在中美贸易摩擦的大背景下，美国挑起的关税战持续升级，而中国在农产品进口方面的应对措施，正在美国国 内引发连锁反应。尤其是大豆领域的调整，已让美国豆农深陷困境，三大严重后果逐渐浮现。此时，特朗普政 府是否会另寻出路，成为各方关注的焦点。 事实上，今年 8 月，特朗普不得不向中国喊话，要求增加美国大豆采购，甚至提出将订单放大至往年 4 倍。但 中国态度坚决，直接拒绝。特朗普一边不愿放弃关税筹码，一边又想把大豆和稀土同时卖给中国，这种"既要又 要"的算盘显然难以奏效。结果只会是搬起石头砸自己的脚，让美国农民、企业和消费者一同承担代价。 在压力之下，特朗普开始打"补贴牌"。他声称将动用部分关税收入，用农业援助计划补贴受影响的农民，并强 调农民短期受损，但长期会受益。然而，现实并不乐观。关税导致进口成本上涨，最终转嫁给美国民众。而农 药、化肥等农业投入品本就依赖进口，加税后价格更高，农民的种植成本雪上加霜。滞销与成本齐升，让农民 陷入两难。 可以说，中国的反制措施精准击中美国要害，不仅在农产品进口上限制了美方，还在稀土等战略资源上让美国 左右为难。除非美方展现出足够诚意，拿出真正有竞争力的条件，否则想要重获中国市场几乎 ...

近段时间，来自阿根廷、巴西的大豆陆陆续续通过中国海关，美国豆农哭天抢地，但谁都没想到，比大豆先崩的，居然是美国的原油。 日前，阿根廷政府宣布暂时取消谷物、牛肉、家禽肉等农产品的出口预扣税。趁着这股政策红利，中国买家又订购了至少10船大豆，每船约6.5万吨，计划 11月装运。 第一个就是特朗普政府的政策，自他重返白宫，就喊出了"国家能源紧急状态"的口号，鼓励美国大幅增产页岩油，以"巩固能源主导地位"，但这一施政恰好 碰上了欧佩克增产，一时间，大量石油涌入市场，供过于求的结果就是油价下跌。据英国《金融时报》9月25日报道称，今年1月以来，美国基准原油西得克 萨斯中质原油（WTI）已下跌18%。美国页岩油本来被视作"能源独立"支柱行业，但特朗普一顿操作猛如虎，直接把美国的生产商给干趴下了。 第二个原因是中国买家不买了。中国海关总署的数据显示，今年前八个月，中国原油进口量合计3.76亿吨，较去年同期增长2.50%，但这当中从美国进口的 原油量却较去年同期缩减了62.8%，尤其是6、7、8这三个月，中国连续三个月都没进口美国的原油。再往前的3、4、5月，情况也差不多糟糕。彭博社7月3 日发表过一篇报道称，美国官方调查数 ...

美农民破大防！ 据外媒消息，往年9月份，美农民都会喜气洋洋，到农田收割大豆。因为这是我国买家开始下单的时 间。但今年情况出现了变化：自5月以来，中方没有购买过美一粒大豆。 根据记录，这是1998年之后，第一次没有购买美大豆。更令人扎心的是，在将大豆关税提高23%之后， 川普原本对农民所承诺的补贴，至今一毛钱都没有兑现。 川普想要用关税大棒吓唬人，结果先倒霉的是自己人。 中美之间的大豆博弈由来已久。 2001年之前，我国多次申请WTO均被美拒绝，原因之一就是美方要求我们开放粮食市场，我们不同 意。经过多轮谈判后，双方各退一步，我国用"开放大豆市场"的代价，换得了进入WTO的机会。 这时候，美就开始玩起了骚操作。 2003年，美农业部宣布因为旱情，连续4个月调低大豆的预期库存，大豆价格应声暴涨。次年3月，他们 再次宣布不会进行增产，大豆价格继续上涨。 中企害怕价格还会攀升，纷纷和美企签署高价采购合同。然而，等合同到手后，美农业部却话风一转， 表示之前大豆库存统计数据有误，实际上并不缺大豆。消息一出，大豆价格开启暴跌。 而刚签完合同的中企直接傻眼，要是按合同约定的高价采购那会亏的一塌糊涂，只好被迫违约，支付天 价违 ...

