Core Points - The U.S. Supreme Court is set to hear the "V.O.S. Selections v. Trump" case in the first week of November, indicating a swift resolution to the matter [1][3] - The case arises after the U.S. Court of Appeals ruled that most tariffs imposed by the Trump administration were illegal, leading the White House to request expedited review [1][4] - If the Supreme Court rules against the tariffs, the average effective tariff rate of 16.3% could be reduced by at least half, potentially resulting in the refund of hundreds of billions of dollars in tariffs [1][5] Legal Context - The Trump administration's tariffs are claimed to be authorized under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), which does not explicitly grant the power to impose tariffs [4] - The U.S. Court of Appeals ruled 7-4 that the IEEPA does not authorize such broad tariffs, emphasizing that the Constitution grants Congress the power to set tariffs, not the President [4] Financial Implications - U.S. Treasury Secretary indicated that if the Supreme Court deems the tariffs illegal, the government may have to refund about half of the tariffs collected, which would be a significant financial burden [5] - As of August 12, the U.S. had collected $142 billion in tariff revenue for the fiscal year [5] Case Developments - The Court of Appeals upheld parts of the lower court's ruling but sent back the issue of a nationwide permanent injunction for further review, ensuring judicial authority is not overstepped [5] - The case reflects the ongoing tension between executive power and legislative authority regarding tariff imposition [4][5] Stakeholder Reactions - Legal representatives for companies affected by the tariffs are advocating for the protection of small businesses and adherence to the rule of law in light of what they describe as excessive tariff actions [6]

2025.09. 03 贝森特透露"B计划" 今年4月，由小型企业联盟和多个民主党主政州组成的原告团体V.O.S. Selections Inc.将特朗普政府 的关税政策诉至美国国际贸易法院（CIT）。5月28日，CIT裁定，美国总统特朗普不可根据IEEPA无 限制地征税，并对特朗普10%的所谓"对等关税"以及芬太尼关税颁布暂停令。 本文字数：2227，阅读时长大约4分钟 作者 | 第一财经 冯迪凡 如果美国最高法院判决特朗普政府所谓"对等关税"违法，特朗普政府如何接招？ 当地时间9月1日，美国财长贝森特透露，美国政府还有备用方案。 贝 森 特 表 示 ， 他 相 信 美 国 最 高 法 院 将 支 持 特 朗 普 总 统 依 据 1977 年 《 国 际 紧 急 经 济 权 力 法 》 （IEEPA）对大多数贸易伙伴征收全面关税的做法。 多位接受第一财经记者采访的专家对贝森特此次表态并不意外，并表示美国政府近期频繁使用232调 查等措施就意味着除了所谓"对等关税"之外，特朗普政府一直在探索其他关税方式。 英国杜伦大学法学院副院长、跨国法教授兼全球政策研究所联合主任杜明对第一财经记者解释道，如 果特朗普方面败 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that the U.S. government is exploring alternative tariff methods in response to potential legal challenges against Trump's "reciprocal tariffs" under the IEEPA [1][2][3] - U.S. Treasury Secretary Bessent believes the Supreme Court will support the use of IEEPA for imposing tariffs, but acknowledges that other legal frameworks exist, albeit with less efficiency and power [4][5] - The recent ruling by the U.S. Court of Appeals has weakened the Trump administration's ability to use tariffs as a key economic policy tool, allowing tariffs to remain in place until October 14 for potential Supreme Court appeal [1][3] Group 2 - Experts suggest that if the Trump administration loses the case, it can still utilize other domestic laws such as Sections 301, 232, 122, and 338 for imposing tariffs [2][5][7] - Section 232 investigations have already been initiated on 11 categories of products, including steel, aluminum, and semiconductors, indicating a broad scope for potential tariffs [6] - Section 122 allows for tariffs up to 15% to address balance of payments issues, but these tariffs are limited to 150 days unless extended by Congress [7] Group 3 - The international market response has been muted, with investors adopting a wait-and-see approach due to the uncertainty surrounding the legal and policy landscape of tariffs [8] - The potential adverse ruling from the Supreme Court could significantly impact companies that have adjusted their supply chains and pricing strategies based on current tariffs [8] - European leaders express frustration over the U.S. trade approach, emphasizing the need for stronger trade partnerships globally to enhance predictability and reduce strategic dependencies [9]

Core Point - The White House confirms that goods eligible for preferential tariff treatment under the USMCA will continue to be unaffected by tariffs imposed on Canada under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) [1] Group 1 - The USMCA provides a framework for trade relations between the US, Mexico, and Canada, ensuring that certain goods maintain preferential tariff status [1] - The IEEPA allows the US government to impose tariffs during national emergencies, but this will not impact USMCA-compliant goods [1]

白宫经济顾问哈塞特表示，如果特朗普认为巴西的行动和政策构成国家安全威胁，他有权根据国际紧急 经济权力法（IEEPA）征收关税。 ...