公开市场操作与资金利率：本周央行净回笼 1.56 万亿，质押式回购利率全线走 低；各期限 Shibor 整各期限品种均小幅下行。银行资负跟踪：资产端，国债 收益率全线下行，1Y、3Y、5Y、10Y 及 30Y 各期限收益率均较上期小幅下行。 3 月大行票据转贴现累计净买入规模同比少增，1M、3M 和半年票据利率分别为 1.53%、1.38%、1.17%，分别较上期末变动 8BP、-15BP、-13BP。负债端， 本期同业存单发行额增加，净融资额增加，1M 存单利率平稳，3M 及以上期限 收益率均下行。。 证券研究报告 | 行业深度报告 2026 年 03 月 08 日 "两会"释放的金融信号 ——金融风向标 2026-W09 总量研究/银行 ❑ 外部不确定性加剧，本周 A 股下跌，而银行板块防御价值显现。全国"两会" 顺利召开，总理做了 2026 年《政府工作报告》。其中关于金融工作的部署， 主要集中在货币政策、金融风险防范，以及体制改革等方面。 ❑ 【周观察·动向】 监管动态：3 月 6 日，十四届全国人大四次会议举行记者会。中国人民银行行长 潘功胜就货币政策、金融风险防范、金融业对外开放等回答记者提问。行 ...

政策稳步发力，结构优化，动能转换 —— 银行视角 2026 年全国两会解读 分析师：张一纬 分析师：袁世麟 银行行业 | | | 分析师 张一纬 www.chinastock.com.cn 证券研究报告 请务必阅读正文最后的中国银河证券股份有限公司免责声明 行业深度报告 · 银行行业 政策稳步发力，结构优化，动能转换 —— 银行视角 2026 年全国两会解读 2026 年 03 月 06 日 核心观点 ：010-80927617 ：zhangyiwei_yj@chinastock.com.cn 分析师登记编码：S0130519010001 研究助理：袁世麟 ：yuanshilin_yj@chinastock.com.cn 相对沪深 300 表现图 2026 年 03 月 05 日 -20% 0% 20% 40% 2025/3/6 2025/4/6 2025/5/6 2025/6/6 2025/7/6 2025/8/6 2025/9/6 2025/10/6 2025/11/6 2025/12/6 2026/1/6 2026/2/6 SW银行 沪深300 资料来源：中国银河证券研究院 相关研究 1.【银河银行】行 ...

记者丨 张欣 编辑丨方海平 肖嘉 "拟发行特别国债3000亿元，支持国有大型商业银行补充资本。"3月5日，十四届全国人大四次 会议开幕，国务院总理李强在作政府工作报告时明确表示。 这意味着，继2025年首笔5000亿元特别国债注资中国银行、建设银行、交通银行、邮储银行 后，第二轮国有大行资本补充计划正式启动。 随着新一轮注资安排提上日程，市场目光自然聚焦于尚未获得首轮注资的工商银行与农业银 行。 在"分期分批、一行一策"的政策思路下，这两家银行被认为有望在此轮注资中优先获得 资本补充。 根据全球系统重要性银行的资本要求，工商银行、农业银行的核心一级资本充足率监管底线分 别为9.5%和9.0%。截至2025年三季度末，两家银行的核心一级资本充足率均满足监管要求， 分别为13.57%（同比下降2.72%）和11.16%（同比下降2.28%）。 在经营环境承压、监管要求趋严的背景下，国有大行资本补充需求持续存在。此次特别国债的 再度发行，是国家层面巩固大型商业银行稳健性、提升其服务实体经济主力军作用的延续性战 略部署。 更多相关内容 出品丨21财经客户端 21世纪经济报道 编辑丨张嘉钰 赤字规模将增加2300亿，释 ...

