E-Mail：zhangxiaozhen@gf.com.cn 摘要： 本报告作为国债期货基差系列研究的第三篇，延续前序研究中多头 替代策略的核心思路，聚焦 30 年国债期货（TL 合约）的多头替代性价 比与应用前景。为拓展策略适用场景，研究将现货标的从 30 年国债活跃 券进一步扩展至中债-30 年国债指数等指数类资产，通过对比 TL 合约 CTD 券与各现货标的的净价走势关联性、基差结构及持有收益差异，验 证其多头替代可行性。 研究通讯 2025 年 12 月 23 日星期二 国债期货基差系列三：TL 合约多头替代前景 探讨 广发期货研究所 电 话：020-88818009 当前 TL 合约的 CTD 券锚定 30 年国债老券，相比 30 年国债活跃券 /中债-30 年国债指数，CTD 的久期偏短、收益率偏高，同时票息率明显 更高。从净价相对走势来看，TL 合约 CTD 券和 30 年国债活跃新券/指数 大体上走势相当，在新老券利差大幅收窄/走阔的时候可能出现差异。结 合久期和利差来看，在新老券利差收窄，叠加利率整体上行/震荡的情形 下，TL 的 CTD 券净价走势或容易强于 30 年国债活跃券/指数；反之 ...

Report Summary Core View - There are both positive and negative factors in the bond market. Positive factors include a loose capital market despite the contraction of the manufacturing PMI, and rumors of "dual cuts" in the political situation boosting sentiment, leading to a decline in yields and an overall rise in futures. Negative factors are that the central bank's bond - buying scale is lower than expected, causing yields to rise and futures to fall, as well as banks selling bonds to realize profits and bond funds facing redemption pressure, resulting in consecutive increases in yields and falling futures. The trading advice is to pay attention to the central bank's bond - buying intensity and short - term liquidity and keep positions flexible [2] Specific Data and Indicators Yield and Interest Rate - Data on 2Y, 5Y, 10Y, 30Y, and 7Y treasury bond yields from 2024/04 to 2025/08 are presented, along with data on deposit - type institutional pledged repurchase weighted interest rates for 1 - day and 7 - day terms and 7 - day reverse repurchase rates from 2023/12 to 2025/06 [3] Term Spread - Data on treasury bond term spreads (7Y - 2Y and 30Y - 7Y) from 2024/04 to 2025/08 are provided [4][5] Futures Position and Trading Volume - Data on the positions and trading volumes of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year treasury bond futures from different time periods are shown [7][8] Basis and Spread - Data on the basis of the current - quarter contracts of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year treasury bond futures are presented, as well as the inter - period spreads (current - quarter minus next - quarter) of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year treasury bond futures. Additionally, data on cross - variety spreads (TS*4 - T and T*3 - TL) are provided [9][10][14][16][18][19][20]

多资产的传感器，债市波动的放大器 [Table_Authors] 唐元懋(分析师) 2026 年国债期货策略展望 本报告导读： 期货对现券定价可能更加多变，联动策略更加灵活。 投资要点： 债券研究 /[Table_Date] 2025.12.12 | | | 0755-23976753 | | --- | --- | --- | | | tangyuanmao@gtht.com | | | 登记编号 | S0880524040002 | | | | 孙越(分析师) | | | | 021-38031033 | | | | sunyue6@gtht.com | | | 登记编号 | S0880525080004 | | [Table_Report] 相关报告 超长债上行期：保险买入未放量 2025.12.09 12 月首周大行融出规模显著回升 2025.12.09 降息预期下，美债长端承压会持续多久 2025.12.09 破位还是触底？T、TL 合约分化 20251208 2025.12.08 市场交易活跃度回落，解禁博弈节奏提前 2025.12.07 证 券 研 究 报 告 请务必阅读正文之后的免责条款部分 ...

