Group 1 - China's rare earth exports to the US surged from 46 tons in May to 619 tons in July, indicating a significant willingness to cooperate [1][3] - In July, China's rare earth magnet exports reached 5,577 tons, a 75% increase from June, highlighting the critical role of rare earths in various industries, including defense and electric vehicles [3][12] - Despite the increase in exports, the US labeled China as a "hostile nation," escalating diplomatic tensions [5][8] Group 2 - The US has accused China of exporting "illegal e-cigarette products" and engaging in "genetic engineering," which reflects a broader strategy of public relations warfare against China [6][9] - The US has implemented discriminatory checks on Chinese students and imposed sanctions on Chinese companies under the pretext of assisting Iran, showcasing a multifaceted approach to counter China [9][10] - Historically, the US has shifted its stance on China from "constructive partnership" to "strategic competitor," indicating a long-term trend of increasing hostility [10][12] Group 3 - The US's reliance on Chinese rare earths is evident, as 80% of its rare earth demand is met through imports, making China's supply crucial for US military and technological needs [3][20] - The US's strategy appears to involve leveraging its dependence on Chinese resources while simultaneously attempting to undermine China's geopolitical influence [20][22] - China's past actions, such as implementing export controls on rare earths, have demonstrated its ability to impact global supply chains significantly [24][26] Group 4 - The current geopolitical landscape reflects a shift from globalization to a more fragmented approach, with the US seeking to reduce its dependence on China while facing challenges in replacing Chinese supply chains [32][34] - The US's strategy of "decoupling" from China may lead to significant economic costs, as alternatives to Chinese rare earths are not readily available [36][39] - China's investments in global rare earth projects and partnerships indicate a strategic move to strengthen its position in the global supply chain [41][43] Group 5 - The ongoing rare earth competition illustrates a transition in US policy from "cooperation" to "zero-sum thinking," revealing a fundamental change in its approach to international relations [45] - The future of global resource diplomacy will likely see a reconfiguration of geopolitical alliances, with countries possessing critical resources gaining leverage [45]

■ 张菁秋 在当前全球地缘政治格局深刻演变的背景下，资源能源安全正成为各国国家战略的重要支柱。尤其是关键矿产作为新能源、半导体、军工等战略性产业的 基础支撑，其供应链安全关系到一个国家的科技发展、工业体系乃至整体经济安全。近年来，美国通过"关键矿产清单"，强化关键资源的战略管控;欧 盟、澳大利亚等经济体也纷纷制定关键原材料战略，以降低对外依赖。美国总统特朗普于2025年3月签署旨在加强美国关键矿产生产的行政令，4月启动关 键矿物进口"232调查"，对于资源的争夺已演化为以供应链安全为核心的全方位战略博弈。在此背景下，日本长期以来在资源获取方面所采取的"资源外 交"战略再次引发关注。 日本作为关键矿产消费大国，其资源高度依赖进口，本土关键矿产资源供给能力偏弱。为确保国家战略性产业的核心资源供给，日本政府长期将保障关键 矿物及工业原材料的稳定获取置于政策制定的优先位置，早在20世纪就已通过设立专门机构、推动对外合作、拓展海外资源布局，逐步形成了一套具有特 色的资源外交体系，其经验对当前我国应对关键矿产资源国际竞争、提升资源供应链韧性具有重要借鉴意义。 一、日本资源外交演变历史及特点 自20世纪60年代以来，日本资 ...

Group 1 - The U.S. has a long-term reliance on imports for critical mineral resources, which has led to increased resource acquisition costs for related manufacturing due to "reciprocal tariffs" [1] - A new agreement has been signed between Ukraine and the U.S. to establish the U.S.-Ukraine Reconstruction Investment Fund, aimed at investing in mining, oil, gas projects, and related infrastructure [1] - Ukraine holds a significant position in the global mineral resource supply chain, with over 8,000 identified mineral deposits and 22 out of 50 critical minerals listed by the U.S. [2] Group 2 - The U.S. Department of Energy has included 50 types of mineral products in its critical minerals list for 2023, with a significant portion of these being heavily reliant on imports [2] - A trade investigation has been initiated by the Trump administration to assess the impact of imported critical minerals on national security, which may lead to the imposition of tariffs [3]