如果您希望可以时常见面，欢迎标星收藏哦~ 初涉光收发器领域，很快就会遇到琳琅满目的字母数字组合，令新手眼花缭乱。例如，您可以看 看FiberMall的这款光收发器产品页面。 本文将逐步解释这些术语的含义。读完本文后，您将能够像经验丰富的业内人士一样阅读光收发 器产品页面。 您在本产品页面看到的命名标准源自 IEEE 以太网工作组，该工作组通过IEEE 802.3 标准定义 了物理层 (PHY) 的电气和光学规范。802.3 并非单一标准，而是一个包含多种修订版本的系列标 准。 在物理层，其主要目的是定义信号传输中使用的电气和光学特性，例如光功率、链路预算、可接 受的误码率和信号编码。例如，计划于 2026 年春季发布的 802.3dj 标准定义了使用 200 Gbps 通 道 的 200 Gbps 、 400 Gbps 、 800 Gbps 和 1.6 Tbps 聚 合 带 宽 ， 该 标 准 也 被 称 为 超 以 太 网 (Ultra Ethernet) 。 光互连的定义通常遵循以下格式（大致如此，因为业内并没有严格的定义方式）：[连接器外形尺 寸]-[基带速度]-[传输距离][通道数]-[调制方式]-[ ...

公众号记得加星标⭐️，第一时间看推送不会错过。 本文将逐步解释这些术语的含义。读完本文后，您将能够像经验丰富的业内人士一样阅读光收发器产品页面。 初涉光收发器领域，很快就会遇到琳琅满目的字母数字组合，令新手眼花缭乱。例如，您可以看看FiberMall的这款光收发器产品页面。 您在本产品页面看到的命名标准源自 IEEE 以太网工作组，该工作组通过IEEE 802.3 标准定义了物理层 (PHY) 的电气和光学规范。802.3 并非单 一标准，而是一个包含多种修订版本的系列标准。 在物理层，其主要目的是定义信号传输中使用的电气和光学特性，例如光功率、链路预算、可接受的误码率和信号编码。例如，计划于 2026 年春 季发布的 802.3dj 标准定义了使用 200 Gbps 通道的 200 Gbps、400 Gbps、800 Gbps 和 1.6 Tbps 聚合带宽，该标准也被称为超以太网 (Ultra Ethernet) 。 光互连的定义通常遵循以下格式（大致如此，因为业内并没有严格的定义方式）：[连接器外形尺寸]-[基带速度]-[传输距离][通道数]-[调制方式]- [复用方式]-[光纤模式]-[其他信息] 让 ...

另外，富士总研指出，近年来，因AI普及带动数据中心处理的资讯量爆炸性增加，提振光收发器 市场急速扩大，特别是400G、800G产品需求扬升，预估2025年全球光收发器市场规模将扩大至 3.7兆日圆，之后将逐年呈现增长，2030年市场规模预估将扩增至10.7兆日圆、将较2024年飙增 2.6倍(飙增约260%)。 富士总研指出，目前800G光收发器产品主要获得北美大型云端服务商、英伟达采用，今后、随着 网路高速化，期待将扩大被采用。受2024年、2025年需求急增影响，预估2027年左右800G产品 需求将暂时放缓，不过因大型IT业者正式大规模采用、加上更换需求，预估2028年以后将持续维 持20%以上的年成长率。 据了解，XDFOI 是长电科技独有的一种面向 Chiplet（芯粒/ 小芯片）架构的极高密度多扇出型 封装异构集成解决方案，涵盖 2D、2.5D、3D 集成技术。 此次成功出样的硅光引擎通过在封装体内实现光电器件与逻辑芯片的高密度集成，在封装层面有 效优化了能效与带宽表现，为降低系统互连损耗和提升整体可扩展性提供了支持。 CPO需求，狂飙160倍 随着数据中心、AI投资增加，带动光通讯相关机器/元件 ...

