据新华网10月10日消息，美国国家公路交通安全管理局（NHTSA）于10月9日宣布，将对约288万辆配备"完全自动驾驶"系统（Full-Self Driving，FSD）的 特斯拉汽车展开调查，原因是收到50余起交通安全违规及事故报告。调查方指出，该系统可能导致车辆出现闯红灯、违规变道等行为。目前正在审查的58 起报告中，涉及14起事故，共造成23人受伤。 据报道，此次调查中，有6起事故报告显示，使用"完全自动驾驶"系统的特斯拉汽车在红灯时驶入路口并与其他车辆相撞，其中4起事故导致人员受伤。另 有车主投诉，"完全自动驾驶"系统未能准确识别交通信号灯或未在红灯时完全停下车，但特斯拉"没有解决问题甚至不承认存在问题"。 图片来源：特斯拉官网 自2021年8月起，NHTSA就对特斯拉Autopilot系统启动调查，涉及至少322起事故。调查指出，该系统存在"关键安全缺口"。据央视新闻报道，当地时间 2025年8月1日，美国佛罗里达州一陪审团裁定，特斯拉对一起2019年使用Autopilot过程中导致一死一伤的车祸负责，判其赔偿原告2.4亿美元（约合人民 币17.3亿元）。特斯拉方面认为，事故主因是驾驶员操作不当，并 ...

每经记者｜刘曦 每经编辑｜金冥羽 据新华网10月10日消息，美国国家公路交通安全管理局（NHTSA）于10月9日宣布，将对约288万辆配备"完全自动驾驶"系统（Full-Self Driving，FSD）的 特斯拉汽车展开调查，原因是收到50余起交通安全违规及事故报告。调查方指出，该系统可能导致车辆出现闯红灯、违规变道等行为。目前正在审查的58 起报告中，涉及14起事故，共造成23人受伤。 据报道，此次调查中，有6起事故报告显示，使用"完全自动驾驶"系统的特斯拉汽车在红灯时驶入路口并与其他车辆相撞，其中4起事故导致人员受伤。另 有车主投诉，"完全自动驾驶"系统未能准确识别交通信号灯或未在红灯时完全停下车，但特斯拉"没有解决问题甚至不承认存在问题"。 针对此次调查，特斯拉官方目前暂无回应。据新华网报道，此次行动属于初步评估阶段，若后续认定相关车辆存在"不合理安全风险"，管理局可能要求特 斯拉进行召回。或受此消息影响，截至美东时间10月10日收盘，特斯拉股价报413.49美元/股，跌幅为5.06%，当日市值蒸发大约73.22亿美元。近5个交易 日内，特斯拉市值下跌3.80%。 特斯拉在全球多地面临调查与诉讼 图片 ...

Core Insights - The commercialization of autonomous driving is accelerating globally, with companies like Waymo and Baidu Apollo significantly increasing their fleets and service offerings [1][2] - Despite the apparent maturity of technology, there are still unresolved debates regarding sensor solutions and system architectures that will shape the future of autonomous driving [3][4] Sensor Solutions - There are two main camps in the sensor debate: pure vision and multi-sensor fusion, each with its own advantages and challenges [4][9] - The pure vision approach, championed by Tesla, relies on cameras and deep learning algorithms, offering lower costs and scalability, but struggles in adverse weather conditions [7][9] - Multi-sensor fusion, favored by companies like Waymo and NIO, emphasizes safety through redundancy, combining various sensors to enhance reliability [9][10] Sensor Types - LiDAR is known for its high precision in creating 3D point clouds but comes with high costs, making it less accessible for mass commercialization [11][13] - 4D millimeter-wave radar offers advantages in adverse weather conditions but lacks the resolution of LiDAR, leading to a complementary relationship between the two technologies [13][15] Algorithmic Approaches - The industry is divided between modular and end-to-end algorithm designs, with the latter gaining traction for its potential to optimize performance without information loss [16][18] - End-to-end models, while promising, face challenges related to traceability and safety, leading to the emergence of hybrid approaches that seek to balance performance and explainability [18][22] AI Models - The debate continues between Visual Language Models (VLM) and Visual Language Action Models (VLA), with VLM focusing on interpretability and VLA on performance optimization [19][21] - VLM is currently more widely adopted among major companies due to its maturity and lower training costs, while VLA is explored by companies like Tesla and Geely for its advanced reasoning capabilities [25][26] Industry Trends - The ongoing technological debates are leading to a convergence of ideas, with sensor technologies and algorithmic approaches increasingly integrating to enhance the capabilities of autonomous driving systems [25][26]