更让农民们担心的是就算现在和中国谈成了协议，也赶不上今年的大豆收获季了。 2025年第二季度中国从巴西、阿根廷等南美国家买的大豆总量超过了3000万吨，创下了新纪录，对美国大豆的需求降到了20年来最低，而特朗普政府却还在 坚持关税政策，认为虽然短期内会有影响，但最终美国农民会赚得更多，这种盲目乐观让农民们越来越焦虑。 这么一看墨西哥这次妥协，好像是"没办法才这样做"，但仔细琢磨其实他们根本没算清楚自己多依赖中国商品。 中国不买美国大豆了，美国农民急得提醒特朗普赶紧想办法，但美国国土安全部却坚持关税不能停，这到底说明了什么？ 根据最新报道美国新一季的大豆已经开始出口了，但卖给中国的订单却是零，和去年同期的情况完全不一样，同时美国国土安全部还明确表示，就算9月30 日后美国政府停摆，关税征收这些事也不会停。 一边是美国农民卖不出去大豆，生活压力越来越大，另一边是政府还在死撑关税政策，特朗普的贸易决策让美国陷入了两难境地，美国大豆协会主席拉格兰 甚至说这对美国农民来说简直是"五级火警"，非常紧急。 比如墨西哥最重要的汽车产业，出口到美国的整车里，有35%的零部件都是从中国买的，如果对中国零部件加税，汽车生产成本至少 ...

Group 1 - U.S. soybean farmers are facing an unprecedented crisis as China's market share for U.S. soybeans has plummeted from a peak of 34% to less than 5% [1] - The American Soybean Association has issued frequent distress signals as soybean prices continue to decline, with former President Trump calling for China to restore large-scale purchases of U.S. soybeans [1][16] - China's Ministry of Commerce has stated that the U.S. must first remove unreasonable tariffs to expand soybean trade, highlighting the core issue of the current U.S.-China trade deadlock [4] Group 2 - The imposition of a 25% retaliatory tariff by China on U.S. soybeans has led to a significant increase in costs, resulting in a projected 28% decline in U.S. soybean exports for 2024 and record-high inventory levels [6] - China has developed a global procurement network with Brazil as the primary supplier, accounting for over 85% of China's soybean imports from January to August 2025 [6][8] - China's self-sufficiency in soybeans has increased by nearly 7 percentage points in 2024, aided by new agricultural cooperation projects and reduced demand for soybeans in animal feed [8] Group 3 - The economic crisis in the U.S. soybean industry is evolving into a political crisis, with a 60% year-on-year decline in U.S. soybean exports to China expected in the second half of 2024, leading to a five-year low in Chicago soybean futures [10] - Bankruptcy applications among farmers in the Midwest have increased by 35%, putting pressure on Republican lawmakers as farmers express dissatisfaction and threaten to change their voting preferences [10][12] - The Trump administration faces a dilemma between maintaining high tariffs to protect U.S. industries and addressing the needs of the farming community, with $12 billion allocated in 2024 as agricultural subsidies [12] Group 4 - The resolution of the U.S.-China soybean trade deadlock hinges on the U.S. government's willingness to remove unreasonable tariffs, as emphasized by China's Ministry of Commerce [14] - The market dynamics suggest that political interventions will lead to mutual losses, and the key to restoring U.S. soybean exports to China lies in rational policy changes from the U.S. [14]

当今，中国和美国的贸易博弈无疑是一个引人入胜的话题。尤其是在美国大豆行业，事情的进展可谓波澜起伏。美国农民眼下正面临前所未有的市 场困境，而这一切都源于某位不愿放弃关税政策的总统——特朗普。 随着秋天的脚步悄然逼近，美国中西部的大豆田已经开始收割。但是，丰收的喜悦却被愁云惨淡覆盖，大量大豆如同无头苍蝇般堆积在仓库里，等 不及出货的农民们急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。根据最新数据，如今新一季的大豆出口已然启动，但令人吃惊的是，截至目前，还没有任何一批美国大豆 走向中国市场。这与去年同期中国已购买650万吨大豆的情景形成了鲜明的对比，真是让人唏嘘不已。 曾几何时，超过一半的美国大豆出口依赖中国这个庞大的市场。当中国决定暂停对美国产品的采购时，直接影响到的不只是数字，而是数以万计的 农民的生计。美国明尼苏达州大豆种植者协会主席达林·约翰逊表示："即使此刻与中国达成协议，也无济于事，错过的农时已经无法弥补。" 与此同时，中方的市场动作更是积极。巴西正在迎来前所未有的订单，而阿根廷也已迅速取消谷物出口税，仅在几天内，中国便下单了至少20艘船 大豆。这一系列举动让美国农民感受到了来自南美的强烈竞争压力。特朗普的关税政策，这把双刃剑 ...

