世卫组织表示，即使当前检测到的主要流感病毒与流感疫苗所覆盖的毒株间存在一些基因差异，流感疫 苗仍可以起到保护作用，且有望预防重症，接种疫苗仍然是最有效的公共卫生措施之一。 （文章来源：新华网） 报告说，在全球多个国家和地区，甲型H3N2亚型流感病毒在检测到的流感病毒中所占比例都在增加。 病毒基因序列数据显示，自今年8月以来，多个国家检测到的甲型H3N2亚型流感病毒K亚分支数量增 加，这标志着流感病毒的显著进化，但目前的流行病学数据并未显示其引发的疾病严重程度增加。 报告指出，随着北半球冬季到来，每年此时由流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒和其他常见呼吸道病毒引起的 呼吸道感染病例都会增加，今年的情况也符合这一趋势。北半球一些国家报告称流感季提前到来；在另 一些国家，流感活动开始增加，但尚未达到流行的阈值。与往年相比，南半球一些国家的流感疫情持续 时间异常漫长，近几个月来的病毒活动仍高于往年水平。 世界卫生组织10日发布的《季节性流感全球形势》报告指出，自今年10月以来，全球流感活动有所增 加，全球检测到的流感病毒中，大部分是甲型流感病毒。 ...

流感是由流感病毒感染引起的急性呼吸道疾病。了解流感病毒的主要传播途径、典型症状及其科学防治方法，对于提升公众防护意识、有效开展流感防 控工作具有重要意义。 民HFF年 2/25 = 3576 个人健康手册 01 第三十歲 E 确诊流感后，家长需要密切关注孩子的 - Ek 持续高热或发热 吃奶或进食困难。 超过三大。 17 持续呕吐或腹泻, 没精神、烦躁, 甚至出现意识障碍。 尿少或尿色变红。 嗜睡或难以唤醒, 皮肤或唇色发紫, 需要紧急就医。 需要紧急就医。 注:如果还出现抽搐、肌肉痛明显等症状,甚至反复出 现上述症状,应该及时就医。 警惕继发感? 当症状好转后又再次出现发烧、痰量增多、痰 色变化,要警惕继发感染;患者如果出现了呼 吸困难、指脉氧下降,要及时就医。 要避免传染给家人,有条件的可以在单独的 房间,如果没有条件,也要尽量的和家人保 持距离,多开窗通风。 NEMBLE 与家人接触时戴口罩,打喷嚏、咳嗽的时 候,用纸巾或者肘部遮住口鼻,使用过的纸 中立即扔进带盖的垃圾桶并及时洗手。 2 个人健康手册 of (人民好医生 5,500万 35元 (1) (1) 1 a 可明 195 首次 为防范呼吸道传染 ...

Core Insights - The current flu activity in China has reached a high epidemic level, primarily driven by the H3N2 subtype of the influenza virus, which accounts for over 95% of cases reported [2][3]. Group 1: Virus Characteristics - The predominant virus this year is the H3N2 subtype, with minor circulation of H1N1 and B influenza viruses [2]. - No new or unknown pathogens have been detected, indicating that the flu viruses in circulation are well-known [2]. Group 2: Treatment Options - The most widely used antiviral medications in China are Oseltamivir and Baloxavir Marboxil, with specific age-related usage guidelines [4]. - Oseltamivir is approved for individuals over one year old, while Baloxavir is approved for children aged five and older, with the latter requiring only a single dose for treatment [4]. Group 3: Symptoms and Diagnosis - Common flu symptoms include fever, nasal congestion, sore throat, and muscle aches, with variations in severity based on the patient's age and health status [5]. - For young children showing flu symptoms, it is recommended to seek medical evaluation rather than self-medicate at home due to the rapid progression of the disease [6]. Group 4: Monitoring and Prevention - Monitoring the surrounding environment for flu activity and observing symptoms in oneself and close contacts are crucial for early detection [7].