格隆汇1月20日丨环联连讯(01473.HK)宣布，集团近期签订一系列销售合约，获得总值超过2.8亿美元的 销售订单。其中包括来自数间全球顶尖光模块及主动式光缆(AOC)制造商(「全球制造商」)的重大订 单，该等公司均为全球领先的人工智能及数据中心光学解决方案供应商。该等全球制造商为行业内发展 成熟的市场领导者，占有重大市场份额。于该等全球制造商中，对销售合约项下所获订单贡献最大的一 间制造商为中国内地公司，其股份为多项主要指数的成分股，包括沪深300指数、创业板指数、深圳证 券交易所综合指数及MSCI中国指数等。 该等全球制造商被公认为光收发器开发及供应领域的行业领导者。彼等拥有全面高速光学解决方案产品 组合，服务全球通信网络，尤其专注满足全球顶级数据中心营运商及云端服务供应商在人工智能及数据 中心应用方面的先进需求。此外，彼等亦为全球企业数据网络、城域及长途传输，以及移动接入网络应 用提供光收发器解决方案。 取得该等销售合约乃环联的重要里程碑，彰显其致力与引领数据基建未来之先驱企业合作。透过销售合 约，环联将确立自身作为该等全球制造商在光收发器产品及解决方案方面之主要关键供应商地位，相关 产品及解决方案包 ...

Core Viewpoint - Bank of America has reiterated a "Neutral" rating for Lumentum Holdings (LITE.US) and raised its target price from $210 to $375 due to strong demand for optical transceivers and components, indicating that supply in these areas is still unable to meet demand [1] - Morgan Stanley also maintains a "Neutral" rating for Lumentum Holdings, increasing its target price from $190 to $304, noting that the scope of AI transactions has expanded beyond semiconductor stocks to benefit infrastructure companies, particularly in the optical communications market [1] Group 1 - The demand for optical transceivers and components is robust, leading to significant target price increases from both Bank of America and Morgan Stanley [1] - The trend of AI-driven demand for high-speed connectivity is expected to continue into the first half of 2026, particularly benefiting optical communication companies [1] Group 2 - CPO (Co-Packaged Optics) technology is identified as a key solution to overcome bandwidth and power consumption bottlenecks, integrating optical engines with chips to enhance performance [1] - CPO addresses two major pain points of traditional optical modules: drastically reduced power consumption and increased bandwidth density [1]

Group 1 - The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence has accelerated the deployment of large-scale AI clusters globally, leading to a significant energy crisis due to increased energy consumption associated with data processing and transmission [1] - The only effective way to address the energy issue is to develop technologies that decouple energy growth from data growth [1] Group 2 - Photonics has immense potential as it allows for scalable functionalities without increasing energy consumption, with silicon photonics having developed into a nearly ideal platform over the past two decades [3] - Silicon photonics can provide efficient high-density interconnects, low-energy optical switching, and optical neural networks that can accelerate AI computations [3] Group 3 - The energy efficiency of optical transceivers has kept pace with Moore's Law, achieving over 5 pJ/bit, while the scalability of switch ASICs has lagged behind [4] - ASIC switch power consumption increases with throughput, exceeding 1000W at 100Tbps, whereas optical switches maintain low and stable power consumption [6] Group 4 - Optical switches cannot directly replace ASIC switches due to their inability to process data packets, requiring a complete system redesign and optimization [8] - Google is currently the only company capable of implementing optical circuit switches (OCS) at scale in its data centers and AI infrastructure [8] Group 5 - The AIST has developed a large-scale silicon photonic switch that offers 32 x 32 non-blocking connections and can be expanded to 131,072 x 131,072 connections, demonstrating a 75% reduction in network power consumption [9] Group 6 - Silicon photonic devices, based on standard CMOS technology, are crucial for photonic neural networks (PNN), which can perform matrix-vector multiplications at high speed without energy consumption [12] - PNNs can alleviate the computational load on high-energy digital processors like GPUs, although they currently lack effective nonlinear activation functions [12] Group 7 - Several AI models based on electro-optic nonlinearity have been proposed, demonstrating effective classification capabilities using silicon photonic chips [13] - The proposed models ensure low power and low latency computation by utilizing passive photonic circuits for signal propagation [13] Group 8 - The architecture of the proposed models allows for associative memory effects, enabling the recall of stored patterns even with partially damaged input [18] - The concept of a streaming PNN is introduced, which optimally operates with both electrical and optical I/O [20] Group 9 - Significant advancements in silicon photonic technology have the potential to enhance the sustainability of AI infrastructure through high-density I/O, bandwidth-independent circuit switching, and optical speed AI accelerators [21] - Integrating photonic functional devices into traditional digital infrastructure presents challenges that require further research into overall system design and implementation [21]

