| 林小春 | 投资咨询从业资格号：Z0000526 | linxiaochun@gtht.com | | --- | --- | --- | | 李亚飞 | 投资咨询从业资格号：Z0021184 | liyafei2@gtht.com | | 张广硕 | 投资咨询从业资格号：Z0020198 | zhangguangshuo@gtht.com | | 金园园 | （联系人）从业资格号：F03134630 | jinyuanyuan2@gtht.com | 2025年10月12日 Guotai Junan Futures all rights reserved, please do not reprint CONTENTS 国泰君安期货-黑色金属周报合集 国泰君安期货研究所 黑色金属团队 1、钢材观点：弱现实叠加预期转弱，钢价小幅回调 2、铁矿周度观点：宏观风偏显著回调，估值承压 3、煤焦周度观点：宏观预期反复，或延续弱势震荡 4、铁合金观点：市场观望情绪浓厚，合金价格走势震荡 Special report on Guotai Junan Futures 2 螺纹钢&热轧卷板周度报告 黑色高级分析师：李亚飞 ...

黑色高级分析师：李亚飞 投资咨询号：Z0021184 日期：2025年10月12日 Guotai Junan Futures all rights reserved, please do not reprint 螺纹&热卷观点：弱现实叠加预期转弱，钢价小幅回调 螺纹钢&热轧卷板周度报告 国内宏观：供给端投资下滑，期待需求端发力 资料来源 Mysteel 、iFind Wind 富宝资讯：、国泰君安期货研究所 资料来源：Mysteel、iFind、Wind、富宝资讯、国泰君安期货研究所 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 2022/01 2022/05 2022/09 2023/01 2023/05 2023/09 2024/01 2024/05 2024/09 2025/01 2025/05 2025/09 元/吨 螺纹主连 Special report on Guotai Junan Futures 3 | 2025/10/10 | | 供应（万吨） | | | 需求（万吨） | | | 库存 | | 现货 | 主力 | 01-05 | 现货 | 盘面 | | --- | ...

Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the report Core Viewpoints - In September 2025, the traditional peak season demand for steel was lower than expected, with weak consumption of rebar and high inventory levels. Although the production of rebar decreased slightly, the inventory only decreased marginally, and the overall level was still significantly higher than the same period last year. For hot-rolled coils, domestic demand was weak due to the slowdown in exports, and the inventory pressure further accumulated due to continuous high production. As the peak season was more than half over, the terminal demand recovered slowly, and the overall demand structure remained weak. The export performance was sluggish, with significant regional structural differentiation. Overall, the steel market in September did not show the characteristics of a peak season, with weak demand and high inventory coexisting, and the futures price continued to be weak. As the peak season was approaching the end, there was still no substantial improvement in demand, and the pressure of inventory accumulation remained high. Attention should be paid to the progress of export improvement and the trends of macro - policies such as the Fourth Plenary Session [11][12][13] Summary by Directory 1. Monthly Assessment and Strategy Recommendation - **Valuation**: In September 2025, the average profitability rate of steel mills was 59.25%, a decline from the previous month. The immediate profit of long - process (blast furnace) rebar in East China was about - 17 yuan/ton, and the electric - arc furnace profit was about - 49 yuan/ton. The price showed a weak and volatile trend, and both long - process and short - process production were in the loss range, with the overall profitability of steel mills declining [11] - **Supply**: In September 2025, the production of rebar was 8.4352 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 773,800 tons; the production of hot - rolled coils was 12.9006 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 798,500 tons. The daily average production of hot metal was 2.38 million tons, slightly lower than the previous month but still at a high level. Overall, the steel production remained at a high level, and the supply of both rebar and hot - rolled coils increased compared with the same period last year, with relatively large supply - side pressure [11] - **Demand**: In September 2025, the apparent consumption of rebar was 8.3061 million tons, a year - on - year decrease of 1.1578 million tons, with significantly weak demand and the characteristics of the traditional peak season not yet appearing. For hot - rolled coils, the apparent consumption was 12.7502 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 226,300 tons, with overall neutral - to - weak demand. Affected by the weakening of exports and the slowdown