中国氮肥生产与消费 的氧化亚氮减排研究 � Envionmental � � CONTENTS. 目录 01 前言 ………… 02 中国氮肥生产现状、挑战与机遇 中国氮肥生产的现状和发展 中国氮肥生产面临的挑战和机遇 03 中国氮肥消费的现状、挑战与机遇 中国氨肥消费面临的挑战与机遇 2 4 5 12 ● 中国氮肥产量变化及相关政策演变 ● 中国氮肥进出口 ● 中国氮肥生产的温室气体排放 ● 中国氮肥生产面临的挑战 ● 中国氮肥生产面临的机遇 中国氮肥消费的现状和发展 ● 中国氮肥施用量变化及政策演变 ● 中国氮肥施用强度 ● 中国氮肥利用效率 ● 中国农业氧化亚氮的排放 ● 中国氮肥消费面临的挑战 ● 中国氮肥消费面临的机遇 04 中国氮肥生产和消费的减排措施、成本与潜力 中国氮肥生产的减排措施及潜力 ● 中国氮肥生产的减排措施 ● 中国氮肥生产的减排成本与潜力 中国氮肥消费的减排措施与潜力 ● 中国氮肥消费的减排措施及减排潜力 ● 中国氮肥消费的区域减排潜力分析 05 中国氮肥生产和消费的利益相关者分析 - 06 发展建议 …… | 阿蒙 1 | 新型肥料的环境与经济效益 | 37 | | --- | - ...

Core Insights - Yulin, an important energy base in China, is focusing on clean and efficient coal utilization, positioning itself as a key player in modern coal chemical industry development [1][3] - The 1 million tons/year high-end chemical new materials project is a significant initiative under Yulin's "14th Five-Year Plan," aimed at enhancing the coal chemical industry chain [1][2] - The project will require approximately 900,000 tons of methanol annually, primarily sourced from internal group companies, with plans to expand downstream partnerships [2] Industry Development - Yulin is developing six industrial chains, including coal-based high-end chemicals and coal-to-oil, to promote industrial clustering in designated industrial zones [2][3] - The city is transforming coal into various products, including construction materials and biodegradable items, showcasing a shift from traditional coal usage to innovative applications [2][3] Technological Innovation - Yulin is investing over 2.5 billion yuan in clean energy research and innovation, establishing platforms for technology integration and development [3] - The Yulin Zhongke Clean Energy Innovation Research Institute is facilitating a full-chain innovation path, leading to significant advancements in hydrogen energy storage and coal chemical research [3] Environmental Initiatives - The Yulin City Investment Baisheng CO2 comprehensive utilization project aims to reduce CO2 emissions by 1.01 million tons annually, contributing to environmental sustainability [4] - The project will convert CO2 into useful products for various applications, including oil recovery and agricultural fertilizers [4] Industry Collaboration - China National Offshore Oil Corporation's subsidiary showcased advanced technologies for efficient coalbed methane development at the Yulin International Coal and High-end Energy Chemical Industry Expo [5] - The company emphasizes green and low-carbon energy development, aligning with Yulin's goals for sustainable industrial transformation [5]

Core Insights - Yulin is a significant energy base in China and one of the four modern coal chemical industry demonstration zones, focusing on clean and efficient coal utilization [1][4] - The 1 million tons/year high-end chemical new materials project is a key initiative under Yulin's "14th Five-Year Plan," aimed at enhancing the coal chemical industry chain [1][2] - The project includes various production facilities, such as a 400,000 tons/year DMTA unit and a 200,000 tons/year ethylene oxide unit, which will produce refined chemical products for downstream markets [1][2] Industry Development - Yulin is developing six industrial chains, including coal-based high-end chemicals and coal-to-oil, to promote industrial clustering in designated industrial zones [2][4] - The transformation of coal into various products, including construction materials and biodegradable medical supplies, signifies a shift towards sustainable practices in the coal industry [2][4] - The establishment of the Yulin Zhongke Clean Energy Innovation Research Institute aims to integrate technology and industry, focusing on hydrogen energy storage and downstream coal chemical research [3][4] Environmental Initiatives - Yulin is actively pursuing carbon reduction strategies, including the largest carbon capture and utilization project in Shaanxi, which aims to reduce CO2 emissions by 1.01 million tons annually [4] - The project converts CO2 into useful products for oil recovery, underground storage, and agricultural fertilizers, aligning with global green energy trends [4] - The introduction of innovative technologies in coalbed methane extraction and low-carbon fracturing techniques reflects the industry's commitment to reducing carbon emissions [5]

