以下文章来源于底线思维 ，作者大伊万 底线思维 . 观察者网时评专栏 本文来自微信公众号： 底线思维 ，作者：大伊万，题图来自：视觉中国 根据印度港口、航运和水道部 （MoPSW） 的消息，该扶持计划的核心意图，是通过改善造船业的 长期融资渠道，支持新建船厂，提升技术能力和构筑法律保障等，提振印度的造船能力。 近日，印度政府宣布了一项总额为7000亿卢比 （约80亿美元） 的造船业扶持计划，试图复刻20世纪 80年代"马鲁蒂-铃木" （Maruti-Suzuki） 式的印资－外资合作机制，目标直指让印度在2030年进入 世界造船业前十、在2047年进入世界造船业前五的行列，可谓雄心勃勃。 然而，这一宏伟目标的实现并非坦途。 印度造船业：曾经辉煌 自印度独立以来，印度造船业发展十分缓慢。印度产船舶长期处于水平低，吨位小的阶段。仅仅在本 世纪的最初十年，借助全球化步伐，印度造船业迎来过一个还算不错的发展时期，船舶出口总额也一 度从不到1亿美元猛然膨胀到11亿美元。但即便在印度造船业最繁荣的2011年，其占世界造船市场的 比重也仅有3.7%，此后便开始逐渐下降。 就印度造船业的现状而言，只能说"潜力较大"吧。202 ...

近日，印度政府宣布了一项总额为7000亿卢比（约80亿美元）的造船业扶持计划，试图复刻20世纪80年 代"马鲁蒂-铃木"（Maruti-Suzuki）式的印资－外资合作机制，目标直指让印度在2030年进入世界造船 业前十、在2047年进入世界造船业前五的行列，可谓雄心勃勃。 然而，这一宏伟目标的实现并非坦途。 那么，莫迪政府此次宣布的、总额约为7000亿卢比（实为6972.5亿）的造船业扶持计划，包括了哪些内 容？计划的总体可行性如何呢？ 根据印度港口、航运和水道部（MoPSW）的消息，该扶持计划的核心意图，是通过改善造船业的长期 融资渠道，支持新建船厂，提升技术能力和构筑法律保障等，提振印度的造船能力。 在这一总体思路之下，印度意图通过如下几个方面来整体提升造船业能力： 第一部分是船舶建造财政援助计划（SBFAS），为造船厂提供直接的财政支持，总金额为2473.6亿卢比 （约为198亿元人民币）。根据披露信息，该计划将执行到2036年3月。根据相关信息披露，计划中规 定，价值低于100亿卢比的船舶将获得15%的补贴，而超过这一门槛的船舶将获得20%的补贴。此外， 如果环保型船舶包括30%的本土附加值的话，将 ...

Group 1 - Key Point 1: Key minerals have become a new battleground for strategic competition among major global powers, with Canada signaling its intent to diversify supply chains away from China following new rare earth regulations [1][3] - Key Point 2: Canadian Energy and Natural Resources Minister Tim Hodgson announced plans to collaborate with allies, similar to the U.S. partnership with MP Materials, to provide funding support for critical mineral projects [1][3] - Key Point 3: Canada aims to establish a capacity-sharing mechanism with partners, differentiating its approach from the U.S. model where all outputs are directed domestically [1][3] Group 2 - Key Point 1: Canada and Germany have reached a consensus to deepen cooperation in critical minerals and defense sectors, aiming to strengthen bilateral relations amid rising global trade tensions [3][4] - Key Point 2: Both countries face significant supply challenges, with Germany almost entirely dependent on imports for critical minerals, while Canada has limited production capacity [3][4] - Key Point 3: A cooperation agreement has been signed, with Germany seeking to rely on Canada for rare earths and other materials like lithium, graphite, cobalt, and nickel [4][5] Group 3 - Key Point 1: Canadian Prime Minister Carney emphasized the potential for energy exports, including liquefied natural gas (LNG) and hydrogen, during discussions with German Chancellor Merz [4][5] - Key Point 2: Despite interest, Germany's engagement with Canadian LNG remains at the intention stage due to logistical challenges and high costs associated with transportation [5][6] - Key Point 3: Canada is mobilizing nearly $50 trillion for infrastructure development to enhance resource utilization and increase exports to Eastern markets [7][8] Group 4 - Key Point 1: Canada and Germany plan to foster closer partnerships between businesses and financial institutions, as well as enhance research collaboration [8] - Key Point 2: A notable collaboration has emerged between Canadian mining company Troilus Gold and German firm Aurubis AG to establish a rare earth magnet supply chain [8] - Key Point 3: Previous cooperation in clean energy faced challenges, with a hydrogen trade agreement stalled due to low domestic demand in Germany, leaving the effectiveness of current mineral cooperation uncertain [8]

Core Viewpoint - The modernization of the People's Navy is rapidly evolving, with a focus on fourth-generation equipment leading the way and third-generation equipment as the mainstay, indicating a significant transformation in naval capabilities [1] Group 1: Naval Equipment Development - The People's Navy is developing a range of main combat equipment, from small boats to large ships, indicating a comprehensive upgrade in naval strength [1] - The submarine force, which includes strategic nuclear submarines, attack nuclear submarines, and conventional submarines, is highlighted as a key area of development within the People's Navy [1] Group 2: Submarine Capabilities - The conventional submarines are equipped with AIP (Air-Independent Propulsion) systems, allowing them to remain submerged for extended periods without surfacing, enhancing their stealth capabilities [1] - The nuclear submarines include both attack-type submarines, which carry conventional weapons such as torpedoes and missiles, and strategic missile submarines, which can carry a significant number of strategic missiles, thereby increasing sea-based strike capabilities [1]