2025年12月25日 国泰君安期货商品研究晨报-黑色系列 观点与策略 | 铁矿石：高位反复 | 2 | | --- | --- | | 螺纹钢：宽幅震荡 | 3 | | 热轧卷板：宽幅震荡 | 3 | | 硅铁：市场信息扰动，宽幅震荡 | 5 | | 锰硅：市场信息扰动，宽幅震荡 | 5 | | 焦炭：震荡反复 | 7 | | 焦煤：震荡反复 | 7 | | 原木：低位震荡 | 9 | 国 泰 君 安 期 货 研 究 请务必阅读正文之后的免责条款部分 1 期货研究 商 品 研 究 所 商 品 研 究 2025 年 12 月 25 日 国 泰 君 安 期 货 研 究 所 【基本面跟踪】 铁矿石基本面数据 | | | | 昨日收盘价(元/吨) | 涨跌(元/吨) | 涨跌幅 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 期货 | | | 779.5 | 1.0 | 0.13% | | | I 2605 | | | 昨日持仓(手) | 持仓变动(手) | | | | | | 553.717 | -317 | | | | | 昨日价格(元/吨) | 前日价格(元/吨) | 涨跌 ...

Price Performance - CPI shows a continuous decline in pork prices, while fruit and vegetable prices are on the rise, with a recent increase of 0.71%[2] - PPI indicates rising prices for crude oil and non-ferrous metals, with WTI prices increasing by 4.39%[2] Domestic Macro - Demand Side - Consumer demand is slightly cooling, with retail sales of passenger cars declining by 3.8% year-on-year[3] - External demand is also weakening, as indicated by a 16.9% month-on-month drop in the Baltic Dry Index (BDI)[3] Domestic Macro - Production Side - Production continues to decline, with a decrease of 1.53 percentage points in the industrial production index[3] - Real estate and infrastructure investment is also on a downward trend, with a decline of 2.46 percentage points[3] Fiscal Policy - The fiscal policy for next year is expected to remain proactive, with a focus on stimulating economic growth[4] - The recent Central Economic Work Conference has set a relatively positive tone for future economic policies[4] Monetary and Liquidity Conditions - The yield curve for government bonds has slightly shifted downwards, indicating a potential easing of monetary policy[4] - SHIBOR rates have shown minor fluctuations, with the 7-day SHIBOR at 1.4510%, up by 4 basis points[4] International Macro and Market - The Federal Reserve has lowered interest rates by 25 basis points, with a dovish tone from Chairman Powell[4] - Market expectations indicate a potential for further rate cuts, with probabilities for rates below 2.5% increasing significantly[4]

