中美关税大战短暂"熄火"后，中方留下的后手已经起到了作用，面对在稀土短缺的问题特朗普无计可施，只好给中国打来电话寻求更进一步的解除制裁。 01 中方稀土反制效果显著 在今年5月份，美国唯一稀土生产商MP Materials与沙特矿业紧急签署开发协议，企图构建"去中国化"供应链。但摆在它面前的一个残酷现实是全球92%的稀 土加工产能在中国，澳洲莱纳斯、巴西淡水河谷的新产能远水难救近火，完全不足以满足美国的稀土需求。 美国国防部曾扬言2027年建成完整供应链。然而现实的情况却击碎了这一幻想：美国摆脱中国稀土依赖至少需要十年，即便俄罗斯开放远东矿场，其开采成 本也是中国的三倍。 而由于美国在稀土精炼领域的技术落后中国整整20年，导致美国缺乏关键分离技术，这导致即便是美国本土开采的数万吨稀土矿石也不得不送往中国进行提 纯。 中国在稀土方面的管制，有着切身体会的就是美国的一众军工复合体。 5月12日中美双方发表《中美日内瓦经贸会谈联合声明》中提到了"暂停非关税反制措施"，这并不意味着中国对美国的稀土限制就会取消，中方取消的仅仅 只是4月2日之后的反制措施，在4月2日之前，镓、锗、钨等战略矿产管制并没有解除，因此对于美国 ...

问： 近日，许多国家对中国稀土出口管制措施表达关注，请问中方将采取哪些措施回应各方关切？ 商务部新闻发言人就中重稀土出口管制措施答记者问 校对： 王蔚 百万用户都在看 突发！俄罗斯，发动大规模袭击 大转向！外资，爆买！ 50%关税！刚刚，特朗普宣布！ 全面暂停！特朗普，签了！ 违法和不良信息举报电话：0755-83514034 邮箱：bwb@stcn.com 答： 稀土相关物项具有军民两用属性，对其实施出口管制符合国际通行做法。中国依法对稀土相关物项 实施出口管制，目的是更好维护国家安全和利益，履行防扩散等国际义务，体现了坚持维护世界和平与地 区稳定的一贯立场。 我们也注意到，随着机器人、新能源汽车等行业发展，各国对中重稀土在民用领域的需求量正持续增长。 中国作为负责任的大国，充分考虑各国在民用领域的合理需求与关切，依法依规对稀土相关物项出口许可 申请进行审查，已依法批准一定数量的合规申请，并将持续加强合规申请的审批工作。中方愿就此进一步 加强与相关国家的出口管制沟通对话，促进便利合规贸易。 来源：商务部 责编： 刘珺宇 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government emphasizes the necessity of export controls on rare earth elements to safeguard national security and fulfill international obligations, while also addressing the growing global demand for these materials in civilian applications [2][4]. Group 1: Export Control Measures - The Chinese Ministry of Commerce has implemented export controls on rare earth elements due to their dual-use nature, aligning with international practices [2]. - The purpose of these controls is to better protect national interests and security, as well as to comply with non-proliferation obligations [2]. - China is open to enhancing communication with other countries regarding export controls to facilitate compliant trade [2]. Group 2: International Relations and Trade Discussions - Recent discussions between Chinese Commerce Minister Wang Wentao and EU officials focused on urgent trade issues, including export controls on rare earths [4]. - Wang clarified China's export control policies and expressed willingness to expedite the approval process for compliant applications from the EU [4]. - The Chinese government is taking steps to combat smuggling of strategic minerals, including rare earths, as part of a broader initiative [4].

