Core Viewpoint - The Shenzhou-20 crew successfully completed their mission in space, spending 203 days in orbit and achieving significant scientific results before returning to Earth on November 14 [1][12]. Group 1: Mission Achievements - The Shenzhou-20 mission covered various fields including space life sciences, microgravity fundamental physics, space materials science, aerospace medicine, and new aerospace technologies, yielding several key results [3]. - Notable achievements include the production of high-quality protein crystals that may provide potential targets for cancer treatment, the successful heating of tungsten alloy to 3100 degrees Celsius, setting a new record for space materials science experiments, and the first discovery of charged colloids crystallizing into long-lived metastable structures in microgravity [6]. - The crew conducted four extravehicular activities and seven payload operations, completing tasks such as the installation of space debris protection devices and external facility inspections, which enhanced the efficiency of extravehicular operations [10]. Group 2: Collaboration and Logistics - In July, the Shenzhou-20 welcomed the arrival of the Tianzhou-9 cargo spacecraft, which delivered 6.5 tons of supplies, including consumables, propellants, and new extravehicular spacesuits, while also allowing for a "lifespan assessment" of existing suits [8]. - During the extended stay due to a suspected impact from micro-debris, the Shenzhou-20 crew collaborated with the Shenzhou-21 crew to conduct in-orbit scientific experiments, sharing experiences and data [12].

Core Points - The Shenzhou 20 astronaut crew is scheduled to return on November 14 aboard the Shenzhou 21 spacecraft, with all crew members in good condition and preparations underway at the landing site [1] - The Shenzhou 20 mission lasted 203 days, during which the crew completed all planned tasks, achieving significant results in various scientific fields [2][4] Group 1: Mission Achievements - The crew conducted experiments in space life sciences, microgravity fundamental physics, space materials science, aerospace medicine, and new aerospace technologies, yielding phase results [2] - Notable achievements include the successful growth of high-quality protein crystals, which may provide potential targets for cancer treatment, and the heating of tungsten alloy to 3100 degrees Celsius, setting a new record for international space materials science experiments [2] - The crew also discovered charged colloids crystallizing into long-lived metastable structures in microgravity [2] Group 2: Additional Activities - During the mission, the crew took care of zebrafish and a space vegetable garden, contributing to the life atmosphere of the space station and providing valuable experimental data [4] - In July, the Shenzhou 20 received a cargo delivery from the Tianzhou 9 spacecraft, which included supplies for the astronauts and new extravehicular spacesuits, along with valuable data from the evaluation of existing suits [7] - The crew completed four extravehicular activities and seven payload transfer tasks, including the installation of space debris protection devices and external auxiliary equipment, enhancing the efficiency of extravehicular operations [10] Group 3: Delays and Collaboration - The return of the Shenzhou 20 was delayed due to a suspected impact from small space debris, allowing the crew to collaborate with the Shenzhou 21 crew on in-orbit scientific experiments [13]

Core Points - The Shenzhou 21 manned mission is scheduled for launch on October 31, 2023, at 23:44 Beijing time, with a crew consisting of Zhang Lu, Wu Fei, and Zhang Hongzhang [6] - This mission marks the sixth manned flight during the application and development phase of the space station and the 37th flight of the manned space program [7] - The crew will conduct 27 scientific and application projects, including experiments on space life sciences and microgravity fluid physics [8][9] Group 1: Mission Overview - The primary objective of the Shenzhou 21 mission is to complete an in-orbit crew rotation with the Shenzhou 20 crew and to stay in the space station for approximately six months [7] - The mission will involve various tasks such as extravehicular activities, cargo handling, and installation of space debris protection devices [7] - The Shenzhou 21 spacecraft will autonomously dock with the Tianhe core module approximately 3.5 hours after entering orbit [7] Group 2: Scientific Research - The mission will include the first domestic space experiment with rodents, studying the effects of microgravity on behavior and physiological responses [8] - Additional projects will explore the origins of genetic codes and chirality in space environments [8] - The mission aims to provide a foundation for future scientific research and applications in space [9] Group 3: International Cooperation - China plans to arrange for a Pakistani astronaut to participate in a short-term flight mission as part of ongoing international cooperation in manned spaceflight [10] - The selection process for the Pakistani astronaut is underway, with training scheduled to take place in China [10] Group 4: Astronaut Profiles - Zhang Lu, the commander of the Shenzhou 21 mission, emphasizes the importance of thorough training and preparation for the mission [15] - Wu Fei, the youngest astronaut in the mission, has transitioned from an engineering role to a flight engineer, focusing on a broader range of knowledge [20][22] - Zhang Hongzhang, a payload specialist, brings his research background to the mission, highlighting the significance of conducting experiments in space [24][26] Group 5: Future Goals - China remains committed to achieving manned lunar landings by 2030, with ongoing development of key technologies and systems [12] - The country is increasingly involving commercial entities in space projects, enhancing the pace of development [13][14]