Group 1 - Rhinovirus is one of the most common viruses and is a major cause of the common cold, responsible for approximately 30% to 50% of adult colds and about 15% of children's colds, earning it the title of "king of cold viruses" [2] - The virus has a short incubation period of 1 to 3 days and can lead to symptoms such as nasal congestion and clear nasal discharge [3] - Rhinovirus infections are typically self-limiting in healthy adults, but can exacerbate existing conditions in vulnerable populations such as infants, the elderly, and those with chronic respiratory diseases [3] Group 2 - Rhinovirus primarily causes mild cold symptoms, with a normal or slightly elevated temperature, and most patients recover within a week without severe complications [4] - The virus spreads through respiratory droplets and contact with contaminated surfaces, making it easily transmissible in crowded places [5] - Treatment focuses on symptomatic relief and supportive care, as antibiotics are ineffective against viruses [6][7] Group 3 - Preventive measures against rhinovirus include frequent handwashing, avoiding face touching, and maintaining a balanced diet, adequate sleep, and regular exercise to support immune health [8][9] - The use of saline nasal sprays and traditional Chinese medicine may provide additional support, but basic hygiene practices are emphasized as the most important preventive strategies [8][9]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of understanding flu prevention and control measures, especially during the high incidence winter-spring season, to protect oneself and family from influenza. Group 1: Influenza Overview - Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the influenza virus, primarily the H3N2 subtype in China [2] - The flu virus has four types: A, B, C, and D, with A and B being the most common in seasonal outbreaks [2] Group 2: Characteristics of Influenza - The flu typically peaks in the winter-spring season, with varying dominant strains each year, including H3N2, H1N1, and B Victoria subtypes [3] - Influenza spreads mainly through droplets from coughs and sneezes, and can survive briefly in the air [4] Group 3: Symptoms and Differences from Common Cold - Typical symptoms of influenza include fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, with temperatures reaching 39-40°C, along with sore throat, dry cough, nasal congestion, and fatigue [5] - Influenza differs from the common cold in terms of causative agents, symptoms, and seasonal patterns, with flu being more severe and often leading to complications like pneumonia in high-risk groups [6] Group 4: High-Risk Groups - High-risk groups for severe influenza include infants, pregnant women, and elderly individuals with chronic conditions such as heart or lung diseases, diabetes, or immune suppression [7] Group 5: Prevention Strategies - Annual vaccination is an effective method to prevent influenza and reduce the risk of severe complications, along with maintaining good personal hygiene and cleanliness in living and working environments [8] Group 6: Response to Symptoms - Individuals showing flu symptoms should rest at home and avoid public places until symptoms subside, and seek medical attention if experiencing severe symptoms like persistent high fever or difficulty breathing [9]

Core Viewpoint - The current flu season in China is experiencing a rapid increase in activity, with the H3N2 virus remaining dominant, and experts clarify that there are no new pathogens causing emerging infectious diseases [1][2][3]. Group 1: Flu Virus Characteristics - The H3N2 subtype is not new and is a common variant, with seasonal fluctuations between H1N1, H3N2, and B-type flu viruses [3]. - Influenza viruses undergo "antigenic drift," leading to seasonal outbreaks, but this does not imply that the virus is becoming increasingly virulent [4][5]. Group 2: Vaccination Insights - With the flu season in full swing, vaccination remains beneficial, even for those who have experienced flu-like symptoms but have not been diagnosed [6][8]. - It is advised not to vaccinate during the acute phase of infection, but individuals can receive the vaccine after recovery from flu-like symptoms [7]. Group 3: Treatment and Symptoms in Children - Antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections like the flu, and treatment should focus on rest, hydration, and symptomatic relief [9]. - Symptoms in children can vary significantly, with older children showing symptoms similar to adults, while younger children may exhibit different signs such as digestive issues [9].