Report Summary Core View - The capital market maintains a loose pattern, and abundant liquidity supports the bond market. The economic fundamentals have no significant negative factors, and the market environment is relatively stable. However, there are potential risks of rising inflation expectations and geopolitical uncertainties, which may put pressure on the bond market. It is recommended to maintain a wait - and - see approach, control risks, and pay attention to policy signals and economic data trends [2] Data Analysis - **Yield to Maturity**: The report presents the yield - to - maturity data of 2Y, 5Y, 10Y, 30Y, and 7Y treasury bonds from 2024/04 to 2025/08 [3] - **Funding Rates**: It shows the funding rates including the deposit - type institutional pledged repurchase weighted average rate for 1 - day and 7 - day, and the 7 - day reverse repurchase rate from 2023/12 to 2025/06 [3] - **Treasury Bond Term Spreads**: The term spreads of 7Y - 2Y and 30Y - 7Y treasury bonds from 2024/04 to 2025/08 are provided [4][5] - **Treasury Bond Futures Positions**: The positions data of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year treasury bond futures from 2015/12 to 2023/12 are presented [7] - **Treasury Bond Futures Trading Volume**: The trading volume data of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year treasury bond futures from 2024/04 to 2025/08 are shown [8] - **Treasury Bond Futures Basis**: The basis data of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year treasury bond futures' current - quarter contracts are provided with different time ranges [9][10][11][13] - **Treasury Bond Futures Inter - Period Spreads**: The inter - period spreads of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year treasury bond futures (current - quarter minus next - quarter) are presented with different time ranges [14][15][16][18] - **Treasury Bond Futures Inter - Variety Spreads**: The inter - variety spreads of TS*4 - T from 2024/04 to 2025/08 and T*3 - TL from 2023/06 to 2025/06 are shown [19][20]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided. 2. Core View of the Report - The report suggests paying attention to the central bank's policy stance, maintaining the view that there is still room for growth in the medium term, and advises to continue holding medium - term long positions [1][3]. 3. Summary by Related Sections 3.1. Disk Review - On Monday, bond futures rose in the morning session and fluctuated in the afternoon, with all varieties closing higher. The funding situation was loose, with DR001 around 1.32% on Friday. There were 338.7 billion yuan in open - market reverse repurchases and a 200 - billion - yuan treasury cash fixed - deposit tender, resulting in a net injection of 255.7 billion yuan [1]. 3.2. Important News - Five out of the 12 Fed officials with voting rights this year have indicated a preference to keep interest rates unchanged next month [2]. - Trump advisor Hassett said that the new Fed leadership may cut interest rates and that the appointment of the Fed chair may be decided around the new year [2]. - Japan announced the deployment of missiles in a sensitive area, only 110 kilometers from Taiwan, China [2]. 3.3. Market Outlook - The A - share market rebounded on low volume today, hardly affecting the bond market. Geopolitical tensions seem to have intensified, but it is not the main influencing factor for the bond market at present. There is no obvious short - term market driver. This week, attention should be paid to whether MLF roll - overs and PMI data will provide trading impetus [3]. 3.4. Daily Treasury Futures Data | Contract | 2025 - 11 - 24 | 2025 - 11 - 21 | Today's Change | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | TS2512 | 102.416 | 102.448 | - 0.032 | | TF2512 | 105.885 | 105.855 | 0.03 | | T2512 | 108.47 | 108.44 | 0.03 | | TL2512 | 115.72 | 115.59 | 0.13 | | TS Basis (CTD) | 0.0034 | - 0.0063 | 0.0097 | | TF Basis (CTD) | 0.02 | 0.0033 | 0.0167 | | T Basis (CTD) | 0.0793 | 0.0802 | - 0.0009 | | TL Basis (CTD) | 0.1394 | 0.1601 | - 0.0207 | | TS Contract Position (Lots) | 71,468 | 73,816 | - 2,348 | | TF Contract Position (Lots) | 160,107 | 153,244 | 6,863 | | T Contract Position (Lots) | 284,471 | 279,585 | 4,886 | | TL Contract Position (Lots) | 175,392 | 176,275 | - 883 | | TS Main Contract Trading Volume (Lots) | 35,982 | 29,272 | 6,710 | | TF Main Contract Trading Volume (Lots) | 46,495 | 64,448 | - 17,953 | | T Main Contract Trading Volume (Lots) | 79,246 | 103,001 | - 23,755 | | TL Main Contract Trading Volume (Lots) | 64,907 | 97,822 | - 32,915 | [4]