据商务部网站6月7日晚间消息，有记者提问：近日，许多国家对中国稀土出口管制措施表达关注，请问中方将采取哪些措施回应各方关切？ 对此，商务部新闻发言人表示，稀土相关物项具有军民两用属性，对其实施出口管制符合国际通行做法。中国依法对稀土相关物项实施出口管制，目的是更好维护 国家安全和利益，履行防扩散等国际义务，体现了坚持维护世界和平与地区稳定的一贯立场。 商务部新闻发言人就中重稀土出口管制措施答记者问。 商务部新闻发言人称， 我们也注意到，随着机器人、新能源汽车等行业发展，各国对中重稀土在民用领域的需求量正持续增长。中国作为负责任的大国，充分考虑 各国在民用领域的合理需求与关切，依法依规对稀土相关物项出口许可申请进行审查，已依法批准一定数量的合规申请，并将持续加强合规申请的审批工作。中方 愿就此进一步加强与相关国家的出口管制沟通对话，促进便利合规贸易。 据商务部网站早前消息，6月3日，商务部部长王文涛与 欧盟委员会贸易和经济安全委员 谢夫乔维奇在巴黎举行会谈。双方围绕欧盟对华电动汽车反补贴案、中国 对欧盟白兰地反倾销案、出口管制等 紧迫而重要的议题进行了专注、坦诚、深入的讨论，并责成双方工作团队加紧努力工作，为中 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government emphasizes the necessity of export controls on rare earth elements due to their dual-use nature, aiming to safeguard national security and fulfill international obligations while maintaining a commitment to global peace and regional stability [1] Group 1: Export Control Measures - The Chinese government has implemented export controls on rare earth elements, aligning with international practices to protect national interests [1] - The purpose of these controls is to better maintain national security and fulfill non-proliferation obligations [1] - China is open to enhancing communication and dialogue with relevant countries regarding export control measures to facilitate compliant trade [1] Group 2: Demand for Rare Earth Elements - There is a growing demand for medium and heavy rare earth elements in civilian sectors, driven by the development of industries such as robotics and electric vehicles [1] - China, as a responsible major power, considers the reasonable needs and concerns of other countries in the civilian sector when reviewing export license applications [1] - A certain number of compliant applications for rare earth exports have already been approved, with a commitment to continue strengthening the review process for compliance applications [1]

最近中国明确警告韩国，如果再把从中国进口的稀土加工成产品卖给美国军工企业及受到中国制裁的企业，那中国就会对韩国进行制裁，说白了中国就是 要用稀土对美国军工科技进行精准锁喉。 然后中国已经在稀土磁体行业启用追踪系统，新系统要求出口商列出具体的客户名称以及交易量，而且必须提前申请稀土出口许可证，美国如果想通过一 些国家进行转口贸易也没有可能了。 中国凭借着产业链的优势就在这里埋伏着呢，因为这边的镓很便宜，不管美国那么怎么玩，成本几十倍都不止，所以中国现在只是管制而不是完全禁掉， 只要稍微放点镓出去冲击市场，那美国的产业链立马就崩溃掉。 相当于美国投入巨大最终也只能做军工这一块的生意，真就是为了一碟醋弄了几盘饺子出来，到头来还不一定有人吃，所以美国要不要投入就是他们的事 了，反正我们是卡着呢。 美国现在急得很就是因为库存很快就要用光了，然后国外很多产业也因为稀土零部件断供开始在本国停产，然后搬到中国来生产，你说特斯拉可以在中国 生产，但F35可没法搬到中国来生产。 美国就是认为自己可以禁高端芯片、禁光刻机等等，却指责中国将"资源武器化"，既然想搞封锁那大家就对等搞呗，反正现在全球稀土精炼90%的产能都 在中国，而且 ...

Core Viewpoint - China's export control measures on rare earths are seen as a response to international norms, while Western companies express concerns over a "rare earth crisis," misinterpreting it as a trade weapon against the U.S. [1] Group 1: China's Dominance in Rare Earths - China holds a dominant position in the global rare earth processing sector, controlling over 92% of the processing stage and more than 60% of global rare earth production in 2023 [4][2] - The U.S. Geological Survey reported that from 2020 to 2023, 70% of the rare earth compounds and metals imported by the U.S. came from China [4] - Analysts indicate that despite Australia having rich mineral reserves, it is not prepared to challenge China's dominance in rare earth processing [1][4] Group 2: Australia's Response and Challenges - Australian Prime Minister Albanese pledged to invest AUD 1.2 billion (approximately CNY 5.6 billion) to establish a strategic reserve for critical minerals, including rare earths [1] - Australia is the largest producer of lithium and cobalt, but its refining and export capabilities for rare earths remain limited [6][4] - Experts warn that even with increased investment, Australia will still rely on China for rare earth processing until at least 2026 [6][4] Group 3: Implications of Export Controls - China's recent export controls on key minerals, including gallium and germanium, could impact U.S. military production across over 1,000 weapon systems [4][6] - Analysts suggest that if Australia aligns too closely with Western interests, it may expose its weaknesses in rare earth processing to Chinese retaliation [6][7] - The introduction of a tracking system for rare earth exports by China aims to monitor production and trade, indicating a tightening of control over the sector [7]

