这是在卫星多时相云图上看到的当代漳卫汇合景象。大雪覆盖了徐万仓的田野与堤岸。凸显出左侧的漳 河比右侧的卫河明显细小了许多，形象地显示了漳河在不同时期的济运、补水功能。据《三国志》记 载，早在公元213年，曹操凿利漕渠，就引漳水入白沟，将漳、卫、黄三河联通起来。 在与大自然的共同作用下，大运河改变了地貌，形成了新的水系和自然生态环境。 图片来源：国家地理信息公共服务平台（天地图） 2021年12月26日 历史上的漳河同样"善淤、善决、善徙"，雨季常带来洪涝灾害。这张卫星云图记录了2021年发生罕见秋 汛时，徐万仓汇流处的漳河河道水量壮大侵盈情景。汇流后的卫运河也随之变得浑黄。 图片来源：国家地理信息公共服务平台（天地图） 2021年10月13日 响堂山石窟是第一批全国重点文物保护单位，代表了中国石窟艺术史中一个重要阶段。石窟依山而建， 山前即为滏口陉穿越的谷地，是多元文化交流的重要通道。 在新中国成立之前，石窟的雕像曾遭受大面积盗凿毁坏，大量精美石雕造像流失海外，已知至少有148 件文物散落在世界各地博物馆和私人收藏者手中。 齐欣摄 意无意地放弃了邯郸。从河南的南乐经河北的徐万仓抵山东的临清鳌头矶，碰见人们熟知 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article provides a comprehensive guide on material selection based on various mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, strength, and cost, emphasizing the importance of choosing the right materials for specific applications. Group 1: Young's Modulus and Density - When hard materials are needed, such as for top beams or bicycle frames, materials at the top of the chart should be selected [2] - For low-density materials, such as packaging foam, materials on the left side of the chart are recommended [2] - Finding materials that are both rigid and lightweight is challenging, and composite materials are often a good choice [3] Group 2: Young's Modulus and Cost - For hard materials, the top materials in the chart should be chosen for applications like top beams and bicycle frames [14] - For low-cost materials, those on the left side of the chart are preferred [14] - If a cheap and hard material is required, materials in the upper left corner of the chart, mostly metals and ceramics, should be selected [15] Group 3: Strength and Density - The strength indicated in the chart refers to tensile strength, with ceramics showing compressive strength [26] - High-strength and low-density materials are located in the upper left part of the graph [26] - Strength is a critical indicator of a part's ability to resist failure under load [26] Group 4: Strength and Cost - The strength indicated is tensile strength, except for ceramics which indicate compressive strength [38] - Many applications require materials with high strength, such as screwdrivers and seat belts, but these materials are often expensive [38] - Only a few materials can meet both strength and cost requirements, typically found in the upper left part of the chart [38] Group 5: Strength and Toughness - The strength indicated is tensile strength, while ceramics indicate compressive strength [50] - Typically, materials with poor toughness also have low strength; increasing strength may reduce toughness [50] - Strength measures a material's ability to resist external forces, while toughness measures its ability to absorb energy before failure [50] Group 6: Strength and Elongation at Break - Ceramics have very low elongation at break (<1%); metals have moderate elongation (1-50%); thermoplastics have high elongation (>100%) [61] - Rubber exhibits long-term elastic elongation, while thermosetting polymers have low elongation (<5%) [61] Group 7: Strength and Maximum Working Temperature - The chart applies to components used in environments where working temperatures exceed room temperature, such as cookware and automotive parts [73] - Polymers have lower maximum working temperatures, metals have medium, and ceramics can withstand very high temperatures [73] Group 8: Specific Strength and Specific Stiffness - Specific strength is defined as strength divided by material density, while specific stiffness is stiffness divided by material density [84] - High strength and high stiffness usually coexist, as they largely depend on the bonding forces between atoms [84] Group 9: Resistivity and Cost - The chart is primarily for selecting materials that require low prices and good electrical insulation or conductivity [97] - Good electrical conductors are typically good thermal conductors, while good electrical insulators are good thermal insulators [97] Group 10: Recyclability and Cost - The chart identifies materials' recyclability features, especially for expensive and recyclable materials [108] - Metals are particularly suitable for recycling due to ease of sorting and remelting, while ceramics are rarely recycled [108] Group 11: Production Energy Consumption and Cost - The energy consumed in producing a material is a factor in raw material costs, with most materials located in the low-cost/low-energy or high-cost/high-energy quadrants [121] - Metals often require significant energy for extraction, such as aluminum production consuming a substantial portion of total energy in the U.S. [123]