Group 1 - The eighth China Farmers' Harvest Festival was celebrated on September 23, focusing on "Celebrating Agricultural Harvest and Enjoying a Better Life" [1] - Various oil and chemical companies have strengthened the production and supply of agricultural materials such as fertilizers, pesticides, and agricultural films to ensure market stability and support crop yield [1] - Shandong Hualu Hengsheng Chemical Co., Ltd. adjusted its production structure to increase the output of fertilizers like urea and ammonium sulfate to meet local agricultural needs [1] Group 2 - Hubei Xiangyun (Group) Chemical Co., Ltd. launched innovative fertilizers, including astaxanthin-based fertilizers that can enhance saline-alkali land productivity by 30% [2] - Jinzhengda promotes green and efficient fertilizers, developing over 600 crop-specific solutions for various crops [2] - Xinlianxin Group focuses on developing high-efficiency products, achieving a fertilizer utilization rate of over 43.8% compared to the 35% of ordinary urea [2] Group 3 - Luxi Group increased the variety of fertilizers produced to meet the diverse needs of different crops and regions, supporting the development of high-efficiency fertilizers [3] - Hubei Yihua is committed to ensuring sufficient supply and stable prices of fertilizers while innovating products to meet diverse agricultural needs [3] - Limin Co. and Tianhe Co. launched a "Rice Flying Defense Plan" to combat common rice pests and diseases, ensuring healthy crop growth [3] Group 4 - China Coal Ordos Energy Chemical Co., Ltd. provided 2,500 tons of affordable fertilizers to support farmers during the critical agricultural production period [4] - Jinneng Holding Group adjusted its product structure to ensure stable and sufficient fertilizer supply during the harvest season [4] - Yuntianhua adheres to a management philosophy that ensures production facilities operate at full capacity during key agricultural periods [5] Group 5 - Tianye Group enhances modern agricultural technology, focusing on water-saving agriculture and improving crop yields through innovative techniques [5] - Zhushang Fertilizer (China) Group offers comprehensive services from soil testing to planting guidance, helping farmers optimize fertilizer use [5] - The company has developed various brands of fertilizers that improve soil quality and enhance crop resistance, benefiting millions of farmers [5]

Core Insights - The ammonium bicarbonate (also known as carbamate) has been widely used in China before the emergence of other fertilizers like urea and compound fertilizers [1] - The production capacity of ammonium bicarbonate in China reached 6.6 million tons as of 2023 [3] - The production of ammonium bicarbonate in China increased from 4.957 million tons in 2019 to 5.66 million tons in 2023, representing a year-on-year growth of 20.14% from 2022 [4] Industry Overview - Ammonium bicarbonate has a lower nitrogen content compared to urea (38%) and ammonium sulfate (81%), leading to increased storage and transportation costs, which has resulted in its gradual replacement by higher nitrogen content fertilizers [1] - The production technology for ammonium bicarbonate mainly includes two methods: traditional gas ammonia conversion to ammonia water and the co-production of ammonium bicarbonate using ammonia-containing melamine tail gas [3]