2026.03. 05 在此背景下，第二批国有大行资本补充计划已在市场预期之内。"这是2025年政策的延续，3000亿元 特别国债定向补充国有大行核心一级资本。"上海金融与发展实验室主任曾刚对第一财经表示，此举 属前瞻性布局：一是缓解大行因净息差收窄、盈利放缓导致的内源资本补充压力，提升资本充足率与 抗风险能力；二是增强信贷投放能力，按杠杆效应可撬动数万亿元信贷，更好支持实体经济与稳增 长；三是夯实金融"压舱石"，配合化解地方金融风险、维护金融稳定。 惠誉评级亚太区金融机构评级董事薛慧如也对第一财经表示："此次国有大行资本补充计划的整体进 度符合我们预期。"她认为，中国政府对国有银行的增资计划彰显了强劲支持，并有助于缓解银行盈 利及资本压力，从而提升服务实体经济的能力，以及面临内外部冲击时的风险抵御能力。 作者 | 第一财经 亓宁 3月5日，十四届全国人大四次会议开幕，国务院总理李强作政府工作报告，明确今年拟发行特别国 债3000亿元，支持国有大型商业银行补充资本。 这也意味着，继2025年5000亿元特别国债注资4家国有大行到账之后，第二批国有大行注资安排已经 在路上。在财政部时隔26年再度发行特别国债注资 ...

Market Overview - The mobile banking app industry in China is transitioning to a mature stage, with user behavior becoming more efficient as the user base stabilizes. The focus is shifting from prolonged browsing to high-frequency, short-duration, and purpose-driven usage, necessitating refined operations [1][7][9]. Technology Trends - AI and ecosystem integration are driving a transformation in service delivery. AI and large models are becoming core infrastructures, enhancing business operations and interactions, while native adaptations and smart risk control improve user experience and security [2][11]. Policy Environment - Regulatory frameworks are tightening, emphasizing compliance and innovation. The "Five Major Articles" guide innovation directions, while new rules on data security and existing user base management establish compliance as a prerequisite for development [3][14]. Competitive Landscape - The competitive landscape is increasingly defined by ecological and regional capabilities. State-owned banks leverage embedded ecosystems for a competitive edge, while joint-stock banks survive through professional differentiation. Regional banks grow through local market penetration, and private banks are becoming relatively marginalized [4][16]. User Engagement and Demographics - The core user demographic for mobile banking apps consists predominantly of males (56.7%), with 63.3% under 40 years old and 66.5% being married. The user base is heavily concentrated in new first-tier and lower-tier cities, with a significant portion of users belonging to the middle-income group [6][45][48]. User Behavior Insights - From March 2023 to December 2025, the frequency of app usage is expected to slightly decline, while the effective usage duration will stabilize after a decrease. This indicates a shift from passive browsing to more efficient, functional usage, highlighting the need for banks to enhance service value and user experience [9][11]. Monthly Active Users (MAU) Rankings - The top mobile banking apps by average MAU in 2025 include Agricultural Bank of China (249 million), Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (194 million), and China Construction Bank (108 million). The rankings reflect a strong presence of state-owned banks in the top tier [5][18][21]. Case Studies of Leading Banks - Agricultural Bank of China aims to enhance user experience through its mobile banking version 11.0, focusing on intelligent service matching and comprehensive security [30]. - Industrial and Commercial Bank of China emphasizes smart financial services with its app version 1.0, offering features like wealth management and consumer loans [33]. - Postal Savings Bank of China targets a more companion-like service approach with its app version 11.0, enhancing user engagement [35]. - China Merchants Bank leads among joint-stock banks with a focus on wealth management and digital loan processing in its app version 14.0 [37]. - Ping An Bank's app version 8.0 emphasizes AI-driven service enhancements and personalized insights [39]. - Beijing Bank's app version 10.0 aims to provide a comprehensive financial ecosystem for users [41]. Future Outlook - The mobile banking app market is expected to continue evolving, with a focus on integrating advanced technologies and enhancing user engagement through tailored services, particularly for the core demographic of young and middle-aged users [11][14][48].