Core Points - The Shenzhou 21 manned mission is scheduled for launch on October 31, 2023, at 23:44 Beijing time, with a crew consisting of Zhang Lu, Wu Fei, and Zhang Hongzhang, representing three types of active astronauts in China [1] - The mission aims to conduct in-orbit rotation with the Shenzhou 20 crew, stay in the space station for approximately six months, and perform various scientific and application experiments [2][3] - The crew will carry out 27 new scientific and application projects, including experiments on space life sciences and microgravity fluid physics [3] - A Pakistani astronaut is planned to be selected for a short-term flight mission to the Chinese space station, promoting international cooperation in space exploration [4] - Two astronauts from Hong Kong and Macau have integrated into the astronaut team and are undergoing training for future missions [5] - The mission will utilize improved extravehicular spacesuits that have been tested for durability and comfort [6] - China is committed to achieving manned lunar landing by 2030, with ongoing development of various spacecraft and technologies [7] - The commercial space sector is increasingly involved in the development of space station and lunar exploration projects, enhancing efficiency and innovation [8] Mission Details - The Shenzhou 21 mission will involve autonomous rapid rendezvous and docking with the Tianhe core module, forming a combination of three spacecraft and three modules [2] - The crew will engage in space science education and public welfare activities during their stay [2] - The mission will include the installation of space debris protection devices and other external equipment [2] Scientific Research - The mission will focus on key scientific issues in various fields, including space medicine and new technologies [3] - Notable experiments include the first in-orbit study of rodents to understand the effects of microgravity on behavior [3] - Research will also explore the origins of genetic codes and the relationship between chirality and amino acids in space [3] International Collaboration - The selection process for a Pakistani astronaut is underway, with training and preparation being conducted in both Pakistan and China [4] - The initiative aims to foster international cooperation in space exploration and technology development [4] Astronaut Profiles - Zhang Lu, the commander, emphasizes the importance of thorough training and preparation for the mission [9][12] - Wu Fei, the youngest astronaut, focuses on broadening his knowledge across multiple disciplines to ensure effective problem-solving in space [14][15] - Zhang Hongzhang, a payload specialist, expresses the responsibility and honor of conducting experiments in space, highlighting the collaborative effort of ground researchers [18][21]

Core Points - The Shenzhou 21 mission is set to launch on October 31, 2023, with a crew of three astronauts, including Zhang Lu, who will serve as the commander, and two first-time space travelers, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang [1][2] - This mission marks a significant step in China's manned space program, showcasing a diverse crew representing different generations and expertise [1][4] Group 1: Astronaut Profiles - Zhang Lu, the commander, has extensive experience and is expected to break the record for the most spacewalks by a Chinese astronaut [2][3] - Wu Fei, at 32 years old, is the youngest astronaut to execute a mission for China, bringing a background in spacecraft thermal testing [5][6] - Zhang Hongzhang, a payload specialist, has a strong research background in new materials and will conduct scientific experiments in space [7][9] Group 2: Mission Objectives and Expectations - The crew aims to achieve several milestones, including the first "space rendezvous" and the completion of multiple spacewalks, contributing to the establishment of a long-term human presence in space [3][4] - The astronauts will engage in various scientific experiments, including thermal control system tests and other research projects, enhancing China's capabilities in space technology [6][10] - The mission is expected to foster collaboration between astronauts and ground researchers, ensuring the successful execution of complex experiments [10]

Core Points - The article highlights the importance of university museums in fostering scientific interest and innovation among students through engaging exhibits and stories of renowned scientists [2][3][4][5][8]. Group 1: University Museums and Their Role - University museums serve as vital components of the scientific innovation system, providing students with immersive experiences in science and technology [2]. - Exhibits in these museums often showcase the contributions of historical figures in science, inspiring students to pursue their academic and professional goals [3][4][5]. Group 2: Inspirational Stories of Scientists - The stories of scientists like Qian Xuesen and Yuan Longping are prominently featured, emphasizing their dedication to national development and the impact of their work on future generations [3][4]. - Students express how these narratives motivate them to contribute to their fields and serve their country, reflecting a strong sense of responsibility and ambition [4][9]. Group 3: Engaging Exhibits and Activities - Various universities organize activities and exhibitions that highlight significant scientific achievements, such as the development of nuclear energy and aerospace technology [5][6][7]. - The hands-on experiences and educational programs offered in these museums are designed to ignite students' passion for science and technology [8][9].