Core Insights - In July, prices of grains, oils, and subsidiary food products in Zibo City remained stable, while meat prices experienced a slight decline, and vegetable prices showed more increases than decreases [1] Group 1: Grain and Oil Prices - In July, the average price of medium wheat was 1.19 yuan per 500 grams, up 0.85% month-on-month; medium corn also averaged 1.19 yuan per 500 grams, up 1.71%; special flour averaged 2.24 yuan per 500 grams, up 0.45%; peanut oil (5 liters) averaged 146.69 yuan, unchanged from the previous month; granulated sugar averaged 5.50 yuan per 500 grams, unchanged; and refined iodized salt averaged 2.07 yuan per 500 grams, unchanged [2] Group 2: Meat and Egg Prices - In July, the average price of lean pork was 15.51 yuan per 500 grams, down 1.02% month-on-month; five-spice pork averaged 14.36 yuan per 500 grams, down 2.18%; boneless hind leg meat averaged 13.96 yuan per 500 grams, down 1.55%; and rib average price was 19.01 yuan per 500 grams, down 0.99%; lamb averaged 34.57 yuan per 500 grams, down 1.37%; while the average price of white strip chicken was 8.94 yuan per 500 grams, down 1.43% [3] - The average price of eggs in the market was 3.43 yuan per 500 grams, up 0.29%, while supermarket eggs averaged 3.51 yuan per 500 grams, down 0.85% [3] Group 3: Vegetable Prices - In July, the vegetable prices in Zibo City showed more increases than decreases, with 14 out of 17 monitored vegetable prices rising; the main reasons for the price increases included adverse weather conditions affecting growth and increased costs for harvesting and storage [4] Group 4: Metal and Fertilizer Prices - In July, the average price of ammonium bicarbonate was 0.80 yuan per kilogram, down 1.24%; diammonium phosphate averaged 4.07 yuan per kilogram, unchanged; potassium chloride averaged 3.15 yuan per kilogram, down 2.17%; and urea averaged 2.02 yuan per kilogram, down 0.49%; meanwhile, copper averaged 79,581.67 yuan per ton, up 1.15% [5] Group 5: Fuel Prices - In July, the maximum retail prices for fuel were set at 7.22 yuan per liter for 92-octane gasoline, 7.75 yuan for 95-octane gasoline, 6.82 yuan for 0-octane diesel, and 7.22 yuan for -10-octane diesel [6]

Price Trends in Jining City - In June, the prices of major commodities in Jining City showed mixed trends, with slight fluctuations in grain and oil prices, a decline in meat and egg prices, a rebound in vegetable prices, and a stable yet declining trend in agricultural production material prices [1][2][3] Grain and Oil Prices - The average retail prices for wheat and corn were 1.18 yuan/kg and 1.17 yuan/kg, with corn prices increasing by 3.54% month-on-month, while prices for japonica rice and premium flour decreased by 1.54% and 5.56% respectively [1] - The average retail prices for peanut oil and soybean oil were 159.47 yuan/barrel and 63.76 yuan/barrel, with soybean oil prices rising by 2.44% [1] Meat and Egg Prices - The average retail prices for pork (five-flavored and lean) were 12.57 yuan/kg and 14.07 yuan/kg, showing declines of 2.33% and 1.75% respectively [1] - The average retail prices for beef and lamb were 30.18 yuan/kg and 35.03 yuan/kg, with beef prices increasing slightly by 0.10% and lamb prices decreasing by 0.34% [1] - Chicken and egg prices averaged 8.05 yuan/kg and 3.20 yuan/kg, with declines of 0.79% and 8.57% respectively [1][2] Vegetable Prices - Vegetable prices in Jining City rebounded in June, with a composite average price of 2.33 yuan/kg, reflecting a month-on-month increase of 2.14% [2] - Among the monitored 17 types of vegetables, 10 saw price increases while 7 experienced declines, with garlic sprouts and celery showing significant increases of 34.53% and 29.88% respectively [2] Agricultural Production Material Prices - The prices of agricultural production materials showed a stable yet declining trend in June [3] - The average retail prices for fertilizers such as urea, ammonium bicarbonate, compound fertilizers, and potassium chloride were 2.00 yuan/kg, 1.24 yuan/kg, 3.13 yuan/kg, and 3.31 yuan/kg, with decreases of 2.10%, 0.80%, 0.60%, and 0.54% respectively [3] - The price of diammonium phosphate increased slightly by 0.22% to 4.18 yuan/kg [3] - Prices for agricultural films and pesticides remained stable, with average prices for greenhouse and ground films at 13.25 yuan/kg and 12.33 yuan/kg respectively [3]

