Group 1 - The total profit of industrial enterprises above designated size in China from January to May reached 2.72 trillion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 1.1%, with a decline in growth rate of 2.5 percentage points compared to January to April [1][3] - The operating revenue for the same period was 54.76 trillion yuan, showing a year-on-year growth of 2.7%, but the growth rate decreased by 0.5 percentage points from the previous value [1][3] - In May alone, the profit of industrial enterprises fell by 9.1% year-on-year, marking the largest decline since October of the previous year, indicating increased operational pressure on industrial enterprises [3][4] Group 2 - Factors contributing to the decline in profits include insufficient effective demand, falling industrial product prices, and short-term fluctuations, with investment income from the previous year’s high base dragging down profit growth by 1.7 percentage points [3][4] - The Producer Price Index (PPI) is identified as the main constraint on the recovery of profit growth for industrial enterprises, with expectations of declining external demand necessitating a rebound in investment and consumption to support profit growth [3][5] Group 3 - Despite the overall profit decline, the gross profit of industrial enterprises increased by 1.1% year-on-year, contributing to a 3.0 percentage point increase in total profits [4] - The equipment manufacturing sector and industries related to the "Three New" policies maintained high profit levels, with equipment manufacturing profits growing by 7.2% year-on-year, contributing 2.4 percentage points to total industrial profits [4][5] - The "Three New" industries, including aerospace and maritime sectors, saw significant profit increases, with aerospace manufacturing profits rising by 120.7% and shipbuilding profits increasing by 85.0% [4][5] Group 4 - The internal demand has accelerated due to large-scale equipment updates and the "Two New" policies, with profits in general and specialized equipment sectors growing by 10.6% and 7.1% respectively, contributing 0.6 percentage points to overall industrial profits [5] - The average collection period for accounts receivable increased to 70.5 days, indicating pressure on asset turnover and affecting production investment expansion [5] - Looking ahead, the production situation in the industrial sector is expected to remain below expectations due to the need for improved internal demand and low price levels, with potential widening of supply-demand gaps in traditional industries [5]

Core Viewpoint - The profits of industrial enterprises above designated size in China have shown a decline due to multiple factors including insufficient effective demand, falling industrial product prices, and fluctuations in short-term factors, despite an increase in revenue and gross profit [1][2]. Group 1: Profit Trends - In May, the profits of industrial enterprises above designated size fell by 9.1% year-on-year, with a cumulative decline of 1.1% for the first five months [1][2]. - The total profit for these enterprises in the first five months reached 27,204.3 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year decrease of 1.1% [2]. - The high base of investment income from the previous year negatively impacted profit growth, dragging down the profit growth rate by 1.7 percentage points [2]. Group 2: Revenue and Gross Profit - Despite the decline in profits, the revenue of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 2.7% year-on-year [2]. - The gross profit, calculated by deducting operating costs from revenue, grew by 1.1% year-on-year, contributing to a 3.0 percentage point increase in overall profits [2]. Group 3: Sector Performance - The mining industry saw a profit decline of 29.0%, while the manufacturing sector experienced a profit increase of 5.4% [3]. - The electricity, heat, gas, and water production and supply industry reported a profit growth of 3.7% [3]. - The equipment manufacturing sector's profits rose by 7.2%, significantly supporting overall industrial profit growth [3]. Group 4: Emerging Industries - The "Three Aviation" industries (aerospace, aviation, and maritime) have driven significant profit growth in related sectors, with profits in these areas increasing by 56.0% [3]. - The aircraft manufacturing sector saw a remarkable profit increase of 120.7%, while the aerospace and rocket manufacturing sectors also reported substantial growth [3]. Group 5: Policy Impact - The "Two New" policy, aimed at promoting large-scale equipment updates and consumer goods replacement, has led to a doubling of profits in the smart consumer device manufacturing sector [5]. - The general and specialized equipment manufacturing sectors also reported profit increases of 10.6% and 7.1%, respectively, contributing to overall industrial profit growth [5][6].