Core Insights - The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence has accelerated the deployment of large-scale AI clusters globally, leading to a significant energy crisis due to increased energy consumption associated with data processing and transmission [1][3] - Photonics technology, particularly silicon photonics, has the potential to address energy consumption issues by enabling high-density interconnects and low-energy optical switching, which are essential for sustainable AI infrastructure [3][4] Group 1: Energy Consumption and Photonics - The energy supply required for data processing is expected to grow exponentially alongside data volume, necessitating the development of technologies that decouple energy growth from data growth [1] - Silicon photonics has evolved over the past two decades to provide an ideal platform for efficient optical interconnects, enabling high bandwidth and long-distance links while maintaining low energy consumption [3][4] Group 2: Optical Switches and ASICs - The energy efficiency of optical transceivers has matched the pace of Moore's Law, achieving over 5 pJ/bit, while the scalability of ASIC switches has lagged behind, indicating a bottleneck in the switch rather than the transceiver [4][6] - Optical switches maintain low power consumption even as throughput increases, contrasting with ASIC switches, which exceed 1000W at 100Tbps throughput [6] Group 3: System Applications and Development - Optical switches cannot directly replace ASIC switches due to their inability to process data packets, necessitating a complete system redesign and optimization for optical circuit switches (OCS) [8] - Google has pioneered the large-scale implementation of OCS in its data centers, leading to increased interest and development in optical switching technology [8][9] Group 4: Photonic Neural Networks (PNN) - Photonic neural networks leverage the high uniformity and yield of silicon photonic devices to perform matrix-vector multiplications at high speed and low energy, potentially alleviating the computational burden on high-energy digital processors [13][15] - New AI models based on electro-optic nonlinearity have been proposed to enhance the capabilities of PNNs, allowing for efficient computation without intermediate digital processing [15][21] Group 5: Future Directions - Significant advancements in silicon photonics have demonstrated its potential to enhance the sustainability of AI infrastructure through high-density I/O and optical AI accelerators [23] - Integrating photonic functional devices into traditional digital infrastructure presents challenges that require further research into overall system design and implementation [23]

Investment Rating - The semiconductor industry is rated positively, with a strong outlook for AI-related sectors, commercial silicon, and custom silicon [7][9]. Core Insights - The AI server market is expected to see significant growth, with shipments of full-rack AI servers projected between 16,000 and 100,000 units by 2026 [1][2]. - DRAM supply chain outlook is optimistic, while NAND supply chain remains cautious due to tight supply conditions leading to price increases of 25-30% for raw materials in PCs and smartphones [1][3]. - Broadcom is performing well in both commercial and custom silicon sectors, with a positive outlook for 2026 despite recent stock price adjustments [4][7]. - The optical networking sector is crucial for efficient connections between processors in AI data centers, with the optical transceiver market expected to reach $30 billion by 2026 [5][6]. AI Supply Chain Insights - The AI supply chain shows strong growth potential, with capital expenditures from the top five hyperscale data centers expected to increase by 35% [2][14]. - DRAM demand is particularly strong for high bandwidth memory (HBM), which is driving price increases due to supply constraints [2][6]. - Semiconductor capital equipment spending is forecasted to grow by 11% in 2026 and 6% in 2027, benefiting from changes in global redundant production [9][10]. Company-Specific Insights - Broadcom is viewed positively in the semiconductor cycle, with expectations of continued strong performance [4][7]. - Application Materials is expected to perform well in DRAM and advanced logic chip foundry sectors, with a positive outlook for 2026 [11][12]. - Teradyne has been upgraded to a buy rating due to anticipated new orders in video-related business [11]. Market Dynamics - The semiconductor industry is experiencing a shift towards custom chips, with significant contributions from companies like Google and NVIDIA [1][4]. - The optical networking market is transitioning to higher speeds, which is driving growth across the supply chain [5][6]. - The overall semiconductor capital equipment sector is expected to see strong growth due to memory chip demand driven by DRAM shortages [10][12]. Future Trends - The semiconductor capital equipment industry is characterized by strong cyclical growth, with potential for exceeding previous forecasts in 2026 and 2027 [10][11]. - The NAND flash market is under pressure due to supply constraints, with no new capacity expected in 2026 [12][13]. - The AI market is heavily influenced by large enterprises, which account for 80% of the market, while smaller companies face funding challenges [14][15][16].

