中经记者 杨井鑫 北京报道 六十载栉风沐雨，六十载万象更新。从落后到繁荣，从贫困到富足，中国式现代化的西藏实践迈出了坚 实步伐，尤其是在高原经济高质量发展、人民群众获得感幸福感安全感等方面成绩斐然。 地方产业发展和兴边富民都离不开金融的支持。作为一家国有大行，农业银行（601288.SH）不仅是西 藏发展的见证者，也是重要参与者。该行一直坚守服务乡村振兴和服务实体经济的定位，全力以赴强产 业、壮实体、促普惠、改民生，将金融活水投向重点领域和薄弱环节，为西藏长治久安和高质量发展提 供了坚实的金融支撑。 在西藏墨脱县格当乡的羊肚菌种植基地里，尼日卡林下资源合作社负责人贡秋次仁正忙着检查液态菌种 发酵罐。他刚从农业银行西藏墨脱支行申请到100万元贷款，计划用于扩大羊肚菌的培育规模。 据了解，墨脱曾经是全国最后一个通公路的县。多年来，农业银行在墨脱坚持开展"3+2"流动金融服 务。直到2023年10月，农业银行墨脱格当支行挂牌营业，农牧民终于迎来了开在"家门口"的银行。 高原畜牧产业是西藏的特色产业。在海拔4700米的那曲市聂荣县，合作社的工作人员正通过手机查看牦 牛的健康数据。农业银行西藏那曲分行提供的"智慧畜牧" ...

Core Insights - The central government has introduced a policy to promote livestock collateral financing loans, transforming livestock production into recognized collateral for financial institutions, creating new opportunities for local specialty breeding industries [1] - The dairy industry in Wuzhong City, Ningxia, has developed into one of the six key agricultural industries, with a total dairy cattle population of 308,000, accounting for 33% of the region's total, and a comprehensive industrial output exceeding 30 billion yuan, representing about 32% of the local GDP [1] - The People's Bank of China in Wuzhong has been actively exploring ways to broaden the range of rural collateral, facilitating financing for rural specialty industries [2] Group 1: Policy and Financial Mechanisms - A collaborative mechanism involving government departments, commercial banks, and breeding enterprises has been established to support the dairy industry, with several policy documents issued to encourage financial institutions to include livestock as collateral [2] - As of May, the balance of livestock collateral loans in Wuzhong has reached 700 million yuan, supporting 110 breeding entities, with 620 million yuan specifically for dairy cattle [1][2] - The use of agricultural support loans has exceeded 500 million yuan, accounting for 14.8% of the city's total re-loan balance, providing financial support for the dairy industry [2] Group 2: Innovative Financing Models - The People's Bank of China in Wuzhong is promoting a tiered and categorized livestock collateral financing model to meet the diverse funding needs of breeding entities [3] - Various innovative financing models have been introduced, such as "livestock collateral + guarantee," "livestock collateral + credit," and "livestock collateral + syndicate loans," to enhance risk management and meet large financing demands [3] - Several banks have launched specific livestock collateral loan products, effectively converting livestock into financial assets and reducing financing costs for breeding entities [3] Group 3: Risk Management and Supervision - The unique characteristics of livestock collateral, such as regulatory challenges and value volatility, have led to increased risks for financial institutions [4] - A dynamic regulatory system has been implemented to strengthen the supervision of livestock collateral, including unified registration and real-time monitoring mechanisms [4][5] - The introduction of digital identification for livestock and third-party supervision has been established to mitigate risks associated with collateral value depreciation or loss [5]

Core Viewpoint - The financial institutions in Tongliao City are actively working to address the challenges faced by the meat cattle industry, particularly in terms of financing and collateral, by implementing innovative financial services and products to support sustainable development in agriculture [1][3][4]. Financial Support for Meat Cattle Industry - As of the end of May, the loan balance for the meat cattle industry in Tongliao City reached 24.654 billion yuan, with 9.125 billion yuan disbursed this year, accounting for 13.24% of the total loan balance in the city [2]. - The People's Bank of China Tongliao Branch has introduced policies to guide financial institutions in meeting the financing needs of the meat cattle industry, including the inclusion of large agricultural tools as collateral [3]. Technological Integration in Financing - The integration of technology and finance is emphasized, with the development of a "Smart Livestock Loan" model that utilizes IoT devices and AI technology to monitor livestock health and establish asset identification [4][6]. - A digital platform has been established to achieve full lifecycle traceability of meat cattle, with 95,800 cattle already included in the digital archive [6]. Risk Management and Monitoring - The financial institutions are implementing a dual safeguard system combining technology and control for collateral management, utilizing various monitoring systems to ensure the integrity of pledged assets [5][9]. - The establishment of a rural revitalization financial service station aims to facilitate the registration and monitoring of live cattle collateral, enhancing the oversight of pledged livestock [6]. Support for Grain Industry - The financial support extends to the grain industry, with a focus on integrating supply chain finance to enhance the financing capabilities of small and medium-sized enterprises within the corn industry [10]. - A credit guarantee fund has been established with a total of 1.28 billion yuan to support grain purchasing and processing enterprises, resulting in the issuance of loans totaling 2.2 billion yuan [9]. Innovation in Financial Products - Financial institutions in Tongliao are encouraged to develop differentiated financial products tailored to the specific needs of the meat cattle and grain industries, following the principle of "suitability by institution" [7][10]. - The introduction of intellectual property pledge loans aims to support agricultural technology enterprises, facilitating a shift from asset-heavy to knowledge-based financing models [10].