Core Viewpoint - In the first five months of 2025, the total profit of industrial enterprises above designated size reached 2.72 trillion yuan, showing a year-on-year decline of 1.1% due to multiple factors including insufficient effective demand and declining industrial product prices [1] Group 1: Industrial Profit Trends - The total profit of industrial enterprises increased by 603.4 billion yuan compared to the first four months, but still experienced a year-on-year decline [1] - Gross profit margin for industrial enterprises grew by 1.1% year-on-year, contributing to a 3.0 percentage point increase in overall profits [1] - Revenue for industrial enterprises rose by 2.7% year-on-year, indicating a sustained growth trend that may support future profit recovery [1] Group 2: Equipment Manufacturing Sector - The equipment manufacturing sector demonstrated strong performance with a profit increase of 7.2% year-on-year, contributing 2.4 percentage points to the overall industrial profit growth [2] - Seven out of eight industries within equipment manufacturing reported profit growth, with notable increases in electronics, electrical machinery, and general equipment sectors, achieving growth rates of 11.9%, 11.6%, and 10.6% respectively [2] Group 3: High-Quality Development in Aerospace and Marine Industries - The aerospace, aviation, and marine industries experienced rapid growth, with profits increasing by 56.0% year-on-year [2] - Specific sectors such as aircraft manufacturing and spacecraft manufacturing saw profits rise by 120.7% and 28.6% respectively, driven by successful commercial operations and new achievements in commercial aerospace [2] - The shipbuilding and related equipment manufacturing sectors also thrived, with profits growing by 85.0%, including a 111.8% increase in metal ship manufacturing profits [2] Group 4: Impact of "Two New" Policies - The implementation of "Two New" policies has effectively stimulated domestic demand, with profits in general and specialized equipment sectors increasing by 10.6% and 7.1% respectively [3] - Rapid profit growth was observed in specific industries such as electronic and electrical machinery, with increases of 39.3% and 26.7% [3] - The effects of the consumer goods replacement policy were significant, with profits in smart consumer devices and kitchen appliances rising by 101.5% and 20.7% respectively [3] Group 5: Performance of Private and Foreign Enterprises - Profits for private enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises grew by 3.4% and 0.3% respectively, both exceeding the average growth rate of all industrial enterprises [4] - These sectors contributed 0.9 percentage points and 0.1 percentage points to the overall industrial profit growth [4] - Future strategies will focus on implementing proactive macro policies to strengthen domestic circulation and promote high-quality industrial development [4]

Group 1 - The total profit of industrial enterprises above designated size in China for January to May was 2.72 trillion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 1.1%, with May alone seeing a profit drop of 9.1% [1][3] - The decline in industrial profits is attributed to insufficient effective demand, falling industrial product prices, and fluctuations in short-term factors [1][3] - Despite the overall profit decline, the gross profit of industrial enterprises increased by 1.1% year-on-year, contributing to a 3.0 percentage point increase in total profits [1][3] Group 2 - Private enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises showed profit growth of 3.4% and 0.3% respectively, outperforming the average level of all industrial enterprises [3] - The equipment manufacturing sector demonstrated strong performance with a profit increase of 7.2%, contributing 2.4 percentage points to the overall industrial profit growth [3][4] - Several industries within equipment manufacturing, such as electronics and electrical machinery, reported profit growth exceeding 10% [3][4] Group 3 - The "Two New" policies have effectively stimulated domestic demand, leading to significant profit increases in general and specialized equipment manufacturing [4] - The consumer goods sector benefited from policies promoting the replacement of old products, with profit growth in smart consumer devices reaching 101.5% [4] - Future industrial profit growth is expected to improve due to supportive policies aimed at enhancing quality and efficiency in key industries [4]