Group 1: Overall Market Condition and Expectations - The bond market showed an overall oscillatory strengthening trend, with long - term bonds performing slightly better than short - term bonds. The 30 - year main contract of treasury bond futures rose 0.22%. The liquidity in the inter - bank market tightened further, and the overnight repurchase rate of deposit - taking institutions rose more than 15bp to 1.48%. Vanke bonds generally declined, with "22 Vanke 06" falling more than 8%. The bond market sentiment was fair, and it is expected to remain oscillatory until the end of the year, with few trend opportunities [2]. - The central bank has increased the volume of MLF roll - overs for the 8th consecutive month. The October PMI data was below expectations and still below the boom - bust line. In September, the CPI rose 0.1% month - on - month and fell 0.3% year - on - year, while the year - on - year increase of core CPI expanded for the 5th consecutive month. The new social financing in September was slightly lower than the seasonal level. Affected by the "migration of RMB deposits", the M2 growth rate expanded. The LPR remained unchanged as expected. The Federal Reserve cut interest rates by 25 basis points at the October FOMC meeting [4]. Group 2: Capital and Policy - On November 10, the People's Bank of China conducted 119.9 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations at a fixed interest rate of 1.40%. With 78.3 billion yuan of reverse repurchases maturing on the same day, the net investment on the day was 41.6 billion yuan [2]. Group 3: Basis and Inventory Analysis - The main basis of TS was - 0.0211, indicating that the cash bond was at a discount to the futures, which was bearish. The main basis of TF was - 0.0235, also bearish. The main basis of T was 0.0202, and the main basis of TL was 0.1186, both indicating that the cash bond was at a premium to the futures, which was bullish [2]. - The balances of deliverable bonds for the main contracts of TS, TF, and T were 1.3594 trillion, 1.4935 trillion, and 2.3599 trillion respectively, which was neutral [3]. Group 4: Market Technical Analysis - The main contracts of TS, TF, and T were all above the 20 - day moving average, and the 20 - day moving average was upward, which was bullish [3]. - The main contract of TS had a net long position with an increase in long positions. The main contract of TF also had a net long position with an increase in long positions. The main contract of T had a net long position with a decrease in long positions [4]. Group 5: Main Contract Quotes | Futures Contract | Current Price | Change Rate | Trading Volume | Open Interest | Daily Position Change | CTD Bond | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | T2512.CFE | 108.485 | 0.01% | 58,830 | 231,393 | - 4,216 | 250018.IB | | TF2512.CFE | 105.940 | 0.02% | 49,109 | 138,398 | - 4,021 | 250003.IB | | TS2512.CFE | 102.468 | 0.00% | 24,929 | 67,365 | - 700 | 250012.IB | | TL2512.CFE | 116.28 | 0.22% | 96,097 | 129,150 | 1,495 | 210005.IB | [7]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No investment rating information is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints - The overall sentiment in the inter - bank bond market is warm, with spot bond yields declining by about 1bp. The main contracts of treasury bond futures mostly rose, and the 30 - year main contract increased by 0.19%. The tax payment period has basically ended, and the inter - bank money market has become more relaxed, with the overnight repo rate of deposit - taking institutions dropping by more than 9bp to a low of 1.31%. The fourth - quarter bond market faces a generally favorable fundamental and policy environment but remains in a volatile pattern [3]. - The central bank has continued to increase the volume of MLF renewals for the 8th consecutive month. In September, the manufacturing PMI recovered but was still below the boom - bust line. The CPI increased by 0.1% month - on - month and decreased by 0.3% year - on - year, while the year - on - year increase in core CPI expanded for the 5th consecutive month. New social financing in September was slightly lower than the seasonal level, and the M2 growth rate expanded due to the "migration of RMB deposits". The LPR remained unchanged as expected. The Fed cut interest rates by 25 basis points at its October meeting [5]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Fundamentals - The inter - bank bond market sentiment is warm, spot bond yields decline, and the main contracts of treasury bond futures mostly rise. The tax payment period ends, and the money market eases. The market is highly concerned about the China - US summit [3]. 3.2 Fund Flow - On October 30, the People's Bank of China conducted 3426 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations at a fixed interest rate of 1.40%. With 2125 billion yuan of reverse repurchases maturing on the same day, the net investment was 1301 billion yuan [3]. 3.3 Basis - The basis of TS main contract is - 0.0721, indicating that the spot bond is at a discount to the futures, which is bearish. The basis of TF main contract is - 0.0427, also bearish. The basis of T main contract is 0.1084, indicating that the spot bond is at a premium to the futures, which is bullish. The basis of TL main contract is 0.0476, also bullish [3]. 