答：王文涛部长向欧方进一步澄清了中国出口管制政策，强调对稀土等物项实施出口管制是国际通行做 法，中方高度重视欧方关切，愿对符合条件的申请建立绿色通道，加快审批，并指示工作层就此保持及时 沟通。王文涛部长提出，希望欧方相向而行，采取有效措施，便利、保障和促进高技术产品对华合规贸 易。 问：电动汽车反补贴案的价格承诺磋商是否有新的进展？能否介绍最新情况？ 答：王文涛部长与谢夫乔 维奇委员围绕电动汽车案进行了专业、深入的讨论，推动该案向妥善解决的正确方向又迈进了一大步。目 前，中欧双方电动汽车案价格承诺磋商进入最后阶段，但仍需双方努力。欧方提出可同时探讨新的技术路 径，中方将从法律和技术层面对欧方提议的可行性进行评估。双方指示工作层加紧努力，以符合各自法律 规定和世贸组织规则的方式，找到双方均可接受的解决方案，妥善解决贸易分歧。 问：我们注意到，中欧双方讨论了稀土出口管制议题，能否介绍一些最新情况？ 据商务部官网，商务部新闻发言人就王文涛部长赴法国期间与欧盟委员会贸易和经济安全委员谢夫乔维奇 会谈答记者问。 ...

【文/观察者网 齐倩】中方出台稀土出口管制措施，符合国际通行做法，不针对任何特定国家。但随着 管制影响显现，美国等西方企业生产遇阻，一些西媒开始炒作所谓"稀土武器化"。 6月6日，路透社援引分析称，稀土成为中方"一种更好、更有针对性的贸易战武器"，而这一战略属于以 其人之道还治其人之身，效仿了美国长期以来的、剑指中国的出口管制政策。同时有美西方企业担忧， 中方建构的出口许可制度，将使全球稀土供应链在中国眼中无所遁形。 今年4月，当美国总统特朗普对华加征畸高关税后，中方迅速出手反制，包括对一系列关键矿产和稀土 磁铁实施出口管制。有业内人士透露，中方正在建立出口许可制度。 路透社日前援引消息报道称，随着出台出口管制政策，中国已对稀土磁铁行业引入了跟踪系统。知情人 士透露，中方的追踪系统已于上周生效——要求生产商在线提交包括交易量和客户名称在内的额外信 息。 "这表明，中国已经设计出一种更好、更有针对性的贸易战武器，"报道称，行业高管和分析师表示，中 国有迹象表明将批准更多出口，但不会取消其这一体系。中国的出口许可证制度仿照美国，使其能够前 所未有地深入了解从电动汽车发动机到导弹飞行控制系统等领域的供应商瓶颈。 产 ...

Group 1 - China has quietly tightened the approval process for rare earth exports, leading to production halts in multiple automotive production lines in Europe and signaling distress from the U.S. pharmaceutical industry [1][5] - China controls over 92% of the global refined rare earth production, and 80% of the raw materials for amoxicillin sold in the U.S. come from China, indicating a significant dependency on Chinese exports [1][5] - The tightening of rare earth export approvals has created waves in the high-tech manufacturing sector in Europe and the U.S., as rare earths are essential for national development and technological advancement [3][4] Group 2 - The U.S. pharmaceutical supply chain is heavily reliant on China, with experts warning that any restrictions from China could lead to a critical shortage of medications in the U.S. [5][8] - Historical context shows that the U.S. has been aware of its dependency on Chinese imports, with previous administrations attempting to investigate and address the vulnerabilities in the pharmaceutical sector [7][8] - Rebuilding the U.S. pharmaceutical supply chain is projected to take at least five years, highlighting the complexity and time required to establish domestic production capabilities [7][8] Group 3 - The U.S. is also aware of China's leverage in other critical sectors, including rare metals, photovoltaic components, batteries, and new materials, which could further impact the U.S. economy if restrictions are imposed [10] - As China's overall strength continues to grow, it is recognized as a key player in the global supply chain, with potential disruptions having far-reaching consequences for the international market [10]