Core Insights - In the first five months, the total profit of industrial enterprises above designated size reached 27,204.3 billion yuan, showing a year-on-year decline of 1.1% despite an increase of 6,034.1 billion yuan compared to the first four months [1] Group 1: Profit Trends - The profit of industrial enterprises decreased year-on-year due to multiple factors including insufficient effective demand, declining industrial product prices, and short-term fluctuations [1] - Although the total profit declined, the gross profit calculated by deducting operating costs from operating income increased by 1.1% year-on-year, contributing to a 3.0 percentage point increase in overall profits for industrial enterprises [1] Group 2: Policy Impact - The "Two New" policy has shown continuous effects, with various regions and departments intensifying efforts to implement the policy, effectively releasing domestic demand vitality [1] - Under the influence of large-scale equipment renewal policies, the profits of the general equipment and specialized equipment industries increased by 10.6% and 7.1% year-on-year, respectively, collectively contributing 0.6 percentage points to the growth of profits for industrial enterprises above designated size [1] Group 3: Future Outlook - The next phase will focus on thoroughly implementing the decisions and deployments of the Central Committee and the State Council, adopting more proactive macro policies, strengthening domestic circulation, enhancing innovation-driven development, and solidifying the foundation for the recovery of industrial enterprise efficiency [1]

Group 1 - In the first five months of 2025, industrial enterprises above designated size achieved a total profit of 27,204.3 billion yuan, showing a year-on-year decline of 1.1% due to multiple factors such as insufficient effective demand and declining industrial product prices [1] - Despite the profit decline, the gross profit margin for these enterprises increased by 1.1% year-on-year, contributing to a 3.0 percentage point increase in overall profits [1] - The operating revenue for industrial enterprises grew by 2.7% year-on-year, indicating a sustained growth trend that creates favorable conditions for future profit recovery [1] Group 2 - The equipment manufacturing industry demonstrated significant resilience, with profits increasing by 7.2% year-on-year, contributing 2.4 percentage points to the overall industrial profit growth [2] - Among the eight sectors within the equipment manufacturing industry, seven reported profit growth, with notable increases in electronics, electrical machinery, and general equipment sectors, achieving growth rates of 11.9%, 11.6%, and 10.6% respectively [2] - The aerospace, aviation, and maritime industries experienced rapid growth, with profits increasing by 56.0% year-on-year, driven by successful commercial operations of domestic large aircraft and advancements in space exploration [2] Group 3 - The "two new" policy effects are becoming increasingly evident, with significant profit growth in general and specialized equipment sectors, achieving increases of 10.6% and 7.1% respectively [3] - The consumer goods sector benefited from policies promoting the replacement of old equipment, with profits in smart consumer devices and kitchen appliances growing by 101.5% and 20.7% respectively [3] - Private and foreign-invested enterprises also saw profit growth, with increases of 3.4% and 0.3% year-on-year, surpassing the average growth rate of all industrial enterprises [3]

作 者丨郑玮 编 辑丨周上祺 近日，1—5月国民经济运行数据发布，消费、工业、出口等板块表现受到市场关注。 从数据表现上看，5月消费强势领跑，工业、出口则呈现韧性中放缓趋势。其中，5月社会消费 品零售总额同比增长6.4%，实现今年以来月度最高增速，增幅跑赢出口、投资。与"高歌猛 进"的消费相对的是，5月规上工业增加值、货物出口总额同比增速均有所放缓。 表现亮眼的消费主要受到什么因素驱动？"国补"政策效应能否长期持续？下半年中国出口市场 将呈现何种走势？还有哪些潜在风险需要注意？围绕市场关注议题，21世纪经济报道专访广发 证券首席经济学家郭磊。 郭磊认为，在"两新"政策带动下，目前消费仍处于政策红利期，未来除财政补贴外，促消费政 策在收入端、金融端、社会端等方面也仍然存在很多政策空间，预计下半年"两新"和服务类消 费带动下的消费仍将保持相对活跃状态。 同时，郭磊分析表示，受逆全球化关税政策、建筑业降幅扩大等影响，下半年出口-制造业条 线或将有所放缓，对冲方式包括推动建筑业逆周期，加快基建开工和实物工作量，以及推动消 费和服务业发展，用消费动能部分替代出口动能，以内需的确定性应对外需的不确定性。 （广发证券首席经 ...