Core Viewpoint - The current flu season in China is experiencing a rapid increase in activity, with the H3N2 virus remaining dominant, and experts clarify that there are no new pathogens detected [1][3]. Group 1: Flu Virus Characteristics - The H3N2 subtype is not new and is a common variant, with known pathogens circulating rather than unknown ones [3]. - Influenza viruses undergo "antigenic drift," leading to seasonal outbreaks, but this does not imply that the virus is becoming stronger over time [5]. Group 2: Vaccination Insights - Despite the flu season being in full swing, it is still beneficial to receive the flu vaccine, especially for those who have recovered from flu-like symptoms [7][9]. - Vaccination is recommended after symptoms have subsided, and it is not advisable to vaccinate during the acute phase of infection [7]. Group 3: Prevention Strategies - A dual prevention strategy of vaccination and maintaining good hygiene practices is advised to mitigate flu transmission [11]. - Antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections like the flu, and symptomatic treatment is recommended instead [12][14]. Group 4: Pediatric Considerations - Symptoms of flu in children can differ from adults, with younger children potentially showing less typical signs [15]. - Parents should monitor for severe symptoms in children and seek medical attention if necessary [17].

Group 1 - The emergence of a new variant K sub-branch of the H3N2 influenza virus is leading to a more severe flu season in some countries [1] - In China, H3N2 is the dominant strain, with 3362 out of 3439 positive samples in southern provinces and 3535 out of 3563 in northern provinces being H3N2 [1] - Current flu activity is at a seasonal level, and there are no new infectious diseases caused by unknown pathogens detected [1] Group 2 - The national flu center's antigenic analysis shows that 43.6% of H3N2 strains are similar to the WHO-recommended vaccine component, indicating high vaccine match [2] - The flu vaccine covers multiple subtypes, and it is recommended to get vaccinated early to reduce the risk of infection and severe illness [2] - The flu activity in China is rising rapidly, with many provinces reaching moderate to high epidemic levels, particularly among children aged 5-14 [3] Group 3 - Misconceptions about treating flu symptoms, such as the rush to reduce fever, can hinder proper diagnosis and treatment [3] - Antibiotics like amoxicillin and cephalosporins are ineffective against viral infections, highlighting the need for targeted treatment [3]

Core Viewpoint - The acute respiratory infectious disease epidemic in Shanxi Province is on the rise, with influenza being the predominant virus, particularly the H3N2 subtype, which accounts for 99% of cases reported, primarily among students [1][2]. Group 1: Disease Overview - The main pathogens causing acute respiratory infections during the autumn and winter seasons include influenza virus, rhinovirus, enterovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus [1]. - The H3N2 subtype of influenza is not a new strain and exhibits typical symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills, and fatigue, with some patients experiencing diarrhea and vomiting [1]. Group 2: Treatment and Medical Response - Accurate differentiation of respiratory diseases is crucial for effective treatment, with antiviral medications like Oseltamivir recommended for influenza patients, ideally administered within 48 hours of symptom onset [2]. - The Shanxi Provincial Health Commission has strengthened epidemic trend analysis and risk assessment, ensuring that medical resources are allocated effectively and that emergency response mechanisms are in place [2]. - By the end of October, all secondary and tertiary public hospitals in Shanxi have achieved full coverage of pediatric outpatient services, establishing a pediatric diagnosis and treatment collaboration network across the province [2].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the rising stock prices of flu vaccine concept stocks, particularly Jindike (688670.SH), due to an increase in flu activity in southern China and a warning about the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) during the flu season [3][4]. Group 1: Flu and RSV Activity - The latest flu monitoring report indicates an increase in flu activity in southern provinces and most northern provinces during the 44th week of 2025 [3]. - RSV is also a concern, with a detection rate of 8.5% among severe acute respiratory infection cases, ranking second after rhinovirus [4][5]. - In Tianjin, RSV infections have peaked earlier this year compared to last year, with a notable increase in cases during the autumn and winter seasons [5][6]. Group 2: Infection Risks and Prevention - RSV poses a significant risk, especially for children under five, with the highest risk for those under one year old [6]. - The article emphasizes the importance of preventing severe RSV and flu infections to avoid complications such as pneumonia and meningitis [6][8]. - Recommendations for prevention include vaccination for children over six months against flu, and the use of RSV monoclonal antibodies for infants under one year [6][7]. Group 3: Public Health Recommendations - Non-pharmaceutical interventions are suggested, such as maintaining social distance, frequent handwashing, wearing masks, and improving ventilation [7]. - Adults are encouraged to adopt good hygiene practices to protect children from respiratory infections during the high-risk autumn and winter seasons [7][8].