文丨詹詹 编辑丨杜海 来源丨正经社（ID：zhengjingshe） （本文约为600字） 原告律师也指控：特斯拉明知系统仅适用于封闭高速公路，却放任其在城市道路激活；马斯克公开宣称"Autopilot比人类更安全"的营销话术，更模糊了技术 责任边界。 最新消息是，特斯拉不服判决，已申请重新审理。他们认为事故责任完全在司机的鲁莽行为，并警告此类判决可能会阻碍安全技术的研发。这不仅是目前特 斯拉遇到的赔偿金额最大的官司，同时也是特斯拉在有关辅助驾驶案件中的首次败诉。【《正经社》出品】 CEO·首席研究员|曹甲清·责编|唐卫平·编辑|杜海·百进·编务|安安·校对|然然 声明：文中观点仅供参考，勿作投资建议。投资有风险，入市需谨慎 喜欢文章的朋友请关注正经社，我们将持续进行价值发现与风险警示 转载正经社任一原创文章，均须获得授权并完整保留文首和文尾的版权信息，否则视为侵权 近日，美国佛罗里达州法院对特斯拉Autopilot系统致人死亡案作出历史性判决，裁定特斯拉承担33%的责任，赔偿总额高达2.425亿美元，约合人民币17.49 亿元。 这是一起2019年发生在佛罗里达州的致命车祸，一辆开启Autopilot的特斯 ...

Group 1 - Baird analysts reaffirmed a "neutral" rating on Tesla (TSLA.US) and lowered delivery and regulatory credit expectations for the second half of 2025, indicating signs of weakness in its automotive business [1] - The analysts believe that market expectations for Tesla's profitability remain overly optimistic and urge the company to clarify timelines for its autonomous taxi and Optimus projects [1][2] - Tesla is currently facing multiple legal and regulatory challenges, including a collective lawsuit approved by a California judge in August 2025, which accuses the company of misleading consumers about the capabilities of its Full Self-Driving (FSD) system for eight years [1] Group 2 - The lawsuit reflects a significant shift in judicial responsibility regarding autonomous driving, as courts are beginning to hold automakers accountable for creating a "false sense of security" in their marketing, while still emphasizing the driver's duty of care [1] - A lawsuit in Florida further exposes systemic flaws in Tesla's systems, alleging that the company delayed critical safety updates and misrepresented its Autopilot system as "nearly autonomous" despite only having partial driving assistance capabilities [1] - Analysts emphasize that Tesla needs to provide transparent disclosures regarding its profitability pathways and the commercialization timeline of its autonomous driving technology to stabilize market expectations, particularly for the autonomous taxi and Optimus robot projects [2]

Group 1: Tesla Legal Issues - Tesla is involved in multiple lawsuits and regulatory disputes, including compensation for a fatal accident related to its autonomous driving technology and a jurisdictional dispute with the SEC [1] - Tesla has filed a motion in the Southern District of Florida to overturn or reconsider a ruling in a product liability and wrongful death case, which could result in a compensation of approximately $242.5 million if upheld [1] - A jury previously found Tesla partially liable for a 2019 fatal accident in Florida involving a Model S vehicle operating in enhanced Autopilot mode [1] Group 2: xAI and Competition with OpenAI - Elon Musk's AI startup xAI has filed a lawsuit against a former engineer for allegedly stealing trade secrets related to the Grok chatbot and moving to competitor OpenAI [2] - The lawsuit highlights the ongoing talent and technology competition between Musk and OpenAI, with Musk also suing OpenAI for deviating from its original mission [2] - xAI has also filed a lawsuit against OpenAI and Apple, accusing them of monopolizing the AI chatbot market on Apple devices [2] Group 3: Tesla Stock Performance - Analysts believe the legal issues have limited impact on Tesla's stock price, referencing a past incident in 2018 that did not alter the company's long-term trajectory [3] - On a recent trading day, Tesla's stock price fell by 3.5% to close at $333.87, failing to break the critical technical level of $340 [3] - Year-to-date, Tesla's stock is down approximately 14%, but it has seen a cumulative increase of 68% over the past 12 months [3]

Core Viewpoint - A jury in Miami has ruled that Tesla is partially responsible for a fatal accident involving its Model S with Autopilot, ordering the company to pay approximately $243 million in damages, marking a significant precedent in the autonomous driving industry [2][3][4]. Group 1: Accident Details - The accident occurred in 2019 when a Tesla Model S, driven by George McGee, crashed into a stationary vehicle while he was distracted by his phone, resulting in one death and one injury [3][4]. - The jury found Tesla liable for 33% of the accident's responsibility, leading to a compensation order of $243 million, which includes $42.6 million in compensatory damages and $200 million in punitive damages [3][4]. Group 2: Legal and Technical Implications - The jury criticized Tesla's Autopilot system for failing to intervene during the accident and for allowing drivers to disengage from steering for extended periods without adequate monitoring, raising concerns about the system's safety [4][5]. - Tesla's marketing strategy was deemed misleading, as it exaggerated the capabilities of the Autopilot system, leading to user over-reliance and increased accident risk [4][5]. Group 3: Robotaxi Service Launch - Tesla launched its Robotaxi service in Austin, Texas, in June 2025, with initial operations limited to a small fleet of modified Model Y vehicles equipped with advanced hardware and software [6][7]. - The Robotaxi service has faced numerous operational issues, including erratic behavior during turns and inconsistent speed regulation, raising public safety concerns [7][8]. Group 4: Regulatory Environment - In California, Tesla's Robotaxi service is subject to stricter regulations, requiring a safety operator in the driver's seat, which contrasts with the fully autonomous claims made by the company [8][9]. - Competitors like Waymo have received regulatory approval for public Robotaxi services, highlighting Tesla's challenges in navigating the regulatory landscape [9][10]. Group 5: Business Strategy and Challenges - Tesla's aggressive push for Robotaxi services is seen as a response to declining sales and performance, with CEO Elon Musk aiming to establish this segment as a new growth engine [10][11]. - The company faces legal challenges from shareholders alleging securities fraud related to the safety risks of its autonomous driving technology, further complicating its operational strategy [10][11].