in the growth of downstream industries such as home appliances and automobiles, although the demand for hot - rolled coils was resilient, it still lacked continuous bright spots [11] - **Inventory**: As of the end of September, the inventory of rebar was 6.363 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 2.2084 million tons, with significantly increased inventory pressure; the inventory of hot - rolled coils was 3.805 million tons, a year - on - year decrease of 191,300 tons, with a relatively fast inventory growth rate and obvious current inventory accumulation. Overall, both rebar and hot - rolled coils continued to accumulate inventory, and there was still pressure on the overall steel de - stocking [11] 2. Spot and Futures Market - Multiple charts are provided to show the price, trading volume, price difference, and basis of rebar and hot - rolled coils in different regions and contracts, as well as the price difference between different types of steel products such as cold - rolled, hot - rolled, color - coated, and galvanized steel coils, reflecting the price trends and relationships in the steel spot and futures markets [25][27][30] 3. Profit and Inventory - Multiple charts are presented to show the disk profit, gross profit per ton, and inventory of rebar, hot - rolled coils, cold - rolled coils, etc., as well as the profit of blast furnaces and electric - arc furnaces for rebar, reflecting the profit and inventory status of the steel industry [79][81][91] 4. Cost End - Charts are provided to show the ratios of rebar to iron ore and coke futures, daily average production of hot metal and crude steel, prices of billets, scrap steel, etc., as well as the consumption and cumulative consumption of scrap steel, reflecting the cost - related factors in the steel production process [110][113][116] 5. Supply End - Charts show the production, production capacity utilization rate, and cumulative year - on - year production of rebar and hot - rolled coils, reflecting the supply - side situation of the steel industry [132][135][138] 6. Demand and Import - Export - Charts show the apparent consumption and cumulative year - on - year consumption of rebar and hot - rolled coils, as well as the production and export volume of home appliances such as refrigerators, washing machines, and air conditioners, and the import and export volume of steel products including rebar, plates, etc., reflecting the demand and import - export situation of the steel industry [144][147][149]

热轧卷板周度数据（20251010） | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 黑色金属研究员 涂伟华 | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | | | | | | | 本周值 | | | 环比变化 | | 上月末值 | | | | 本月变化 | | | 同期值 | | | | | | 同期变化 | | 供给 | | | | | | 周度产量 | | | 323.29 | | -1.40 | | | 324.69 | | | | -1.40 | | | 308.19 | | | 15.10 | | | | | | | | | 高炉产能利用率（%） | | | | 90.55 | | -0.10 | | | 90.65 | | | | -0.10 | ...

| | | | | | | | | FER TAX FER | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | | | | | | | 2025/10/10 | 国贸期货出品 TG国贸期货 | | | | | | | | | | | | | 投资咨询业务资格:证监许可[2012] 31号 | | | | | | | | | | | | | 黑色金属研究中心 执业证号 | 投资咨询证号 | | | | | | | | | | | | 张宝慧 F0286636 | Z0010820 | | | | | | | | | | | | 黄志鸿 F3051824 | Z0015761 | | | | | | | | | | | | 董子勖 F03094002 | Z0020036 | | | | | | | | | | | | 薛夏泽 F03117750 | Z0022680 | | | | 远月合约收盘价 | | RB2605 | HC2605 | 12605 | J2605 | JM2605 | ...

本报告中的信息均来源于公开可获得资料，瑞达期货股份有限公司力求准确可靠，但对这些信息的准确性及完整性不做任何保证，据此投资，责任 自负。本报告不构成个人投资建议，客户应考虑本报告中的任何意见或建议是否符合其特定状况。本报告版权仅为我公司所有，未经书面许可，任 何机构和个人不得以任何形式翻版、复制和发布。如引用、刊发，需注明出处为瑞达期货股份有限公司研究院，且不得对本报告进行有悖原意的引 用、删节和修改。 免责声明 热轧卷板产业链日报 2025/10/9 研究员: 蔡跃辉 期货从业资格号F0251444 期货投资咨询从业证书号Z0013101 | 项目类别 | 数据指标 | 最新 | 环比 数据指标 | 最新 | 环比 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 期货市场 | HC 主力合约收盘价(元/吨) | 3,286 | +33↑ HC 主力合约持仓量(手) | 1374586 | +24718↑ | | | HC 合约前20名净持仓(手) | -23,217 | +21390↑ HC1-5合约价差(元/吨) | -7 | -1↓ | | | HC 上期所仓单日报( ...