3.4 Inventory - The balance of deliverable bonds for the main contracts of TS, TF, and T are 1359.4 billion yuan, 1493.5 billion yuan, and 2359.9 billion yuan respectively, which is neutral [4]. 3.5 Market Trends - The TS main contract is running above the 20 - day moving average, and the 20 - day moving average is upward, which is bullish. The TF main contract is also above the 20 - day moving average with an upward 20 - day moving average, which is bullish. The T main contract is above the 20 - day moving average with an upward 20 - day moving average, which is bullish [4]. 3.6 Main Positions - The TS main contract has a net long position, and the long position increases. The TF main contract has a net long position, and the long position increases. The T main contract has a net long position, but the long position decreases [5]. 3.7 Market Quotes | Futures Contract | Current Price | Change Rate | Trading Volume | Open Interest | Daily Position Change | CTD Bond | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | T2512.CFE | 108.630 | 0.05% | 68,993 | 245,110 | - 1,169 | 220017.IB | | TF2512.CFE | 106.065 | 0.00% | 54,366 | 149,269 | 160 | 250003.IB | | TS2512.CFE | 102.554 | - 0.01% | 33,991 | 73,541 | 2,319 | 250012.IB | | TL2512.CFE | 116.15 | 0.19% | 128,226 | 144,078 | - 1,963 | 220008.IB | [8]

Report Summary 1. Investment Rating No investment rating for the industry is provided in the report. 2. Core View The sentiment in the inter - bank bond market in China is relatively high. Short - and medium - term bond yields have declined significantly due to rumors of large banks buying new bonds issued this year within three years, while long - term bonds have performed weakly. The central bank has been supportive, and the inter - bank market liquidity has loosened. There is still room for market speculation on loose monetary policy, providing short - term support for the bond market [2]. 3. Section Summaries 3.1. Market Review - **Fundamentals**: The inter - bank bond market sentiment is high, short - and medium - term bonds are in high demand with falling yields, long - term bonds are weak, most Treasury bond futures contracts have risen, and the central bank has increased market liquidity. The market is still speculating on loose monetary policy, which supports the short - term bond market [2]. - **Funding**: On October 29, the central bank conducted 557.7 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations at an interest rate of 1.40%, with 138.2 billion yuan of reverse repurchases maturing on the same day, resulting in a net investment of 419.5 billion yuan [2]. - **Basis**: The basis of TS, TF, and T main contracts is negative, indicating that the spot is at a discount to the futures, which is bearish. The basis of the TL main contract is positive, indicating that the spot is at a premium to the futures, which is bullish [2]. - **Inventory**: The balance of deliverable bonds for the TS, TF, and T main contracts is 1.3594 trillion yuan, 1.4935 trillion yuan, and 2.3599 trillion yuan respectively, which is neutral [3]. - **Market Trend**: The TS, TF, and T main contracts are above the 20 - day moving average, and the 20 - day moving average is upward, which is bullish [3]. - **Main Positions**: The net long positions of the TS and TF main contracts have increased, while the net long positions of the T main contract have decreased [4]. - **Expectations**: The central bank has increased the volume of MLF renewals for eight consecutive months. In September, the manufacturing PMI recovered but remained below the boom - bust line, the CPI increased by 0.1% month - on - month and decreased by 0.3% year - on - year, and the core CPI has been rising year - on - year [5]. - **Contract Quotes**: The T2512.CFE contract price is 108.570, up 0.13%, with a trading volume of 91,358 and an open interest of 246,279, an increase of 7,086. The TF2512.CFE contract price is 106.070, up 0.16%, with a trading volume of 99,318 and an open interest of 149,109, an increase of 10,861. The TS2512.CFE contract price is 102.576, up 0.10%, with a trading volume of 56,118 and an open interest of 71,222, an increase of 2,282. The TL2512.CFE contract price is 115.83, down 0.27%, with a trading volume of 125,436 and an open interest of 146,041, a decrease of 1,892 [8]. 3.2. Spot Bond Analysis The report presents the DR interest rate and the maturity yields of inter - bank Treasury bonds for 2 - year, 5 - year, and 10 - year terms, as well as the term spreads between 10Y - 2Y and 5Y - 2Y, but does not provide specific analysis conclusions [9][13]. 3.3. Basis Analysis The report shows the basis trends of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year Treasury bond futures contracts, but no specific analysis conclusions are provided [16][17][19].

