中美新老经济分化加剧，债牛趋势更为确定 20251119 2025 年各类资产表现良好，但国内债券市场表现较弱，不宜简单外推 至 2026 年，需关注市场拐点和结构性变化，而非仅依赖过去一年的表 现进行预测。 中美经济呈现新老经济加速分化特征，美国面临"三高"问题，传统企 业成本压力大，消费驱动型经济面临就业和消费信心挑战，AI 发展集中 于少数头部企业，对 GDP 和就业拉动效果有限。 中国股市主要反映新经济增长，但占比仍较低，传统经济放缓，房地产 市场加速下滑，对整体投资增速产生负面影响，2025 年中国首次出现 投资增速不增长。 新经济发展主要体现在制造业投资上，但新老经济分化明显，新兴产业 用电量高，传统建筑业下降。股市与债市并非完全对立，新经济带动股 市，债券市场关注传统产业，两者可共存。 全球股票估值处于历史高位，风险溢价偏高，但未达到互联网泡沫时期 极端水平。黄金与其他大类资产定价存在矛盾，反映市场对经济前景的 不确定性和分裂状态。 Q&A 在展望 2026 年经济时，应该避免哪些常见的误区？ 展望 2026 年经济时，应避免线性外推，即不能简单地基于 2025 年的情况直 接推断 2026 年 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the increasing divergence between new and old economies in both China and the United States, highlighting the impact of AI on investment and employment, as well as the implications for financial markets and economic stability moving into 2026 [4][6]. Group 1: Economic Divergence - The global economy is experiencing a structural change characterized by the rapid growth of AI-driven high-tech industries, while traditional sectors like real estate and consumption face challenges [4][6]. - In the U.S., the "three highs" (high inflation, high interest rates, and high wages) are pressuring the economy and leading to a decline in corporate profits and economic activity [17][20]. - China's economy is supported by record trade surpluses and fiscal deficits in 2025, but these factors are expected to face constraints in 2026, potentially weakening economic support [4][6]. Group 2: Policy Implications - Global fiscal policies are under increasing constraints, necessitating a shift towards more accommodative monetary policies to alleviate debt interest pressures [4][6]. - The article anticipates that both the U.S. and China will likely see limited fiscal policy enhancements, with a greater probability of accelerated monetary easing [4][6]. Group 3: Market Dynamics - The stock market is reflecting the strength of the new economy, particularly in AI-related sectors, while the bond market is indicative of the weakening traditional economy [6][8]. - The article suggests that the bond bull market is more certain compared to the stock bull market, as bond yields are expected to decline significantly by the end of 2026 [4][6]. Group 4: Real Estate and Investment Trends - In China, the real estate sector continues to experience downward pressure, with new construction and sales areas declining, which is expected to impact overall economic growth [94][97]. - The article notes that the investment growth rate in real estate has reached historical lows, indicating a significant drag on the economy [97][99]. - The new economy in China, while showing some breakthroughs, still constitutes a small portion of the overall economy, with traditional sectors remaining dominant [91][93].