(责编：杨光宇、胡永秋) 忘记历史就意味着背叛，否认罪责就意味着重犯。今年是世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年，共同维护历史 正义，防止日本军国主义死灰复燃是国际社会正义力量的共同意志。俄罗斯转交历史档案，法国青年向 中方捐赠揭露二战时期日军轰炸上海、屠杀平民等罪行的照片，日本学者捐赠侵华日军华南细菌战"波 第8604部队"名册的彩色扫描件……我们欣慰地看到，越来越多国家和人民加入到守护历史记忆、捍卫 人类正义的行列中来。"承认已经发生的事情并不可耻，真正可耻的是把发生过的事情当作没发生""回 避历史真相将难以走出军国主义阴影"……日本右翼政客应好好听一听这些有识之士的声音，切实深刻 反省侵略历史，彻底清算军国主义遗毒，真正走和平发展道路，以实际行动取信于亚洲邻国和国际社 会。 设立南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭日，重温民族苦难记忆，不是为了延续仇恨，而是为了汲取教训，开创 未来。今日之中国，已经迈上全面建设社会主义现代化国家的新征程，中华民族伟大复兴势不可挡。中 国坚定不移走和平发展道路，永远是世界的和平力量、稳定力量、进步力量。中国将与全世界爱好和平 的国家和人民一道，阻击任何复辟军国主义和法西斯的图谋，共同维护二战 ...

二战结束后，波兰从1948年就开始追索这批文献，但未能成功。20世纪90年代和本世纪初，波兰政府又 多次尝试，均无果而终。直到2022年，波兰首次向德方提交了包含完整掠夺证明材料的归还申请。去 年，波兰政府再次强力推动此事。钦科夫斯卡表示，正是本届政府致力于"修复与邻国关系"的举 措，"最终不仅让双方重新开启对话，更在文化遗产追回问题上取得了主动"。 对于德国政府的最新举动，上海外国语大学中英人文交流中心助理研究员傅博锐12月2日在接受《环球 时报》记者采访时表示，这不仅是简单的物归原主，更是在所谓"国家尊严"与历史正义之间，德国做出 的正确抉择。战后几十年来，德国用严肃的自我审视，在一定程度上完成了国家道德重建。归还掠夺文 物，不过是这种反思逻辑下的自然延伸，这是德国重获国际社会接纳与信任的重要前提。 值得注意的是，在肯定德国愿意归还侵占文物的同时，波兰也继续敦促德国尽快对二战期间德国占领下 的幸存受害者进行赔偿。波兰此前要求德国赔偿数万亿欧元，但遭到拒绝。波兰总理图斯克12月1日对 德国总理默茨表示："如果你们真想做出这个姿态，就请抓紧时间。"但默茨未直接正面回应。他称，德 国深知其对邻国波兰的历史责任， ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a financial confrontation between the U.S. and China, where U.S. politicians demand China repay historical debts from the Qing Dynasty, specifically the Hubei-Guangdong Railway bonds, as leverage against China's $860 billion in U.S. Treasury holdings [1][5]. Group 1: Historical Context - The Hubei-Guangdong Railway bonds were issued in 1911 by the Qing government, borrowing £6 million from four banks (British, American, French, and German) with a 5% annual interest rate and a 40-year term, secured by salt tax and railway revenues [3]. - After the Qing Dynasty's fall and subsequent political turmoil, interest payments ceased in 1938, and by 1951, the bonds became a historical issue, with U.S. speculators attempting to revive claims in the 1970s [3][5]. Group 2: Current Financial Implications - By 2025, U.S. national debt is projected to exceed $36 trillion, with annual interest payments reaching $475 billion, prompting U.S. politicians to seek historical debts as a means to alleviate domestic financial pressures [5][9]. - China has reduced its holdings of U.S. Treasury bonds from $1.3 trillion in 2013 to $759 billion, which has raised concerns in the U.S. financial sector [5]. Group 3: Legal and Economic Responses - China has countered the U.S. claims by citing international law, specifically the Vienna Convention's Article 34, which states that debts from colonial treaties should not be inherited, and referencing UN documents that declare such debts void after 15 years [7]. - China's economic strategies include increasing gold reserves to 2,192 tons and promoting the use of the renminbi in international trade, with plans for 60% of trade with ASEAN to be settled in renminbi by 2025 [7][11]. Group 4: Global Financial Dynamics - The U.S. approach is seen as hypocritical, as it has previously disregarded its own debts, such as those from the Confederate States and post-Iraq war scenarios, while attempting to enforce historical debts on China [9]. - The push for historical debt repayment may accelerate the trend towards de-dollarization, with countries like Russia and Saudi Arabia opting for renminbi in oil transactions, contributing to a decline in the dollar's share of global foreign exchange reserves to 59%, the lowest in 25 years [9][11]. Group 5: Broader Implications - The situation represents a clash between historical debts and modern international rules, questioning the legitimacy of reviving colonial-era debts while highlighting the need for a fairer global financial order [11]. - China's strategy of reducing U.S. bond holdings and increasing gold reserves, alongside promoting the renminbi, is not only about protecting its interests but also about pushing for a more equitable global financial system [11].

Core Viewpoint - The event commemorates the victory of the Chinese people in the War of Resistance against Japan and the global anti-fascist struggle, emphasizing the importance of historical justice and collective memory [3][4]. Group 1: Historical Significance - The event serves as a powerful reminder of the sacrifices made by heroes throughout Chinese history, encapsulated in the inscription on the Monument to the People's Heroes [1]. - The commemoration highlights the transformation of World War II into a global anti-fascist war, leading to significant political changes and the establishment of a more just world order [3]. Group 2: Cultural and Soft Power - The importance of cultural memory and the role of art in shaping global narratives is emphasized, with a call for active participation in global cultural competition [4]. - The need for a robust public cultural service system and high-quality cultural products is identified as essential for building a culturally strong nation [4]. Group 3: Future Aspirations - The event reflects a collective aspiration for a peaceful and stable international order, with a focus on the contributions of new art forms that engage with contemporary social processes [5]. - The commitment to enhancing cross-cultural dialogue and international communication capabilities is highlighted as a means to assert China's cultural narrative on the global stage [4].

