（原标题：越南与印度双边贸易额创历史新高） 《越通社》1月14日报道，越南工贸部13日称，据越南海关局数据，2025年越南与印度双边贸易额 达164.6亿美元，同比增长10.5%，创历史新高。其中，越南对印度出口103亿美元，增长14.2%；自印度 进口61亿美元，增长4.9%。 在进口方面，2025年越南自印度进口额达61亿美元，占越南进口总额的1.75%。越南对印度实现贸 易顺差42.3亿美元，同比增长31%。在投资领域，据越南外国投资局统计，印度目前在越南共有378个 投资项目，投资总额超过10亿美元，主要集中在能源、矿产加工、农产品加工、信息技术、汽车零部 件、制药、酒店和基础设施等领域。据印度国内工业与贸易促进局数据，截至2022年，越南对印度投资 额约2855万美元，涉及消费品、电子、建筑、信息技术和制药等领域。 2024年，越南VinFast公司宣布在印度泰米尔纳德邦投资20亿美元建设电动汽车工厂，其中一期投 资5亿美元，并于2025年推出了电动车产品。2025年12月，Vingroup与印度特伦甘纳邦政府签署谅解备 忘录，计划分阶段投资约30亿美元，发展多元产业生态体系。 在两国经济保持较高增 ...

从出口市场结构看，呈现出明显分化特征。对中国出口额为134.1亿美元，同比下降1.8%；对美国 出口额达94.2亿美元，同比增长0.8%；对欧盟出口额为66.1亿美元，同比增长8.6%。与此同时，对印 度、日本等新兴和重点市场出口表现亮眼，出口额分别增长24.1%和19.1%。 具体来看，11月电话及零部件出口额仅为39.9亿美元，较上月出现明显回落。不过，从全年走势 看，该类产品出口仍保持增长态势。2025年前11个月，手机及零部件累计出口额达526.6亿美元，同比 增长4.8%，同比增加24.2亿美元。 （原标题：越南11月手机及零部件出口降幅超两成） 越南《越南经济时报》12月23日报道，越南海关数据显示，2025年11月越南货物出口额为391.1亿 美元，环比下降7%。在主要出口品类中，手机及其零部件出口降幅最为显著，环比下降21.5%，成为当 月少数降幅超过20%的重点品类之一。 ...

Core Points - The 18th round of Free Trade Agreement (FTA) negotiations between Vietnam and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) took place in Da Nang, Vietnam from November 25 to 28 [1] - The goal of both parties is to make every effort to complete consultations in this round and to adopt necessary flexible measures to ensure a balanced agreement beneficial to both sides [1] - The negotiations are progressing smoothly, with efforts to narrow remaining differences highlighted by the Vietnamese delegation [1] Trade Relations - As of the end of 2024, trade between Vietnam and EFTA is expected to exceed $3.5 billion, maintaining stable growth over the years [1] - Major exports from Vietnam to EFTA member countries include footwear, textiles and garments, machinery and equipment, mobile phones and components, as well as agricultural products like coffee and cashews [1] - In return, Vietnam primarily imports high-tech and high-value-added products from EFTA member countries, such as pharmaceuticals, precision machinery, medical devices, and chemical products [1]

Core Insights - Vietnam's electronics industry has achieved a record export value of nearly 143 billion USD from the beginning of the year until November 15, 2025 [1] - The export of computers, electronic products, and components reached 92.13 billion USD, marking a year-on-year growth of 48.3% [1] - Mobile phones and components exported amounted to 50.83 billion USD, with a year-on-year increase of 5% [1] - The electronics sector has created over 1.5 million jobs, with localization rates in certain sub-sectors rising to 40%-50% [1]

Group 1: Trade Tariffs and Agreements - The U.S. President Trump announced a range of tariffs from 25% to 40% on imports from several countries, including significant rates for Southeast Asian nations like 20% for the Philippines and 40% for Myanmar [1] - The trade agreement with Vietnam contrasts sharply with the tariffs imposed on other countries, highlighting a disparity in U.S. trade policy [2][25] - Vietnam's response to U.S. tariffs included a commitment to zero tariffs on U.S. imports and significant purchases of U.S. goods, indicating a strategic compromise under pressure [9][15] Group 2: Vietnam's Strategic Considerations - Vietnam's negotiations reflect a balancing act between U.S. and Chinese influences, as it relies heavily on both for exports and imports [10] - The country faces competition from other developing nations, necessitating a favorable tariff rate to maintain its position as a manufacturing hub [12] - Vietnam's domestic reforms are crucial for maintaining economic growth, especially in light of potential tariff impacts on its economy [14] Group 3: Short-term Gains vs. Long-term Risks - The trade agreement may provide short-term benefits by reducing tariffs from 46% to 20%, enhancing Vietnam's competitiveness in the U.S. market [15][16] - However, the long-term implications include potential over-reliance on U.S. markets and the risk of domestic industries being overwhelmed by American competition [21][22] - Vietnam's early concessions could undermine regional solidarity within ASEAN, affecting its standing and influence among Southeast Asian nations [22][23] Group 4: Broader Implications of U.S. Trade Policy - Other countries may not follow Vietnam's lead in compromising with the U.S. due to lower dependency on the American market, allowing them more negotiating leverage [26] - Growing dissatisfaction with U.S. trade tactics could push countries towards alternative partnerships, indicating a shift in global trade dynamics [27] - The Vietnam-U.S. trade agreement may not serve as a model for other nations, as the unique circumstances surrounding Vietnam's negotiations differ significantly from those of its neighbors [24]

Group 1: Trade War Overview - The current US-China trade war is an escalation of the 2018 trade conflict, with the US imposing an average import tariff of 134.7% on Chinese goods, with some products facing tariffs as high as 245%[11][15]. - Historically, the US has initiated seven rounds of trade wars, with the 1930 Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act being a significant example that worsened the Great Depression[5][8]. - The trade war has led to increased volatility in global capital markets and a restructuring of the global trade system[7]. Group 2: Economic Impact - The trade war is expected to impact China's GDP growth by approximately 0.9-1.6 percentage points under neutral scenarios, with potential declines of 2.0-2.6 percentage points in pessimistic scenarios[6][26]. - China's exports to the US are heavily reliant on specific sectors, with textiles and light industrial products being particularly vulnerable, where over 50% of certain products are exported to the US[27][28]. - The US trade deficit with China decreased from 2.0% of GDP to 1.0% from 2018 Q3 to 2024 Q3, while the deficit with other countries increased from 2.2% to 3.0%[14]. Group 3: Strategic Responses - China has implemented countermeasures, including reciprocal tariffs and diversifying export markets to reduce reliance on the US, with exports to Vietnam increasing by 1.4% over the past five years[27][28]. - The Chinese government is focusing on expanding domestic demand and technological advancements to mitigate the impact of tariffs, emphasizing investment in high-tech sectors[6][26]. - Long-term strategies include reforming state-owned enterprises and enhancing social security to boost consumer spending and economic resilience[6][26].