Core Points - The Shenzhou 20 astronaut crew celebrated the 76th anniversary of the founding of New China from space, expressing pride in their achievements and gratitude for national support [1][2] - The crew has been in orbit for over 150 days, completing four extravehicular activities, marking them as one of the two crews with the most extravehicular tasks [1] - The astronauts are conducting various experiments in fields such as life sciences, microgravity physics, and new space technologies during their time on the space station [1] Group 1 - The Shenzhou 20 crew members expressed their feelings of pride and honor while observing Earth from space, highlighting the successful harvest from the "space vegetable garden" [1] - The crew is preparing for the arrival of the Shenzhou 21 team and is committed to completing their scientific experiments [2] - The astronauts conveyed their deep affection for their homeland, wishing for the prosperity and stability of the nation [2]

Core Viewpoint - The Shenzhou 20 crew is preparing for their fourth extravehicular activity (EVA) as part of China's space station program, indicating ongoing advancements in the country's space exploration efforts [1] Group 1 - The Shenzhou 20 crew will conduct the fourth EVA soon, showcasing the progress of China's manned space missions [1] - Astronauts have completed checks and tests on their extravehicular suits, indicating thorough preparation for the upcoming activity [1] - The space station's operational stability is confirmed, and the Shenzhou 20 crew is reported to be in good condition, ready for the EVA [1]

Core Insights - The Shenzhou-20 mission continues with astronauts Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie engaged in various tasks aboard the space station [1] Group 1: Extravehicular Activities - The new extravehicular spacesuits D and E were unpacked, transported, and inspected for functionality [2] Group 2: Life Sciences and Biotechnology Experiments - Research on the impact of space environment on the human blood-brain barrier using organ-on-a-chip technology was conducted, aiming to provide health risk predictions for long-term space missions [4] - Experiments related to bone metabolism and microbial interactions with nutrition were completed, including the use of a Raman spectrometer to analyze urine samples [6] Group 3: Space Technology and Applications - Microbial control technology tests were performed in the extraterrestrial habitat, assessing the effectiveness of disinfection methods [8] - Installation of the core technology verification project for advanced material energy conversion and regeneration systems was completed [10] Group 4: Microgravity Physics - Tasks related to combustion science experiments were carried out, including the replacement of experimental burner components [12] Group 5: Training and Health Maintenance - A mixed reality training device was tested, allowing astronauts to interact smoothly using voice and gesture commands [13] - Health maintenance activities included measurements of bone density, muscle dimensions, and strength tests, along with exercises to counteract weightlessness [15]

Core Insights - The Shenzhou-20 crew, consisting of three astronauts, is actively engaged in various tasks aboard the Chinese space station, showcasing significant advancements in space research and technology [1][2]. Group 1: Space Suit and Equipment - The crew completed the unpacking, transfer, and functional checks of the new extravehicular space suits D and E, which are expected to debut in space soon [2]. - Installation and testing of a -80℃ space refrigerator in the Wentian laboratory module were also completed [15]. Group 2: Life Sciences and Health Research - Research on the impact of space environment on the human blood-brain barrier using organ-on-chip technology is underway, aiming to provide health risk predictions for long-term space missions [2]. - The crew conducted various studies in space medicine, including bone metabolism and microbiome-nutrition interactions, utilizing a Raman spectrometer to analyze metabolic components in urine samples [5][18]. Group 3: Microbial Control and Environmental Studies - Ongoing experiments focus on microbial control technologies in extraterrestrial habitats, with bacteria detection tests performed before and after disinfection to evaluate effectiveness [8]. - The crew is also studying the effects of respiratory tract microorganisms on respiratory health by collecting and preserving throat swabs for later analysis [9]. Group 4: Physical Science and Technology Development - The crew replaced components in combustion science experiments and installed equipment for the core technology verification project related to integrated microbial fuel cells for wastewater purification and energy utilization in space [11][12]. - A mixed reality training device was tested, allowing astronauts to interact with the system using voice and gesture commands [13][16].