Core Viewpoint - The upgraded China People's Anti-Japanese War Memorial Museum (Anti-War Museum) commemorates the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Anti-Japanese War, emphasizing the importance of historical memory and peace through a new exhibition titled "For National Liberation and World Peace" [1][13]. Group 1: Exhibition Overview - The exhibition opened on July 7 and has attracted over 600,000 visitors to date [1]. - The exhibition area has expanded from 6,700 square meters to 12,200 square meters, nearly doubling the space for historical narrative [4]. - A total of 3,237 artifacts and 1,525 photographs are displayed, with nearly one-third of the items being shown for the first time [4][13]. Group 2: Historical Narrative and Content - The exhibition features a variety of historical materials, including documents and artifacts that provide deeper insights into the Anti-Japanese War [6]. - A section dedicated to the history of the Anti-Japanese War from Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan showcases contributions from overseas Chinese [6]. - A dynamic lightbox matrix composed of 5,098 photos narrates the 14-year struggle from September 18, 1931, to September 2, 1945 [6]. Group 3: Technological Integration - The museum employs advanced technology to enhance visitor engagement, such as interactive displays and immersive experiences [10][11]. - AI technology has been used to animate images of heroes, making their stories more relatable to visitors [11]. - The use of 5K ultra-high-definition displays creates an immersive environment that allows visitors to experience historical moments vividly [11]. Group 4: Spiritual and Educational Mission - The museum emphasizes the importance of passing on the spirit of resistance and patriotism through interactive installations that honor heroes [14]. - The commitment to historical justice is reflected in the exhibition's content, which exposes the atrocities committed by Japanese militarism [15][16]. - The museum aims to educate visitors about the significance of the Anti-Japanese War in the context of global anti-fascist efforts [9][16]. Group 5: Future Directions - The museum's expansion and technological advancements aim to make history more accessible and engaging for future generations [17]. - The integration of history, technology, and art is designed to foster a deeper understanding of national spirit and historical context among visitors [17].

Core Points - The seminar commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese War and the World Anti-Fascist War was held in Istanbul, emphasizing the theme "Cherish Peace, Create the Future" [1] - Over a hundred representatives from think tanks, media, and scholars from China and Turkey, as well as consuls from Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, Argentina, and Poland, attended the event [1] - The Chinese Consul General in Istanbul, Wei Xiaodong, highlighted China's significant sacrifices and contributions to the victory in the World Anti-Fascist War, noting that the Chinese Anti-Japanese War began the earliest and lasted the longest [1] - Turkish academic Hasan Yunar stressed the importance of remembering the sacrifices made by countries like China and the Soviet Union during World War II, advocating for multilateral cooperation to address global challenges [1] - Historian İbrahim Ortaylı emphasized the need for mutual trust and respect among nations to achieve stability and development in a complex international environment [1] Additional Activities - The Chinese Consulate in Istanbul also organized a photo exhibition featuring 60 historical images provided exclusively by Xinhua News Agency, which attendees found to be a valuable reminder of the importance of peace [2]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government expresses strong dissatisfaction with Japanese officials' visits to the Yasukuni Shrine, viewing it as a challenge to historical justice and human conscience, and has lodged formal protests against Japan's actions [1][3]. Group 1 - The Yasukuni Shrine is described as a spiritual tool and symbol of Japanese militarism, housing 14 Class A war criminals responsible for serious crimes during the invasion wars [1][3]. - This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese people in the Anti-Japanese War and the World Anti-Fascist War, emphasizing the importance of correctly understanding and addressing history for Japan's reintegration into the international community [1][3]. - The Chinese government urges Japan to reflect on its history of aggression, exercise caution regarding historical issues like the Yasukuni Shrine, and completely sever ties with militarism while committing to a path of peaceful development [1][3].

Core Viewpoint - The visit of President Xi Jinping to Russia commemorates the 80th anniversary of the victory in World War II, emphasizing the importance of historical memory and the need to uphold the achievements of the war against fascism [1][3][10] Group 1: Historical Significance - The visit serves as a solemn commemoration of the joint efforts of China and Russia in achieving victory during World War II, reinforcing the need to maintain a correct historical perspective on the war [1][3] - Xi Jinping's article highlights the importance of learning from the lessons of World War II to oppose all forms of hegemony and to create a better future for humanity [1][5] Group 2: Contributions of China and Russia - China and the Soviet Union played crucial roles in defeating Japanese militarism and German fascism, which were essential for maintaining national independence and sovereignty [3][8] - The sacrifices made by the Chinese people during the Anti-Japanese War, with over 35 million casualties, significantly supported the Allied forces and contributed to the overall victory in World War II [8][10] Group 3: Defense of Historical Justice - Upholding historical justice requires acknowledging the achievements of World War II and remembering the shared historical memories of China and Russia [4][11] - Xi Jinping emphasizes that any attempts to distort the truth of World War II or deny its outcomes will not succeed, highlighting the importance of preserving historical facts [11][12] Group 4: International Order and Cooperation - The establishment of the United Nations and the return of Taiwan to China are seen as significant outcomes of World War II, which are integral to the post-war international order [12][13] - The joint declaration between China and Russia aims to deepen strategic cooperation and promote the correct historical perspective on World War II, including educational and commemorative activities [10][13]