Group 1: Investment Rating - No investment rating information is provided in the report. Group 2: Core View - The report analyzes the factors affecting the bond market, with bank - to - bank funds in a loose environment supporting the bond market, and the 10 - year main contract rising 0.12% weekly, showing stable market sentiment and attracting buyers. However, there are also negative factors such as better - than - expected import and export data (4.8% export growth) and high risk preference. It is recommended to closely monitor the capital situation and economic fundamentals and maintain a cautious and wait - and - see attitude [3] Group 3: Summary by Related Data Bond Market Influencing Factors - Positive factors: Bank - to - bank funds in a loose environment support the bond market, and the 10 - year main contract rising 0.12% weekly attracts buyers [3] - Negative factors: Import and export data are better than expected (4.8% export growth), which may push up interest rate expectations, and high risk preference increases the pressure of capital diversion [3] Yield and Interest Rate - The report presents the trends of 2Y, 5Y, 10Y, 30Y, and 7Y treasury bond yields from 2024/04 to 2025/08, as well as the trends of deposit - type institutional pledged repurchase weighted interest rates for 1 - day and 7 - day and 7 - day reverse repurchase rates from 2023/12 to 2025/06 [4] Term Spread - It shows the trends of 7Y - 2Y and 30Y - 7Y treasury bond term spreads from 2024/04 to 2025/08 [4] Futures Position and Trading Volume - The trends of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year treasury bond futures positions from 2015/12 to 2023/12 and trading volumes from 2024/04 to 2025/08 are presented [8][9] Basis and Spread - The report shows the trends of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year treasury bond futures basis for the current quarter, as well as the trends of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year treasury bond futures spreads between the current and next quarters from 2024/04 to 2025/08 (for 30 - year from 2023/06 to 2025/06) [10][17][20] - It also presents the trends of TS*4 - T and T*3 - TL cross - variety spreads from 2024/04 to 2025/08 (for T*3 - TL from 2023/06 to 2025/06) [21][22]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant information provided. 2. Core View of the Report - The report suggests paying attention to the central bank's attitude. It believes that the market decline today may be related to a widely - circulated fund fee interpretation memo. The shift from institutional redemptions of fund products to ETFs and special accounts may be an emerging trend, which will bring some pressure to the market in the short - term. With the current stable capital situation and the central bank's reluctance to over - invest, the market lacks positive drivers and is vulnerable to potential negative factors. Trading should adopt a volatile approach, and when buying long positions, the intervals should be widened [1][3]. 3. Summary by Related Content 3.1. Disk Review - On Tuesday, bond futures prices dropped rapidly after the opening, failed to rebound during the trading day, and all varieties closed lower. The open market only conducted 7 - day reverse repurchases, with a net withdrawal of 1.09 billion yuan. The capital situation tended to be stable, and the DR001 rate dropped to 1.41% [1]. 3.2. Intraday News - Federal Reserve Governor Milan estimated the neutral interest rate to be around 2.5% and proposed an additional 125 - basis - point interest rate cut within the year. However, three Fed officials poured cold water on the idea of rate cuts, stating that there is limited room for further action and no reason to cut rates again this year [2]. 3.3. Market Judgment - The main reason for today's market decline may be related to a fund fee interpretation memo. The shift from institutional redemptions of fund products to ETFs and special accounts is likely a long - term trend, which will bring some pressure to the market during the transition. Currently, the capital situation is stable, and the central bank's open - market fund withdrawal indicates its reluctance to over - invest. The market lacks positive drivers and is easily affected by potential negative factors. Trading should be based on a volatile strategy, and when buying long positions, the intervals should be widened [3]. 3.4. Daily Data of Treasury Bond Futures | Contract | 2025 - 09 - 23 Price | 2025 - 09 - 22 Price | Price Change | 2025 - 09 - 23 Position (Lots) | 2025 - 09 - 22 Position (Lots) | Position Change (Lots) | 2025 - 09 - 23 Trading Volume (Lots) | 2025 - 09 - 22 Trading Volume (Lots) | Trading Volume Change (Lots) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | TS2512 | 102.352 | 102.396 | - 0.044 | 75408 | 76728 | - 1320 | 38495 | 28858 | 9637 | | TF2512 | 105.645 | 105.76 | - 0.115 | 144278 | 151551 | - 7273 | 81508 | 50317 | 31191 | | T2512 | 107.755 | 107.945 | - 0.19 | 246257 | 251433 | - 5176 | 110179 | 79097 | 31082 | | TL2512 | 114.54 | 115.09 | - 0.55 | 166622 | 169375 | - 2753 | 154093 | 113691 | 40402 | | TS Basis (CTD) | - 0.0467 | - 0.0141 | - 0.0326 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | TF Basis (CTD) | - 0.0531 | 0.0369 | - 0.09 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | T Basis (CTD) | 0.0321 | 0.1268 | - 0.0947 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | TL Basis (CTD) | 0.623 | 0.6336 | - 0.0106 | - | - | - | - | - | - | [4] |