Core Viewpoint - The gold market in 2026 is characterized by significant volatility, with prices fluctuating around $5000 per ounce and an annual amplitude exceeding 30%. Central bank gold purchases in January 2026 were only 20% of the average monthly demand since 2025, indicating a broadening demand base for gold reserves despite a slowdown in purchasing momentum [1][2]. Group 1: Central Bank Activities - In January 2026, central bank gold purchases were concentrated in Asia and Eastern Europe, with Uzbekistan's central bank buying 9 tons, raising its reserves to 399 tons, and increasing its gold reserve percentage from 57% in 2020 to 86% [2]. - Malaysia's central bank entered the gold market for the first time since 2018, purchasing 3 tons, bringing its total reserves to 42 tons, which is 5% of its total reserves [2]. - The Bank of Korea plans to include physical gold ETFs in its foreign exchange reserves for the first time since 2013, indicating a renewed interest in gold investments [3]. Group 2: Market Dynamics and Geopolitical Factors - The World Gold Council suggests that the demand from global central banks may become a core trend in 2026, as evidenced by the renewed interest from Malaysia and South Korea in increasing their gold exposure [3]. - Geopolitical tensions, particularly between the U.S. and Iran, are expected to maintain high market volatility and could drive gold prices higher in the short term, despite potential profit-taking pressures [3]. Group 3: Risk Management in Precious Metals Trading - Several banks have issued risk warnings and tightened trading rules due to increased volatility in the precious metals market, advising clients to participate in trading rationally [5][6]. - Banks like China Construction Bank and Industrial and Commercial Bank of China have implemented measures such as extending delivery times for physical gold orders and increasing margin requirements for trading [5][7]. - A recent survey indicated that 50% of fund managers view "going long on gold" as the most crowded trade, reflecting heightened interest in gold investments [7].

FF301 本月底法定/註冊股本總額： RMB 120,095,053,492 | 證券代號 (如上市) | 601658 | 說明 | A股(上海證券交易所) | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | 法定/註冊股份數目 | | 面值 | | 法定/註冊股本 | | | 上月底結存 | | | 100,238,886,492 RMB | | 1 RMB | | 100,238,886,492 | | 增加 / 減少 (-) | | | | | RMB | | | | 本月底結存 | | | 100,238,886,492 RMB | | 1 RMB | | 100,238,886,492 | 1. 股份分類 普通股 股份類別 H 於香港聯交所上市 (註1) 是 證券代號 (如上市) 01658 說明 H股 法定/註冊股份數目 面值 法定/註冊股本 上月底結存 19,856,167,000 RMB 1 RMB 19,856,167,000 增加 / 減少 (-) RMB 本月底結存 19,856,167,000 RMB ...

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Buy" [5]. Core Viewpoints - The report forecasts a social financing growth rate of 8.1% for February 2026, with a total social financing increment of 2.1 trillion CNY, which is a year-on-year decrease of 0.1 trillion CNY [4][7]. - It is expected that the total outstanding social financing will reach 451.1 trillion CNY by the end of February, reflecting a year-on-year growth rate of 8.1% and a month-on-month decline of 0.07 percentage points [4][7]. - The report highlights that credit growth is anticipated to be lower year-on-year due to the impact of the Spring Festival, with corporate credit demand expected to remain flat and retail loans likely to decrease year-on-year [4][7]. Summary by Sections Social Financing Estimates - The estimated social financing stock for February 2026 is 451.1 trillion CNY, up from 449.1 trillion CNY in January 2026 and 417.3 trillion CNY in February 2025, showing a month-on-month increase of 2.0% and a year-on-year increase of 33.8% [7]. - The report predicts a decrease in new RMB loans for February 2026, estimating an increment of 0.5 trillion CNY, which is a year-on-year decrease of 0.1 trillion CNY [4][7]. Credit and Bond Financing - The report anticipates a decrease in government and credit bond net financing for February, with government bonds expected to net finance 1.4 trillion CNY, down 0.3 trillion CNY year-on-year [4][7]. - The report also notes that the demand for bank bills is expected to remain strong, with a decrease of 1,000 billion CNY in discounted bank acceptance bills, reflecting a year-on-year decrease of 2,000 billion CNY [4][7]. Monetary Growth - The report emphasizes the importance of M2 growth, which is expected to remain high at around 9.0% in February, supported by strong government bond financing and improved corporate cash flow [4][7]. - M1 growth is projected to rise to approximately 5.1%, influenced by a low base effect and the reduced impact of deposit migration [4][7].