Core Insights - The overall agricultural market in Zibo, Shandong Province, shows mixed price trends for various commodities in the second quarter compared to the first quarter, with stable wheat prices, rising corn prices, and declining prices for pork, eggs, and certain vegetables [1] Grain Prices - Wheat prices remained stable at 1.19 yuan per 500 grams, while corn prices increased by 10.58% to 1.15 yuan per 500 grams [2] - Flour prices showed little change, with special flour at 2.21 yuan per 500 grams and standard flour at 2.04 yuan per 500 grams, the latter decreasing by 0.97% [2] Livestock Prices - The average price of live pigs decreased by 5.51% to 7.54 yuan per 500 grams, with lean meat and pork prices also declining by 4.99% and 5.76%, respectively [3] - The decline in pork prices is attributed to an oversupply in the market and a seasonal drop in demand following major holidays [3] Egg Prices - Egg prices fell significantly by 17.42% to 3.65 yuan per 500 grams, driven by high production levels and weak demand [4] Vegetable Prices - Vegetable prices exhibited mixed trends, with 2 out of 17 monitored vegetables increasing in price, while 14 saw declines ranging from 9.52% to 38.70% [5] - The overall decrease in vegetable prices is linked to increased supply from seasonal harvests [5] Agricultural Production Material Prices - Prices for agricultural inputs showed mixed results, with ammonium bicarbonate down by 4.60% to 0.83 yuan per kilogram, while diammonium phosphate rose by 0.49% to 4.07 yuan per kilogram [6] Industrial Material Prices - Prices for various industrial materials fluctuated, with copper prices increasing by 1.81% to 78,266.11 yuan per ton, while aluminum prices decreased by 0.62% to 20,272.22 yuan per ton [7] - Chemical product prices also saw declines, with pure benzene dropping by 16.81% to 6,177.78 yuan per ton [8] Future Outlook - The third quarter of 2025 is expected to see grain prices stabilize with a slight upward trend, while pork and egg prices may remain weak [9] - Vegetable prices are anticipated to decline as supply increases with rising temperatures [9]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government is taking measures to ensure stable supply and pricing of fertilizers during the spring farming season, with a focus on increasing production capacity and market regulation [1][5]. Group 1: Fertilizer Supply and Production - National fertilizer companies have ramped up production in response to government policies, leading to a robust supply-demand situation in the market [1][3]. - In the first quarter, Hualu Hengrui, a major nitrogen fertilizer producer, reported a year-on-year increase of 29,220 tons in the production of urea, ammonium bicarbonate, and ammonium sulfate, achieving a growth rate of 27% [2]. - Xingfa Group, a phosphorus fertilizer producer, supplied 133,000 tons of fertilizers to the domestic market, covering key agricultural regions [2]. Group 2: Price Trends and Market Challenges - Urea prices have been declining, with the wholesale price index down 16.53% year-on-year as of March 31, indicating a challenging market environment for producers [4]. - The urea futures price has fluctuated significantly, reaching a low of 1,620 yuan/ton in January 2023, despite a recent recovery [4]. - The nitrogen fertilizer industry is facing a "high production, high inventory, low profit" dilemma, with concerns about oversupply as new production capacities come online [4][5]. Group 3: Future Outlook and Recommendations - The China Nitrogen Fertilizer Industry Association predicts an increase in urea production capacity by 6.6 million tons by 2025, potentially leading to an oversupply situation [5]. - Industry leaders are calling for better data forecasting from relevant authorities to aid in production planning and maintain market stability [5]. - Companies are urged to adhere to national policies to avoid market disruptions caused by price manipulation [5].