2025 年 10 月 9 日 请务必阅读正文之后的免责条款部分 1 国 泰 君 安 期 货 研 究 所 | 螺纹钢：关注电炉减产节奏，宽幅震荡 | | --- | 热轧卷板：关注电炉减产节奏，宽幅震荡 李亚飞 投资咨询从业资格号：Z0021184 liyafei2@gtht.com 金园园（联系人） 期货从业资格号：F03134630 jinyuanyuan2@gtht.com 【基本面跟踪】 螺纹钢、热轧卷板基本面数据 | | | 昨日收盘价 （元/吨） | 涨跌 （元/吨） | 涨跌幅 （%） | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | RB2601 HC2601 | 3,072 3,253 | -35 -51 | -1.13 -1.54 | | 期 货 | | | | | | | | 昨日成交 （手） | 昨日持仓 （手） | 持仓变动 （手） | | | RB2601 | 959,828 | 1,873,832 | -52,807 | | | HC2601 | 511,111 | 1,349,868 | -34,602 | | | | 昨日价格 （元/吨） | 前日价 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating There is no information provided regarding the report industry investment rating in the given content. 2. Core Views of the Report - The Fed may further ease monetary policy this year, which has an impact on various financial and commodity markets [1][11]. - During the National Day holiday, the cross - regional passenger flow in China increased by 6.2% year - on - year, and Chinese equity assets rose slightly but underperformed globally [2]. - The supply side is the key factor affecting the price trends of various commodities, and different commodities face different supply and demand situations [3][4][5]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Financial News and Reviews 3.1.1 Macro Strategy (Gold) - Trump announced that Israel and Hamas signed the first phase of the peace plan, and the Fed's meeting minutes indicated that further easing might be appropriate this year [10][11]. - Gold prices rose to a record high of $4059 and then fell back, increasing by about 5% during the holiday due to risk - aversion sentiment. Short - term, the positive factors are fully priced, and there is a risk of a pullback [11]. - Investment advice: Be cautious of the risk of a decline due to long - position profit - taking after the price hits a new high [12]. 3.1.2 Macro Strategy (Foreign Exchange Futures - US Dollar Index) - Macron plans to appoint a new prime minister, Trump said Israel and Hamas reached an agreement on hostage release and troop withdrawal, and the Fed's interest - rate meeting minutes showed internal differences on the number of interest - rate cuts [13][14][15]. - The US dollar index will fluctuate in the short term, and the market's risk appetite continues to rise [16][17]. - Investment advice: The US dollar index will remain volatile in the short term [18]. 3.1.3 Macro Strategy (US Stock Index Futures) - Meta and Apple are about to reach a settlement with the EU Commission on antitrust cases, and the US Senate rejected the bipartisan temporary appropriation bill again [19][20]. - The Fed's meeting minutes showed internal differences among officials, but the market's optimistic sentiment towards AI and interest - rate cuts remains high, and the market is expected to remain strong [21]. - Investment advice: The US stock market is expected to maintain a strong trend after a small adjustment [22]. 3.1.4 Macro Strategy (Stock Index Futures) - China's Ambassador to the US called for expanding China - US cooperation, and the cross - regional passenger flow during the National Day holiday increased by 6.2% year - on - year [23][24]. - Chinese equity assets rose slightly during the holiday but underperformed globally. The market is still in a structural pattern, and the rhythm is more important than the position [25][26]. - Investment advice: The market is in a structural pattern, and rhythm is more important than position [26]. 3.1.5 Macro Strategy (Treasury Bond Futures) - The manufacturing PMI in September was 49.8%, and the central bank conducted a 7 - day reverse repurchase operation of 2422 billion yuan [27][28]. - The bond market is expected to fluctuate in the first half of October and may strengthen after the 14th Five - Year Plan policies are implemented [28]. - Investment advice: The bond market is expected to fluctuate and bottom out in the short term. Short - term trading should be cautious, and medium - term long positions can be considered on dips [28]. 3.2 Commodity News and Reviews 3.2.1 Agricultural Products (Soybean Oil/Rapeseed Oil/Palm Oil) - Indonesia is about to start the B50 road test [29]. - During the holiday, Malaysian palm oil led the rise in the overseas oil market. The market predicts that Malaysia's palm oil inventory will decline slightly in September [30]. - Investment advice: The domestic market is expected to make up for the rise after the holiday, but be cautious of a pullback after a high opening. In the long - term, go long after the clear signal of production reduction in the producing areas in the fourth quarter [30]. 