Core Viewpoint - The intensification of geopolitical conflicts has led to a rise in global risk aversion, resulting in a strong performance of bank stocks, with the largest bank ETF (512800) seeing a price increase of 1.67% at one point and closing up 0.9% [1][9] Group 1: Market Performance - The bank ETF (512800) recorded a trading volume of 1.45 billion yuan, the highest since December 2025 [1][9] - Major state-owned banks experienced significant gains, with Agricultural Bank rising nearly 4%, and others like Bank of Communications, Industrial and Commercial Bank, China Construction Bank, and Bank of China increasing over 2% [1][9] - Some regional banks also showed strong performance, with Chongqing Bank rising over 5% and Yunnan Rural Commercial Bank increasing over 3% [1][9] Group 2: Fund Flows and Investment Appeal - Net buying in the banking sector reached 5.334 billion yuan, making it the second highest among primary industries, following oil and transportation [3][11] - The strength of bank stocks is attributed to their "dividend + defensive" asset characteristics, as geopolitical risks have heightened market risk aversion [3][11] - As of March 3, 22 out of 42 A-share bank stocks had dividend yields exceeding 4.5%, with the overall dividend yield of the China Securities Bank Index at 4.74% and a price-to-book ratio of only 0.64 [3][11][12] Group 3: Historical Performance - The China Securities Bank Index has shown a cumulative return of 660.32% since 2005, significantly outperforming major indices like the Shanghai Composite Index and CSI 300 [4][12] - The index's performance over the last five years includes a return of 6.79% in 2025 and 34.71% in 2024, while it faced declines in 2023, 2022, and 2021 [4][13] Group 4: Investment Tools - The bank ETF (512800) and its linked funds are efficient investment tools that track the overall performance of the banking sector, with the ETF's latest scale exceeding 11 billion yuan and an average daily trading volume of over 800 million yuan since 2025 [5][14][6]

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Buy" [2] Core Insights - The central theme of the report discusses the impact of recent currency policies on liquidity, specifically focusing on the People's Bank of China's (PBOC) measures to adjust the foreign exchange risk reserve ratio and its implications for cross-border liquidity [13][22] - The report highlights that the PBOC's recent policies aim to stabilize the RMB's exchange rate and enhance the liquidity of the offshore RMB market, which is expected to support the internationalization of the RMB [16][22] Summary by Sections 1. Current Observations: How Currency Policies Affect Liquidity - The PBOC introduced two key policies: a notification regarding RMB cross-border interbank financing and a reduction of the foreign exchange risk reserve ratio for forward foreign exchange transactions from 20% to 0% [13][18] - RMB cross-border interbank financing is crucial for providing RMB liquidity to offshore markets, with the potential net outflow limit estimated at approximately 1.79 trillion CNY, significantly higher than the current balance of about 1,942 billion CNY [16][17] 2. Forward Foreign Exchange Business - The adjustment of the foreign exchange risk reserve ratio is designed to lower the costs associated with forward foreign exchange transactions, thereby increasing demand in the forward market and countering expectations of RMB appreciation [18][19] 3. Outlook on Cross-Border Liquidity - The report anticipates that while speculative inflows may slow down, the demand for foreign investment in RMB-denominated assets will remain robust, driven by fundamentals, returns, and safety differentials [22][23] - It is expected that the increase in interbank lending will tighten liquidity in the banking sector, prompting the PBOC to potentially implement additional liquidity measures through government bond transactions and open market operations [23]