从时间线来看，国际贸易流程复杂，运输、谈判、签约等环节耗时漫长，等一切尘埃落定，美国大豆可能早已错过最佳销售窗口。 更令美国豆农忧心的 是，中国正加速从阿根廷、巴西等国家采购大豆。数据显示，中国至今未像往年一样下单购买美国新产季的大豆，这是近30年来的首次。 中国市场对美国 大豆有多重要？ 大豆是美国出口量最大的农产品，占全国农产品出口总额的14%，而中国一直是其最大买家。2023年，中国进口了价值超过125亿美元的美 国大豆，而排名第二的欧盟采购额不足25亿美元，差距悬殊。 如今，失去中国订单的美国豆农正经历至暗时刻。许多农场主面临严重亏损，部分人甚至被 迫申请破产。 中国精准反制让美国尝到苦果，农民懊悔支持特朗普 中美之间持续数月的贸易博弈已进入白热化阶段，其中最受冲击的当属美国大豆产业。随着中国转向 南美市场，美国豆农正面临前所未有的生存危机。 错失黄金销售期，美国豆农陷入绝望 明尼苏达州大豆种植者协会主席约翰逊近日透露了一个残酷的现 实：即便中美近期达成贸易协议，也赶不上今年的收获季了。 特朗普的关税战反噬自身 这场危机与特朗普政府发起的对华关税战直接相关。尽管特朗普声称加征关税是为了保护美国利益，但 ...

Group 1 - The core issue is the significant decline in U.S. soybean exports to China, which has left American farmers in a difficult position as they face unsold inventory and financial losses [1][3][9] - The shift in China's purchasing strategy towards South America indicates a structural change in the agricultural export chain, moving away from reliance on U.S. agricultural products [6][8][21] - The U.S. government's insistence on maintaining tariffs, even amidst a potential government shutdown, reflects a rigid trade policy that fails to address the immediate needs of farmers and the agricultural sector [11][15][22] Group 2 - The ongoing trade tensions have led to a fundamental change in the U.S.-China trade relationship, with American farmers no longer able to rely on China as a primary market for their soybeans [9][24][26] - The economic pressures resulting from high tariffs have not only affected farmers but have also led to increased costs for small and medium-sized enterprises, contributing to a broader economic strain [17][19][24] - The lack of effective government response to the agricultural crisis has resulted in growing discontent among farmers, who feel abandoned by the policies that once supported them [13][24][30]

Group 1 - The core issue facing farmers in the Midwest is the lack of orders for soybeans from Chinese buyers, resulting in a significant surplus and financial distress for farmers [2] - Corn prices have dropped to historical lows, exacerbating the financial difficulties for farmers and leading to widespread economic distress in the agricultural sector [2] - The agricultural crisis is impacting logistics companies, with idle trucks and mass layoffs at storage facilities, alongside a sharp increase in non-performing loans at rural credit unions [2] Group 2 - The Midwest states, heavily affected by the agricultural crisis, are key swing states in the upcoming U.S. elections, making the situation politically significant [2] - The Trump administration's response to the crisis includes a promise of $60 billion in subsidies over the next decade, but these funds will not be available until 2026, leaving farmers feeling neglected [2] - China's firm stance against U.S. tariffs and the potential negative impact on bilateral cooperation projects highlight the ongoing trade tensions and their detrimental effects on U.S. farmers [3]

Core Insights - The U.S. soybean market is facing a crisis due to zero imports from China since April 2023, causing significant distress among American farmers and impacting political support for the Trump administration [1][2] - The U.S. government is exploring two main strategies to address the crisis: opening new markets and restarting agricultural subsidies [2][4] Group 1: Market Conditions - U.S. soybean exports to China have been stagnant, with farmers expressing frustration and calling for immediate government action [1] - China is the largest soybean importer globally, with an annual import volume of 105 million tons, of which 22 million tons are from the U.S. [2] - The loss of the Chinese market is projected to result in over $100 loss per acre for U.S. soybean farmers, even with potential subsidies [4] Group 2: Government Response - The U.S. government is attempting to diversify markets, but finding alternative buyers for the significant volume of soybeans previously exported to China is challenging [2] - Agricultural subsidies previously provided during the trade war are difficult to sustain due to high national debt and fiscal constraints [4] - The U.S. soybean industry is losing international competitiveness, with China imposing a 23% tariff on U.S. soybeans compared to only 3% on Brazilian and Argentine soybeans [4] Group 3: Industry Challenges - The crisis highlights contradictions in U.S. agricultural policy, where the government aims to maintain market share while also engaging in trade protectionism [5] - The U.S. agricultural sector is experiencing overproduction, exacerbated by government subsidies that encourage increased planting [5] - Environmental concerns are raised as U.S. agriculture contributes significantly to global greenhouse gas emissions, indicating a need for capacity reduction in the soybean industry [5]