3.2.2 Black Metals (Steam Coal) - The safety inspection in the Ordos steam coal market remains strict, and the coal price is expected to remain weak seasonally in October [31]. - Investment advice: The coal price is expected to remain weak in October, and pay attention to the policy game after the long - term agreement price [31]. 3.2.3 Black Metals (Iron Ore) - Japan's Nippon Steel and Champion Iron are promoting the Kami iron ore project [32]. - During the holiday, the iron ore price fluctuated narrowly around $104. The downstream finished - product market was weak, and the iron ore price is expected to continue to fluctuate narrowly [32][33]. - Investment advice: The iron ore price is expected to continue to fluctuate narrowly [33]. 3.2.4 Agricultural Products (Soybean Meal) - In September, China's soybean imports and crushing volume decreased month - on - month, and the US soybean old - crop inventory as of September 1 was lower than expected [34][35]. - The Brazilian soybean sowing progress reached 8.2% as of October 4. The CBOT soybean price rose slightly during the holiday. The US government shutdown suspended the release of relevant reports [37]. - Investment advice: The soybean meal price is expected to fluctuate temporarily, and Sino - US relations are the main influencing factor [37]. 3.2.5 Black Metals (Rebar/Hot - Rolled Coil) - The EU plans to impose a 50% tariff on steel imports outside the quota [40]. - During the holiday, the overseas metal prices rose slightly, and the steel price is expected to rise slightly after the holiday, but the inventory accumulation during the holiday will suppress the spot price. Pay attention to the terminal demand [40]. - Investment advice: Treat the market with a range - bound mindset after the holiday and pay attention to the demand intensity [41]. 3.2.6 Agricultural Products (Red Dates) - The red date price in the Guangzhou Ruyifang market was stable, and the futures price of the main contract CJ601 fell [42]. - The supply in Xinjiang is normal, and the demand in the north - south distribution areas is stable. The new - season output and old - crop inventory are still being debated [42]. - Investment advice: Hold a wait - and - see attitude or conduct short - term operations in the short term, and pay attention to the fruit development in the producing areas and downstream consumption [42]. 3.2.7 Non - Ferrous Metals (Copper) - The ICSG predicts that the global copper mine production will increase by 1.4% in 2025 and 2.3% in 2026, and there will be a supply surplus in 2025 and a shortage in 2026 [43][44]. - Teck Resources lowered its copper production forecast for its Chilean flagship mine, and Aurubis raised the European copper premium for 2026 [45][46]. - Investment advice: Adopt a long - position strategy unilaterally, and pay attention to the domestic - foreign positive arbitrage [47]. 3.2.8 Non - Ferrous Metals (Lead) - The resumption of production of a small lead - zinc mine in Fujian was postponed to the end of October [48]. - The supply of lead has improved, and the demand is stable. The Shanghai lead price may fluctuate upward [50]. - Investment advice: Go long on dips unilaterally and pay attention to the positive arbitrage of the monthly spread [50]. 3.2.9 Non - Ferrous Metals (Zinc) - 29Metals withdrew its zinc production guidance due to an earthquake, and the resumption of production of a small lead - zinc mine in Fujian was postponed to the end of October [51][52]. - The LME zinc price is supported, and the domestic zinc export window may open. The inventory is expected to rise after the holiday [53]. - Investment advice: Adopt a wait - and - see attitude unilaterally, and pay attention to the medium - term positive arbitrage opportunity brought by the opening of the export window [53]. 3.2.10 Non - Ferrous Metals (Polysilicon) - The expansion project of Xinjiang Dongfang Hope New Energy Co., Ltd.'s polysilicon plant is under environmental protection acceptance [54][55]. - The polysilicon price may remain flat, and the component price is expected to fluctuate in the short term [55][56]. - Investment advice: The market may fluctuate widely between 49,000 - 55,000 yuan/ton in October. Pay attention to the range - bound operation opportunities [57]. 