"今年以来，面对更趋复杂严峻的外部环境，我们坚持稳中求进、以进促稳，实施更加积极有为的宏观 政策，加快落实稳就业稳经济推动高质量发展若干举措，经济运行总体平稳。"6月26日，国家发展改革 委举行新闻发布会，国家发展改革委政策研究室副主任、新闻发言人李超分析了当前经济形势，并围 绕"两新"政策成效、粮食生产、能源保供等热点问题回答了记者提问。 存量政策加快落地见效，新的储备政策陆续出台实施 今年以来，国家发展改革委会同有关方面加力扩围实施"两新"政策，以旧换新相关商品销售额已超1.4 万亿元。 设备更新方面，超长期特别国债资金支持力度为2000亿元。第一批约1730亿元资金，已按照"地方审 核、国家复核"的原则，安排到16个领域约7500个项目，第二批资金正在同步开展项目审核筛选。 从供给看，农业生产有序开展，工业服务业稳定增长。 5月份，规模以上工业增加值同比增长5.8%，服务业生产指数增长6.2%，增速比上月提高0.2个百分点。 从需求看，消费投资持续扩大，出口保持较快增长。 5月份，社会消费品零售总额同比增长6.4%，增速为2024年以来最高水平。前5个月，固定资产投资稳 定增长，其中制造业投资增长8.5 ...

Economic Stability Measures - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) announced multiple economic stability measures, including the implementation of equipment update loan interest subsidies and the promotion of mass sports events [1][2] - In May, the industrial added value for large-scale enterprises increased by 5.8% year-on-year, while the service production index grew by 6.2%, indicating stable growth in the industrial and service sectors [1] - Retail sales of consumer goods in May rose by 6.4% year-on-year, marking the highest growth rate in 2024, with fixed asset investment showing steady growth, particularly in the manufacturing sector, which saw an 8.5% increase [1] "Two New" Policy Impact - The "Two New" policy has played a crucial role in stabilizing investment, expanding consumption, and improving livelihoods, with sales of related products exceeding 1.4 trillion yuan this year [2] - The NDRC plans to enhance the management of equipment update projects and accelerate project construction while implementing a structured plan for the distribution of funds for consumer goods replacement [2] Sports and Cultural Tourism Development - There is a growing enthusiasm for diverse and mass sports events, reflecting significant potential in the sports and cultural tourism industries [2][3] - The NDRC aims to expand public fitness facilities and support the development of outdoor sports, targeting the establishment of around 100 high-quality outdoor sports destinations by 2030 [3] - The integration of sports events with cultural heritage, tourism, and dining is being promoted to enhance the attractiveness and overall value of these events [3]

Group 1 - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) will allocate the third batch of funds for the consumption upgrade policy in July, emphasizing the principles of "timeliness" and "balance" in fund usage [1] - A total of 300 billion yuan in special long-term bonds will support the consumption upgrade policy, with 162 billion yuan already distributed in the first two batches [1] - Sales of related products in the consumption upgrade sector, including home appliances and furniture, have exceeded 1.4 trillion yuan this year [1] Group 2 - The first batch of approximately 173 billion yuan for equipment updates has been allocated to about 7,500 projects across 16 sectors, with the second batch undergoing project review [2] - The NDRC plans to enhance project management and accelerate construction while implementing loan interest subsidies to reduce financing costs for equipment updates [2] - A new action plan aims to increase the labor remuneration ratio in the "work-for-relief" projects from over 30% to 40%, thereby boosting income for the workforce [2]