Report Overview - Report Date: August 13, 2025 [1][8][12][16][19][20] - Report Source: Guotai Junan Futures Research Institute - Covered Commodities: Iron ore, rebar, hot-rolled coil, ferrosilicon, silicomanganese, coke, coking coal, and logs Industry Investment Ratings - No specific industry investment ratings are provided in the report. Core Views - Iron ore: Expected to fluctuate repeatedly [2][7] - Rebar and hot-rolled coil: Market sentiment remains strong, with wide-range fluctuations [2][8] - Ferrosilicon and silicomanganese: Expected to experience wide-range fluctuations [2][12] - Coke and coking coal: Expected to show a moderately strong upward trend [2][16] - Logs: Expected to fluctuate repeatedly [2][19] Summary by Commodity Iron Ore - **Fundamental Data**: The previous day's closing price was 807.5 yuan/ton, up 11 yuan or 1.38%. Open interest decreased by 41,863 lots to 230,026 lots. Imported ore prices rose, with the price of Carajás fines (65%) increasing by 9 yuan to 888 yuan/ton [5]. - **Macro and Industry News**: Starting from 12:01 on August 12, 2025, the additional tariff measures on US imports will be adjusted, with the 24% additional tariff rate suspended for 90 days, while the 10% rate will be retained [6]. - **Trend Intensity**: 0 (neutral) [6] Rebar and Hot-Rolled Coil - **Fundamental Data**: The closing prices of RB2510 and HC2510 were 3,258 yuan/ton and 3,484 yuan/ton, up 0.96% and 1.40% respectively. Rebar open interest decreased by 7,237 lots, while hot-rolled coil open interest increased by 6,551 lots. Spot prices in major cities generally rose [8]. - **Macro and Industry News**: In late July 2025, the steel inventory of key steel enterprises decreased by 5.6% month-on-month. In July, automobile production and sales decreased month-on-month but increased year-on-year. In late July, the daily average production of crude steel decreased by 7.4% month-on-month, while the daily average production of steel increased by 0.5% month-on-month [9][10]. - **Trend Intensity**: 1 (moderately strong) for both rebar and hot-rolled coil [10] Ferrosilicon and Silicomanganese - **Fundamental Data**: The closing prices of ferrosilicon 2509 and 2510 were 5,820 yuan/ton and 5,812 yuan/ton, down 10 yuan and 8 yuan respectively. The closing prices of silicomanganese 2509 and 2510 were 6,110 yuan/ton and 6,124 yuan/ton, up 10 yuan and 12 yuan respectively. The price of manganese ore increased by 0.3 yuan/ton degree to 40.5 yuan/ton degree [12]. - **Macro and Industry News**: On August 12, the prices of ferrosilicon and silicomanganese in different regions were reported. Some steel mills' ferrosilicon and silicomanganese procurement prices increased [13]. - **Trend Intensity**: 0 (neutral) for both ferrosilicon and silicomanganese [15] Coke and Coking Coal - **Fundamental Data**: The closing prices of JM2509 and J2509 were 1,162.5 yuan/ton and 1,730 yuan/ton, up 5.1% and 2.9% respectively. Open interest decreased for both. Spot prices of coking coal and coke were mostly stable [16]. - **Macro and Industry News**: Starting from 12:01 on August 12, 2025, the additional tariff measures on US imports will be adjusted, with the 24% additional tariff rate suspended for 90 days, while the 10% rate will be retained [18]. - **Trend Intensity**: 0 (neutral) for both coke and coking coal [18] Logs - **Fundamental Data**: The closing prices of the 2509, 2511, and 2601 contracts showed slight fluctuations. Trading volume and open interest also showed different trends. Spot prices in the Shandong and Jiangsu markets were mostly stable [20]. - **Macro and Industry News**: Starting from 12:01 on August 12, 2025, the additional tariff measures on US imports will be adjusted, with the 24% additional tariff rate suspended for 90 days, while the 10% rate will be retained [22]. - **Trend Intensity**: 1 (moderately strong) [22]

Summary of Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The focus is on the black commodities market, particularly coking coal and iron ore, with discussions on macroeconomic policies and their impacts on supply and demand dynamics in 2025 compared to 2015 [1][2][4][5]. Key Points and Arguments Market Dynamics - The black commodities market is experiencing a rebound driven by valuation and increased positions, with coking coal leading the charge after a prolonged bear market [2][5]. - The domestic "anti-involution" policy aims to stabilize prices through administrative production cuts in response to external demand pressures, which has led to a reduction in short positions and subsequent price increases [1][5]. - The iron ore market is currently neutral, lacking significant upward drivers, with limited price support from supply-demand fundamentals [6][29]. Coking Coal Insights - Coking coal has seen a price rebound, but there is uncertainty regarding whether it has reached its bottom, with discussions on long-term pricing strategies for the third and fourth quarters [3][7][17]. - The cost structure indicates that the industry faces losses if prices fall below approximately 850 RMB, suggesting a critical price point for sustainability [17]. Macroeconomic Influences - U.S. policies are expected to significantly impact the industrial commodities market, with a shift from tightening measures in the first half of 2025 to potential economic stimulus in the latter half [4][10]. - The "Great Beautiful Act" has implications for U.S. fiscal policy, increasing the deficit and potentially affecting risk asset valuations due to rising debt issuance [11][12]. Supply Chain and Pricing Strategies - The supply of coking coal and coke is under scrutiny, with recent price increases attributed to marginal improvements in supply-demand dynamics and environmental regulations affecting production [19][20]. - The market is currently experiencing a speculative atmosphere, with concerns about the sustainability of recent price increases as supply begins to recover [19][23]. Future Outlook - The outlook for iron ore and related commodities suggests a potential rebound after a period of weakness, with expectations of reduced production in September due to national events, followed by a likely recovery in demand [32]. - The overall sentiment in the black commodities market remains cautious, with a focus on monitoring macroeconomic indicators and potential shifts in government policy that could influence market dynamics [21][28]. Additional Important Content - The distinction between "anti-involution" and supply-side reforms highlights the reliance on industry self-regulation rather than top-down administrative measures, complicating the predictability of production cuts [8]. - The current macroeconomic environment is characterized by manageable risks, low inventory levels, and low valuations, which support upward price movements in the commodities market [9]. - The sentiment-driven nature of the market suggests that any cooling of investor enthusiasm could lead to a rapid decline in prices, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a cautious investment approach [26][28].