Core Viewpoint - General Motors (GM) is accelerating its efforts in autonomous driving by recalling approximately 1,000 former Cruise engineers to refocus on passenger vehicle autonomous driving research, aiming for L3 to L5 levels of automation [1][4]. Group 1: Strategic Shift - GM is shifting from a previous focus on Robotaxi platform expansion to a more pragmatic approach centered on passenger vehicle Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), emphasizing safety redundancy, cost constraints, and production rhythm [1][4]. - The new Chief Product Officer, Sterling Anderson, is driving this strategic pivot, leveraging his experience from Aurora, a company known for its fully autonomous truck services [3][6]. Group 2: Technical Integration - The recall of former Cruise talent is intended to integrate the advanced perception, planning, simulation, and safety systems developed in complex urban environments into new passenger vehicle production platforms, thereby shortening engineering ramp-up time and preventing the loss of critical capabilities [4][6]. - GM's previous autonomous driving strategy faced challenges, leading to a pause in the expansion of Cruise's Robotaxi services due to regulatory pressures, financial losses, and operational vulnerabilities [8][9]. Group 3: Future Outlook - The decision to restart ADAS research reflects GM's confidence in the technology and a strategic prioritization of "deliverable, regulatory-compliant, and sustainable" passenger vehicle automation over fully autonomous driving in the short term [9]. - By focusing on L2+/L3 systems across more vehicle models and scenarios, GM aims to build a foundation of safety data and engineering capabilities for future advancements in higher-level autonomous driving [9].

Core Viewpoint - An investor has filed a lawsuit against Tesla and CEO Elon Musk, alleging that the company exaggerated the effectiveness of its autonomous driving technology prior to the launch of its Robotaxi service [1] Group 1: Lawsuit Details - The lawsuit was filed in the federal court in the Western District of Texas, claiming that Tesla misrepresented the safety of its autonomous vehicles, increasing the likelihood of regulatory scrutiny [1] - The plaintiff, Denise Morand, aims to represent investors who purchased Tesla stock since April 19, 2023, seeking compensation for alleged violations of securities laws [4] Group 2: Impact on Stock Price - Following negative media coverage of traffic violations during the Robotaxi service trial, Tesla's stock price dropped by 6.1% over two trading days, closing at $327.55 on June 25 [1] - Tesla's stock price slightly decreased by 0.068% to $309.05 on a recent Monday [2] Group 3: Previous Legal Issues - Tesla was recently ordered to pay $243 million in a separate case related to a fatal accident involving its Autopilot system, marking its first significant legal defeat concerning its driving assistance technology [5] - The company has faced ongoing pressure on its stock price due to various factors, including controversies surrounding Musk's role in the Trump administration and a slowdown in new vehicle sales [5] Group 4: Executive Compensation - Tesla approved a temporary stock reward plan worth approximately $30 billion to incentivize Musk to remain with the company, emphasizing the belief that his leadership will create shareholder value [5]

Core Insights - Tesla's Optimus humanoid robot project is undergoing a leadership change as Milan Kovac, the project engineering lead, has announced his departure, with Ashok Elluswamy taking over [1][4][5] - The transition occurs as the Optimus project is entering a critical phase for mass production, raising industry interest in Tesla's robotics strategy [1][5] Group 1: Leadership Change - Milan Kovac has decided to leave Tesla, citing personal reasons and a desire to spend more time with family, while assuring that this decision will not impact the project's progress [4] - Ashok Elluswamy, the new lead, has extensive experience in autonomous driving algorithms and previously served as the director of Autopilot software [4] Group 2: Project Timeline and Goals - Tesla plans to deploy 1,000 units of the Optimus robot in its factories by the end of 2025, focusing on tasks such as battery handling and material transport [4] - The company aims for large-scale production and external sales by 2026, targeting an annual production of 1 million units [4] - Elon Musk has indicated that the capabilities of the Optimus robot, including speed and precision, have significantly improved, with expectations for unprecedented growth rates in the future [4][5] Group 3: Strategic Importance - The advancement of the Optimus project is crucial not only for the robotics market but also for creating an ecosystem that integrates Tesla's energy and autonomous driving businesses [5] - The success of the project under Elluswamy's leadership will be a key indicator of Tesla's AI strategy effectiveness, particularly in achieving the 2026 production goals [5]