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China Shaoyang Branch is actively promoting digital finance through policy guidance, product innovation, and service enhancement, aiming to create a new highland for digital finance and support the robust development of the digital economy. Policy Precision Guidance - The Shaoyang Branch has initiated the "Smart Empowerment of Ten Thousand Enterprises" action plan, which includes ten measures to support the intelligent transformation and digitalization of the manufacturing sector [2] - A series of supporting policies, including the "Three-Year Action Plan for Digital Economy Development," have been implemented to facilitate the digital transformation of enterprises [2] - A strategic cooperation memorandum was signed with Shaodong City to direct financial resources towards local light industry sectors, resulting in a 22.6% year-on-year increase in loans for the lighter industry [2] Product Innovation - The Shaoyang Branch has developed the "Flow Loan" standard, allowing banks to create credit profiles for enterprises based on cash flow data, thus addressing issues like information asymmetry and collateral shortages [4] - Various digital financial products such as "Flow Loan," "Science Credit Loan," and "Technology Value Loan" have been created to meet diverse financing needs [5] Financial Support for Innovation - The Shaoyang Branch has issued a total of 21.9 billion yuan in knowledge value credit loans and 4.7 billion yuan in intellectual property pledge loans to alleviate financing difficulties for innovative enterprises [6] - As of March 2025, 407 innovative SMEs and 276 specialized and new SMEs have received credit support [7] Supply Chain Financing - The Shaoyang Branch has explored the application of digital finance in supply chain financing, launching new financing models to meet the needs of core enterprises and their supply chains [7] - By April 2025, the city had completed 215 accounts receivable financing transactions, amounting to 2.33 billion yuan [8] Service Quality Enhancement - The Shaoyang Branch has implemented a "Five Special" financial service system to provide comprehensive support for enterprises' digital transformation [9] - The bank has facilitated the issuance of the first "Smart Animal Husbandry Loan" of 2 million yuan to a local pig farm, showcasing innovative service models [9] - A total of 52,000 enterprises have moved to cloud platforms, with significant increases in intelligent manufacturing capabilities [10]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government aims to support the beef and dairy industries by addressing financial difficulties and stabilizing production capacity, as outlined in the 2025 Central Document No. 1 [1] Group 1: Industry Characteristics - The livestock industry is primarily composed of family-run operations, which have fragmented management and short supply chains, making it difficult to use livestock as collateral [1] - The industry exhibits significant cyclical characteristics, with cash flow heavily reliant on the sale of livestock products, and is affected by seasonal factors [3] - The industry faces high risks, including disease outbreaks and natural disasters, which can lead to substantial production interruptions [3] - The valuation of live livestock as collateral is challenging due to price volatility and the lack of standardized assessment systems [3] Group 2: Financial Innovations - Banks have introduced innovative financing products like "Beef Cattle Loans," which utilize real-time asset data and a comprehensive credit assessment model to facilitate loans for livestock farmers [2] - The Agricultural Bank of China has developed a "Smart Livestock Loan" that combines government, insurance, banks, and farmers to create a comprehensive financial service model [4] - Financial institutions are encouraged to provide differentiated financial products based on the production cycles of livestock, allowing for tailored loan terms and cash flow management tools [4][5] Group 3: Risk Management and Cost Control - The futures market plays a crucial role in risk management by allowing farmers to hedge against price fluctuations in feed costs, which constitute 50%-60% of beef cattle farming expenses [6] - Recent price increases in futures for corn and soybean meal highlight the importance of futures contracts in stabilizing costs for livestock producers [6] - The integration of technology, such as IoT and blockchain, is essential for improving asset management and risk assessment in the livestock sector [5][6]