙银村镇银行发布公告称，取消5年期整存整取定期存款，是业内鲜少明确取消5年 期定存产品的案例。 同时，《中国经营报》记者注意到，多家银行的产品列表中已经没有5年期存款的选项。业内人士普遍 认为，这一变化是银行业在净息差持续收窄背景下的主动调整，旨在缓解负债端成本压力，应对强烈的 降息预期。随着利率市场化进程深化与监管政策引导，银行正加速优化负债结构，逐步减少长期高成本 存款占比，推动资金投向更灵活、高效的领域。 在这一过程中，储户的资产配置逻辑也需相应转变，从单一依赖长期定存转向多元化、阶梯化的财富管 理策略。 取消5年期定存成长期趋势 上海金融与发展实验室特聘研究员王润石认为，部分银行不再提供5年期存款的原因主要是商业银行负 债成本管理的需要。5年期存款的长期资金成本较高，而当前经济环境下，银行（尤其是中小银行）更 倾向于吸收短期资金以保持灵活性，降低长期利率风险。若未来降息预期较强，提前锁定高成本的5年 期存款对银行不利。 北京财富管理行业协会特约研究员杨海平从利率预期角度进一步分析，基于利率下调的预期，通过对产 品或者利率定价的调整对存款行为进行主动调节引导，以缩短负债的平均到期时间， ...

Core Viewpoint - The long-term deposit products, once considered a "stabilizing force" for investors, are gradually disappearing from the shelves of some banks, indicating a profound restructuring of the banking industry's profit logic in response to deepening interest rate marketization and a low-interest environment [1][4][8]. Group 1: Disappearance of Long-term Deposits - As of November 9, major state-owned banks and some joint-stock banks have removed 5-year large certificates of deposit (CDs) from their offerings, with banks like ICBC, ABC, and BOC no longer listing these products [2][3]. - The interest rates for commonly available 3-year large CDs are now between 1.5% and 1.75%, with some banks facing a "one order hard to find" situation due to limited availability [2][3]. - Regional banks are also tightening their long-term CD offerings, with many now focusing on shorter terms such as 1 month, 3 months, and 1 year [3][5]. Group 2: Strategic Shift in Banking - The current low net interest margin has prompted banks to lower their liability costs to maintain stable profit levels, leading to the reduction or cancellation of high-interest long-term CDs [4][7]. - Smaller banks, particularly village banks, are also halting long-term deposit products, reflecting a broader industry trend towards optimizing balance sheets in response to regulatory pressures and changing market conditions [5][7]. - The traditional banking model of high-interest deposits and low-interest loans is facing unprecedented challenges, with net interest margins dropping to historical lows [8][9]. Group 3: Future Directions - The banking sector is expected to increasingly favor short-term adjustments and flexible combinations of various financial products to enhance customer loyalty and stabilize relationships [9]. - Banks are likely to optimize their liability structures by offering more medium- and short-term deposit products, reducing the proportion of high-cost deposits, and improving overall profitability through wealth management services [9].

Core Viewpoint - Su Nong Bank has appointed Wang Liang as the new president following the resignation of Zhang Yingjie due to work changes, with the new management team facing challenges related to narrowing interest margins and slowing revenue growth [1][4]. Financial Performance - For the first three quarters of 2025, Su Nong Bank reported operating income of 3.221 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 0.08%, and a net profit attributable to shareholders of 1.708 billion yuan, up 5.01% year-on-year [1]. - The bank's net interest income decreased from 2.14 billion yuan in the same period last year to 2.058 billion yuan due to a narrowing net interest margin [1][2]. - The net interest margin for the first three quarters of 2025 was reported at 1.33%, down from 1.55% in 2024 and 1.74% in 2023 [4]. Loan and Credit Growth - As of mid-2025, Su Nong Bank's loan balance reached 136.331 billion yuan, an increase of 6.997 billion yuan or 5.41% from the beginning of the year [3]. - The bank aims to continue supporting small and micro enterprises while optimizing the structure of fund supply and focusing on key areas such as rural revitalization, advanced manufacturing, green development, and technological innovation [3]. Management Changes - Wang Liang, previously the deputy secretary of the party committee at Su Nong Bank, has taken over as acting president pending regulatory approval [1][4]. - The departure of the former president is not expected to disrupt the normal operations of the board or the management of the bank [4].

Core Insights - The overall performance of A-share listed banks in the first three quarters of 2025 reflects a stable total, improved structure, and significant differentiation amid a gradually recovering macroeconomic environment [1][10] - Revenue growth remains robust, with over 60% of listed banks reporting year-on-year increases, driven by optimized asset structures and a focus on non-interest income [2][10] - The net interest margin (NIM), a key profitability driver, is under pressure, posing challenges to the banking industry's profit model [1][7] Revenue Growth Resilience - More than 60% of A-share listed banks achieved positive year-on-year revenue growth in the first three quarters of 2025, indicating effective support for the real economy [2][4] - There is a clear structural differentiation in growth dynamics among banks of different sizes, with larger banks showing stable revenue while some smaller banks exhibit stronger growth [4][10] Bank Performance Data - Key performance metrics for selected banks in the first three quarters of 2025 include: - Industrial and Commercial Bank of China: Revenue of 6400.28 billion, 2.17% growth; Net profit of 2718.82 billion, 0.52% growth - Agricultural Bank of China: Revenue of 5508.76 billion, 1.97% growth; Net profit of 2223.23 billion, 3.28% growth - Minsheng Bank: Revenue of 1085.09 billion, 6.74% decline; Net profit of 285.39 billion, 7.09% decline - Jiangsu Bank: Revenue of 671.83 billion, 7.83% growth; Net profit of 318.95 billion, 8.87% growth [3][4] Performance of State-Owned Banks - State-owned banks maintain a leading position in revenue due to their large asset scale and extensive customer base, with revenue growth rates above 1.5% for major banks [4][6] - Despite a stable net profit growth, the overall growth rates are moderate, reflecting the challenges of achieving high growth from a large base [4][6] Performance of Smaller Banks - Some smaller banks and regional banks demonstrate significant growth potential, with Minsheng Bank and Jiangsu Bank showing revenue growth rates of 6.74% and 7.83%, respectively [4][6] - The ability of these banks to achieve rapid profit growth is attributed to precise customer targeting, effective cost management, and supplementary income from non-interest sources [6][10] Net Interest Margin Challenges - The net interest margin for listed banks is generally declining, primarily due to factors such as the decrease in loan market quotation rates and adjustments in existing mortgage rates [7][8] - State-owned banks and some joint-stock banks experience a decline in NIM by approximately 15 basis points, while Postal Savings Bank sees a more significant drop of 21 basis points [8][9] Resilience in NIM - Some banks, like Minsheng Bank, show resilience with a slight increase in NIM, indicating effective business structure management in response to interest rate fluctuations [9][10] - Regional banks like Ningbo Bank exhibit smaller declines in NIM compared to the industry average, showcasing the effectiveness of their localized service models [9][10] Future Outlook - The banking sector's operating environment is expected to gradually improve with the continued effectiveness of macroeconomic policies, although differentiation among institutions is likely to persist [10] - Large banks need to leverage technology to enhance their comprehensive service advantages, while smaller banks must focus on deepening their niche markets to establish competitive strengths [10]