Core Viewpoint - The recent Central Urban Work Conference emphasizes the construction of modern urban cities with six key aspects: innovation, livability, beauty, resilience, civilization, and intelligence, aiming to align urban development with national goals [7][8][12]. Group 1: Urban Development Goals - The conference highlights the transition of urbanization from rapid growth to stable development, focusing on quality improvement rather than mere expansion [12]. - The six aspects of modern urban cities are designed to meet the aspirations of the people for a better life, making urban development goals more comprehensive and aligned with high-quality development requirements [8][9]. Group 2: Innovation as a Key Driver - Innovation is identified as the primary driver for urban development, essential for transitioning from extensive growth to quality enhancement [17][18]. - The importance of innovation is underscored by the need for cities to adapt to new technological revolutions and industrial transformations, positioning themselves as centers for economic and social development [18][19]. Group 3: Specific Urban Development Strategies - The conference proposes a systematic transformation in urban development, emphasizing five key shifts: from extensive to intensive development, from quantity to quality, from uniformity to uniqueness, from construction to governance, and from fragmentation to coordination [12][13][16]. - Each city is encouraged to develop its unique innovation ecosystem based on its resources and characteristics, avoiding a one-size-fits-all approach [20][21]. Group 4: Role of Different Cities - Different cities are to be positioned according to their unique resources and industrial bases, with specific strategies for innovation and development tailored to their strengths [21]. - The national strategy includes supporting major cities like Beijing and Shanghai as international innovation centers while fostering regional innovation hubs in other areas [21].

Group 1 - The core message of the report emphasizes that innovation and resilience are the key capabilities for Chinese enterprises to achieve counter-cyclical growth in the context of a restructured global business landscape [6][8][10] - The 2025 Accenture China Enterprise Digital Transformation Index score has risen to 49, marking a steady increase over three consecutive years, indicating that enterprises are entering a critical phase of transformation [10][44][47] - The report identifies three major trends in enterprise transformation: a commitment to innovation and globalization, the strategic integration of AI, and the upgrading of resilience to combat vulnerabilities [10][14][48] Group 2 - To achieve new growth in the new landscape, enterprises must focus on four key tasks: leveraging innovation for breakthroughs, integrating AI into global strategies, building an AI-driven digital core, and reshaping talent and organizations [2][16][20] - The report showcases case studies from companies like Leading Intelligent, Nestlé China, and Midea, highlighting their experiences in digital transformation, innovation, AI application, and organizational change [2][62] - The report notes that 2025 is a pivotal year for the Chinese economy and enterprises, with significant shifts in global trade and economic order, as well as advancements in AI technology redefining competitive dynamics [10][30][31]

Core Insights - The central urban work conference held in Beijing emphasized the goal of building modern, innovative, livable, beautiful, resilient, civilized, and smart cities, marking a shift from rapid urbanization to stable development [1] Group 1: Urban Development Transition - China's urbanization is transitioning from a phase of rapid growth to stable development, focusing on improving existing urban spaces rather than expanding them [1] - The conference highlighted the need for new ideas and methods to address the challenges faced by over 900 million urban residents in the context of urban space optimization and quality enhancement [1][3] Group 2: Urban Safety Initiatives - Urban safety is identified as a fundamental aspect of city development, necessitating simultaneous efforts in both above-ground and underground infrastructure [2] - There is a need for significant updates and renovations of aging underground pipelines and improved emergency response systems to address urban disasters [2] Group 3: Urban Renewal Focus - The renewed emphasis on urban renewal is seen as a critical strategy for enhancing urban quality and efficiency, moving beyond just the renovation of old neighborhoods to include optimizing urban spatial structures and promoting green, low-carbon development [3] Group 4: Public Service Improvement - The conference underscored the importance of expanding public services to non-resident populations, addressing the disparity in service availability between urban and rural areas [4][5] - There is a call for more diverse and accessible public service facilities, particularly in the context of an aging population, to support community-based elder care [4][5] Group 5: Shift in Development Philosophy - A significant shift in development philosophy is required, moving from a focus on construction to governance and management, emphasizing the importance of people in urban development [7] - The conference advocates for a people-centered approach, recognizing that urban development should prioritize the needs and contributions of its residents [7]

