经过首日讨论，越南谈判代表团的支持机构—国际经济一体化指导委员会办公室副主任范雄表示， 双方正致力于缩小剩余分歧，本轮谈判进展非常顺利。 根据2024年底的数据，越南与EFTA的贸易额超过35亿美元，多年来保持稳定增长。越南对EFTA成 员国的主要出口产品包括鞋类、纺织品和服装、机械设备、手机及零部件，以及咖啡、腰果等农产品。 作为回报，越南主要从EFTA成员国进口高科技、高附加值产品，例如药品、精密机械、医疗器械和化 工产品。 （原标题：越南与欧洲自由贸易联盟（EFTA）第18轮自由贸易协定谈判在岘港举行） 越南《越通社》11月27日报道，越南与欧洲自由贸易联盟（EFTA）之间的第18轮自由贸易协定 （FTA）谈判于11月25日至28日在越南中部城市岘港举行。 越南工贸部副部长、越方首席谈判代表阮生日新在开幕式发言中强调，双方共同的目标是尽一切努 力在本轮谈判中完成磋商，并准备采取必要的灵活措施，以确保达成一项对双方都有利的平衡协议。 ...

越通社11月27日报道，据越南海关初步统计，年初至2025年11月15日，越南电子产业出口近1430亿 美元，创出口新高。其中，计算机、电子产品及零部件出口921.3亿美元，同比增长48.3%；手机及零部 件出口508.3亿美元，同比增长5%。按绝对值计算，电子产业出口较去年同期增加约320亿美元。 报道称，目前越南电子产业创造逾150万名个就业机会，部分细分领域的本地化率提高至40%— 50%。 （原标题：越南电子产品出口创新高） ...

Group 1: Trade Tariffs and Agreements - The U.S. President Trump announced a range of tariffs from 25% to 40% on imports from several countries, including significant rates for Southeast Asian nations like 20% for the Philippines and 40% for Myanmar [1] - The trade agreement with Vietnam contrasts sharply with the tariffs imposed on other countries, highlighting a disparity in U.S. trade policy [2][25] - Vietnam's response to U.S. tariffs included a commitment to zero tariffs on U.S. imports and significant purchases of U.S. goods, indicating a strategic compromise under pressure [9][15] Group 2: Vietnam's Strategic Considerations - Vietnam's negotiations reflect a balancing act between U.S. and Chinese influences, as it relies heavily on both for exports and imports [10] - The country faces competition from other developing nations, necessitating a favorable tariff rate to maintain its position as a manufacturing hub [12] - Vietnam's domestic reforms are crucial for maintaining economic growth, especially in light of potential tariff impacts on its economy [14] Group 3: Short-term Gains vs. Long-term Risks - The trade agreement may provide short-term benefits by reducing tariffs from 46% to 20%, enhancing Vietnam's competitiveness in the U.S. market [15][16] - However, the long-term implications include potential over-reliance on U.S. markets and the risk of domestic industries being overwhelmed by American competition [21][22] - Vietnam's early concessions could undermine regional solidarity within ASEAN, affecting its standing and influence among Southeast Asian nations [22][23] Group 4: Broader Implications of U.S. Trade Policy - Other countries may not follow Vietnam's lead in compromising with the U.S. due to lower dependency on the American market, allowing them more negotiating leverage [26] - Growing dissatisfaction with U.S. trade tactics could push countries towards alternative partnerships, indicating a shift in global trade dynamics [27] - The Vietnam-U.S. trade agreement may not serve as a model for other nations, as the unique circumstances surrounding Vietnam's negotiations differ significantly from those of its neighbors [24]

Group 1: Trade War Overview - The current US-China trade war is an escalation of the 2018 trade conflict, with the US imposing an average import tariff of 134.7% on Chinese goods, with some products facing tariffs as high as 245%[11][15]. - Historically, the US has initiated seven rounds of trade wars, with the 1930 Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act being a significant example that worsened the Great Depression[5][8]. - The trade war has led to increased volatility in global capital markets and a restructuring of the global trade system[7]. Group 2: Economic Impact - The trade war is expected to impact China's GDP growth by approximately 0.9-1.6 percentage points under neutral scenarios, with potential declines of 2.0-2.6 percentage points in pessimistic scenarios[6][26]. - China's exports to the US are heavily reliant on specific sectors, with textiles and light industrial products being particularly vulnerable, where over 50% of certain products are exported to the US[27][28]. - The US trade deficit with China decreased from 2.0% of GDP to 1.0% from 2018 Q3 to 2024 Q3, while the deficit with other countries increased from 2.2% to 3.0%[14]. Group 3: Strategic Responses - China has implemented countermeasures, including reciprocal tariffs and diversifying export markets to reduce reliance on the US, with exports to Vietnam increasing by 1.4% over the past five years[27][28]. - The Chinese government is focusing on expanding domestic demand and technological advancements to mitigate the impact of tariffs, emphasizing investment in high-tech sectors[6][26]. - Long-term strategies include reforming state-owned enterprises and enhancing social security to boost consumer spending and economic resilience[6][26].