3.2.11 Non - Ferrous Metals (Industrial Silicon) - The SASAC called for抵制 "involution - style" competition [58]. - The inventory of industrial silicon is expected to accumulate slightly in September - October and decrease slightly in November - December [59]. - Investment advice: It is more cost - effective to go long on dips, but be cautious when chasing the price [59]. 3.2.12 Non - Ferrous Metals (Nickel) - Indonesia will re - implement the annual RKAB system in 2026 [60]. - During the holiday, the LME nickel price was strong. The nickel ore price is expected to rise, and the nickel iron and intermediate product prices are expected to remain strong, but the refined nickel inventory is under pressure [61]. - Investment advice: Conduct range - bound trading in the short term, and go long at low levels from a configuration perspective [62]. 3.2.13 Energy and Chemicals (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) - Saudi Arabia's October CP official prices fell, and the US C3 inventory decreased [63][64]. - The PG price is expected to be easy to rise and difficult to fall in the short term. Pay attention to the start - stop changes of PDH plants after the import cost drops [64]. - Investment advice: Pay attention to the start - stop changes of PDH plants after the import cost drops [64]. 3.2.14 Energy and Chemicals (Crude Oil) - Russia will gradually increase oil production, and the US EIA crude oil inventory increased [65][66]. - International oil prices rebounded after falling during the holiday. The release of supply by oil - producing countries is the key factor affecting the price [66]. - Investment advice: The decline of oil prices depends on whether the supply of oil - producing countries can be effectively released [67]. 3.2.15 Energy and Chemicals (Bottle Chips) - The export prices of bottle chip factories were mostly stable, with some slight decreases [68][69]. - The polyester raw material prices fell, and the bottle chip prices were under pressure. The demand is expected to be weak in the long term [70]. - Investment advice: The absolute price of bottle chips is at a low level, and the inventory of factories has decreased. Pay attention to the sustainability of production cuts and new capacity launches [70]. 3.2.16 Shipping Index (Container Freight Rate) - Maersk said that the freight volume from China to Latin America and Africa has increased [71]. - During the National Day holiday, the spot index fell below 1050, and the short - term market may be weak. Pay attention to the low - buying opportunities after the over - decline of the 12 - contract [71]. - Investment advice: Pay attention to the low - buying opportunities after the over - decline of the 12 - contract [72].

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the steel industry [6]. Core Insights - Demand is expected to gradually stabilize, and the inventory levels are decreasing, indicating a potential recovery in the steel industry [3][6]. - The report highlights that the supply-side adjustments are beginning to take effect, with a significant portion of steel companies still operating at a loss, which may lead to a market-clearing process [3][6]. Summary by Sections 1. Steel Market Overview - The apparent consumption of five major steel products reached 8.7406 million tons, an increase of 237,300 tons week-on-week; construction materials consumption was 3.0445 million tons, up by 99,800 tons; and sheet metal consumption was 5.6961 million tons, up by 137,500 tons [6]. - Total steel inventory decreased to 15.1061 million tons, down by 91,300 tons week-on-week, maintaining a low level [6]. - The operating rate of blast furnaces in 247 steel mills was 84.45%, an increase of 0.47 percentage points week-on-week [6]. 2. Profitability and Production - The average gross profit for rebar was 216.2 CNY/ton, down by 18.1 CNY/ton week-on-week, while hot-rolled coil gross profit was 172.2 CNY/ton, up by 18.4 CNY/ton [6]. - The profitability rate of 247 steel companies was 58.01%, a decrease of 0.86 percentage points week-on-week [6]. 3. Supply and Demand Dynamics - The report anticipates that the negative impact of the real estate sector on steel demand will weaken, while demand from infrastructure and manufacturing is expected to grow steadily [6]. - The recent policy document on the steel industry emphasizes continued production cuts and the exit of inefficient capacity, supporting the expectation of supply-side contraction [6]. 4. Recommendations - The report recommends several companies based on their competitive advantages and market positioning, including Baosteel, Hualing Steel, and CITIC Special Steel, among others [6].

