Group 1: Currency Exchange Trends - In May, the RMB exchange rate showed a general strengthening trend due to multiple factors, including a temporary easing of the US-China trade situation [1][2] - The RMB/USD exchange rate fluctuated and rose, breaking the 7.20 mark on May 12, despite a rebound in the dollar index [2] - By the end of May, the RMB exchange rate was recorded at 7.1953, reflecting an overall appreciation of 0.94% for the month [3] Group 2: Market Activity - The interbank foreign exchange market remained stable in May, with an average daily trading volume of $207.29 billion, a year-on-year increase of 12.59% [4] - The average daily trading volume in the RMB foreign exchange market was $158.10 billion, also showing a year-on-year increase of 8.43% [4] - The trading direction in the spot market showed variability, with institutions alternating between net selling and buying, resulting in an average daily net selling of $2.67 million [4] Group 3: Interest Rate Differentials - The interest rate differential between China and the US widened slightly in May, influenced by factors such as US government policies and inflation risks [5] - The 10-year US Treasury yield reached a three-month high of 4.58% before slightly retreating to 4.41% by the end of May [5] - The 10-year China-US bond yield spread ended the month at -274 basis points, widening by 20 basis points compared to the previous month [5] Group 4: Swap Points and Liquidity - The one-year swap points ended May at -2060 basis points, down 107 basis points from the previous month, primarily driven by interest rate factors [6] - The offshore swap points moved in sync with onshore points, with the one-year swap point spread narrowing to -97 basis points, the tightest since March 2023 [7] - Overall, dollar liquidity in the domestic market was relatively loose, with the domestic-offshore dollar overnight interest rate spread turning negative by the end of May [7]