Investment Insights - In 2024, China's urban population is projected to reach 940 million, with an urbanization rate of 67%[2] - The focus of urban development is shifting from large-scale expansion to improving existing stock, emphasizing quality and efficiency[2] Definition of a Good City - A "good city" in China is defined by its ability to be innovative, livable, beautiful, resilient, civilized, and smart, as highlighted in recent government meetings[3] Innovation and Economic Growth - As of January 2025, China has 463,000 high-tech enterprises, with 169,000 in the industrial sector, contributing significantly to global R&D efforts[4] - R&D expenditure as a percentage of GDP is nearing 2.7%, surpassing the EU average and approaching OECD levels[4] Livability and Quality of Life - The average housing area per urban resident exceeded 40 square meters by the end of 2023, with over 68 million affordable housing units built since the 18th National Congress[6] - Approximately 150 million rural migrants have settled in cities since 2014, enhancing urban public service coverage[6] Environmental Sustainability - PM2.5 concentration in major cities dropped by 51% from 2015 to 2025, with an average of 24.5 µg/m³ recorded by May 2025[7] - The proportion of good water quality in surface water reached 90.4% in 2024, with a target to eliminate urban black and odorous water bodies by 2025[7] Urban Resilience - By 2024, approximately 100,000 kilometers of urban pipelines have been upgraded to enhance disaster resilience and safety[8] - A total investment of over 1 trillion yuan is planned for the construction of 3,000 "dual-use" facilities in major cities[9] Cultural Heritage and Historical Preservation - The protection of historical buildings and cultural heritage is prioritized, with a focus on preserving urban historical context and preventing large-scale demolitions[10][14] Smart City Development - By May 2025, China has built 4.486 million 5G base stations, with 207 cities achieving gigabit internet status, enhancing urban connectivity[11] - The integration of data governance and smart applications is crucial for improving urban management and public services[11] Housing and Community Development - In 2024, 74,000 dilapidated houses are set for renovation, with 1,863 urban village projects benefiting 1.367 million households[18] - The initiative to build "good houses" focuses on safety, comfort, and sustainability, with new standards implemented from May 2024[19]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of urban renewal actions in enhancing the quality of life for citizens, focusing on creating healthier, safer, and more livable urban environments [1][2][4]. Group 1: Urban Renewal Actions - Urban renewal is a crucial initiative to improve citizens' sense of gain and is a significant part of urban development actions [2]. - In 2024, China plans to implement over 60,000 urban renewal projects with an estimated investment of approximately 2.9 trillion yuan [2]. - Key themes for urban renewal include "livable, resilient, and smart" cities [2]. Group 2: Specific Projects and Investments - In Shenyang, 489 urban renewal projects are planned with a total investment of 51.9 billion yuan, focusing on old community renovations and infrastructure upgrades [2]. - The city of Taiyuan is prioritizing the renovation of old underground pipelines and integrating smart monitoring systems for real-time data on sewage and stormwater [3]. Group 3: Cultural and Historical Preservation - The article highlights the integration of historical and cultural preservation into urban renewal, ensuring that traditional neighborhoods and ancient buildings are maintained [3][4]. - The White Tower Temple area in Beijing has become a popular cultural and tourism spot, showcasing the blend of historical preservation and modern urban life [3]. Group 4: Government Initiatives and Policies - The Chinese government has issued guidelines to continue promoting urban renewal, focusing on eight main tasks, including the renovation of old residential areas and the enhancement of urban functions [4]. - The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development emphasizes that urban renewal actions will optimize city structures, improve functions, and enhance quality, which is vital for economic growth and improving people's livelihoods [4].