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the given content 2. Core View - The HC2601 contract widened its decline on Tuesday. The new policy - based financial instruments with a total scale of 50 billion yuan are being actively promoted. The weekly output of hot - rolled coils decreased slightly but remained at a high level with a capacity utilization rate of 82.81%. Demand was relatively stable, and changes in inventory and apparent demand were small. Near the holiday, the spot market lacked momentum, the cost support weakened due to weak furnace materials, and tariff disturbances affected market sentiment. Technically, the 1 - hour MACD indicator of the HC2601 contract showed that DIFF and DEA were weakening downward. The operation suggestion is to maintain a bearish stance [2]. 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs Futures Market - The closing price of the HC main contract was 3,253 yuan/ton, a decrease of 36 yuan; the position volume was 1,349,868 lots, a decrease of 34,602 lots; the net position of the top 20 in the HC contract was - 44,607 lots, an increase of 16,036 lots; the HC1 - 5 contract spread was - 6 yuan/ton, an increase of 3 yuan; the HC warehouse receipt in the previous trading day was 46,314 tons, unchanged; the HC2601 - RB2601 contract spread was 181 yuan/ton, a decrease of 11 yuan [2]. 现货市场 - The price of 4.75 hot - rolled coils in Hangzhou was 3,350 yuan/ton, a decrease of 30 yuan; in Guangzhou, it was 3,310 yuan/ton, a decrease of 10 yuan; in Wuhan, it was 3,400 yuan/ton, unchanged; in Tianjin, it was 3,280 yuan/ton, a decrease of 10 yuan. The basis of the HC main contract was 97 yuan/ton, an increase of 6 yuan; the spread between hot - rolled coils and rebar in Hangzhou was 70 yuan/ton, a decrease of 20 yuan [2]. Upstream Situation - The price of 61.5% PB iron ore fines at Qingdao Port was 778 yuan/wet ton, a decrease of 1 yuan; the price of Hebei quasi - first - class metallurgical coke was 1,490 yuan/ton, unchanged; the price of 6 - 8mm scrap steel in Tangshan was 2,250 yuan/ton, unchanged; the price of Hebei Q235 billet was 2,950 yuan/ton, a decrease of 40 yuan. The inventory of iron ore at 45 ports was 139.9735 million tons, an increase of 1.9313 million tons; the inventory of coke in sample coking plants was 392,900 tons, a decrease of 29,200 tons; the inventory of coke in sample steel mills was 6.6138 million tons, an increase of 164,800 tons; the inventory of billets in Hebei was 1.225 million tons, an increase of 7,700 tons [2]. Industry Situation - The blast furnace operating rate of 247 steel mills was 84.47%, an increase of 0.47 percentage points; the blast furnace capacity utilization rate was 90.88%, an increase of 0.50 percentage points. The weekly output of hot - rolled coils of sample steel mills was 3.2419 million tons, a decrease of 23,000 tons; the capacity utilization rate was 82.81%, a decrease of 0.59 percentage points. The factory inventory of hot - rolled coils of sample steel mills was 817,000 tons, an increase of 4,000 tons; the social inventory of hot - rolled coils in 33 cities was 2.988 million tons, an increase of 21,100 tons. The monthly output of domestic crude steel was 7.737 million tons, a decrease of 229,000 tons; the monthly net export volume of steel was 901,000 tons, a decrease of 38,000 tons [2]. Downstream Situation - The monthly output of automobiles was 2.8154 million vehicles, an increase of 224,300 vehicles; the monthly sales volume was 2.8566 million vehicles, an increase of 263,200 vehicles. The monthly output of air conditioners was 16.8188 million units, a decrease of 3.7777 million units; the monthly output of household refrigerators was 9.4532 million units, an increase of 722,500 units; the monthly output of household washing machines was 10.1318 million units, an increase of 1.3575 million units [2]. Industry News - The China Household Electrical Appliances Association issued an initiative to strengthen self - discipline and fair competition in the household appliance industry, aiming to avoid disorderly low - price competition and dumping below cost. On September 28, three steel enterprises announced the progress of ultra - low emission transformation and evaluation and monitoring. So far, 209 steel enterprises have been announced on the website of the China Iron and Steel Association [2].