Core Viewpoint - Despite facing U.S. tariffs, Chinese companies like CATL are still able to achieve substantial profits from export sales, driven by both domestic and international demand for energy solutions [1][3][4]. Group 1: Market Performance - In 2023, the stock prices of major Chinese manufacturers in the energy sector, such as CATL and Sungrow, have surged significantly, with CATL's stock rising by 45% and Sungrow's by 130% [3]. - The Shenzhen Stock Exchange's New Energy Index, which includes these companies, has increased by 38% since 2025 [3]. Group 2: Profit Margins - Export profit margins for energy storage systems, including batteries and converters, are estimated to be three to five times higher than domestic sales margins [4]. - The gross profit margin for transformers sold domestically is between 10% to 20%, while margins for exports to the U.S. and Europe can reach 40% to 50% [4]. Group 3: Supply Chain Dynamics - In the first nine months of the year, 60% of U.S. lithium-ion battery imports came from China, up from 43% in 2020, with total imports amounting to $15 billion, more than triple the total for 2020 [5]. - Despite efforts by the U.S. to reduce dependency on China, the supply chain remains heavily reliant on Chinese manufacturers, particularly in the AI sector [5][7]. Group 4: Competitive Advantages - Chinese manufacturers, such as CATL, hold a structural advantage in the AI supply chain, particularly in the production of lithium iron phosphate batteries, which are safer and have a longer lifespan compared to alternatives [5]. - Chinese companies also excel in pricing and delivery speed, making them more attractive options for urgent projects compared to suppliers from other countries [7]. Group 5: Future Outlook - The demand for lithium iron phosphate batteries remains strong despite tariffs and decoupling policies, with no significant alternative suppliers outside of China [6]. - Upcoming increases in tariffs on Chinese batteries from 30.9% to 48.4% may impact future trends in the market [7].

Core Insights - The Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE) listed companies reported significant growth in revenue and net profit for the first three quarters of 2025, indicating a robust performance and high-quality development in China's capital market [1] Industry Performance Power Equipment - The power equipment sector achieved a total revenue of 1.32 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 10%, and a net profit of 946.09 billion yuan, up 29.53% [2] - Companies in this sector are benefiting from supportive policies and a strong focus on technological innovation, with significant R&D investments [2][3] Communication - The communication industry reported total revenue of 292.38 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 14.34%, and a net profit of 308.09 billion yuan, up 36.65% [4] - Leading companies like Chengdu Newyeason and Wuhan Guangxun Technology demonstrated exceptional growth, with revenue increases of 221.70% and 58.65%, respectively [5] New Energy - The new energy sector generated total revenue of 1.06 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 10.56%, and a net profit of 787.05 billion yuan, up 31.87% [7] - Notable companies like CATL reported revenue of 283.07 billion yuan, a 9.28% increase, and a net profit of 490.34 billion yuan, up 36.20% [8] Consumer Sector - The consumer sector, particularly home appliances, saw revenue growth of 5.17% and net profit growth of 9.14% in the third quarter [9] - Midea Group achieved total revenue of 364.72 billion yuan, a 13.85% increase, and a net profit of 378.83 billion yuan, up 19.51% [10]